1,721,115 research outputs found
Social Capital and Poverty Reduction: Measurement Issues in Longitudinal and Cross-Country Comparisons. The Case of UE
No full textWhile there appears to be widespread consensus that social capital contributes significantly to development outcomes - growth, equity and poverty alleviation - and that it represents a significant determinant of household well-being, the same cannot be said of its measurement criteria. This paper aims to discuss some of the unresolved issues related to social capital measurement in Europe, because of the strong commitment of European Union in the fight against povert
Women, Development and Environment
No full textThe purpose of this work is to analyse the link between gender system, development and environment in different regions of the world. Using international databases we built comparable indicators relating to the status of women and gender inequalities; development and socio-economic growth; environmental quality for all countries of the World - where available - with reference to the year 2005. Multivariate descriptive statistical analyses were performed using the method of Principal Components
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Bottoming cycles for electric energy generation: Parametric investigation of available and innovative solutions for the exploitation of low and medium temperature heat sources
No full textMany industrial processes and conventional fossil fuel energy production systems used in small-medium industries, such as internal combustion engines and gas turbines, provide low or medium temperature (i.e., 200–500 °C) heat fluxes as a by-product, which are typically wasted in the environment. The possibility of exploiting this wasted heat, converting it into electric energy by means of different energy systems, is investigated in this article, by extending the usual range of operation of existing technologies or introducing novel concepts. In particular, among the small size bottoming cycle technologies, the identified solutions which could allow to improve the energy saving performance of an existing plant by generating a certain amount of electric energy are: the Organic Rankine Cycle, the Stirling engine and the Inverted Brayton Cycle; this last is an original thermodynamic concept included in the performed comparative analysis.
Moreover, this paper provides a parametric investigation of the thermodynamic performance of the different systems; in particular, for the Inverted Brayton Cycle, the effects of the heat source characteristics and of the cycle design parameters on the achievable efficiency and specific power are shown. Furthermore, a comparison with other existing energy recovery solutions is performed, in order to assess the market potential. The analysis shows that the highest electric efficiency values, more than 20% with reference to the input heat content, are obtained with the Organic Rankine Cycle, while not negligible values of efficiency (up to 10%) are achievable with the Inverted Brayton Cycle, if the available temperature is higher than 400 °C
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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