10 research outputs found
Raw data of experiments on the seasonal incidence of brinjal shoot and fruit borer
No full textThe authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article
Graphical and Numerical Analysis of the Components of Gene Effect on the Quality Traits of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Varying Environmental Conditions
No full textWheat is one of the main cereals. At this time, the crucial difficulty in improving nutritional traits is the influence on genotypes of different environments. Selecting superior genotypes on the basis of a gene effects analysis for varying environments is demanded. In this study, 10 different genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were used. Parents, hybrids, and two standard checks were evaluated in a complete randomized block design with three replicates in four environments: E1 and E2 (normal and late sown, Rabi 2018-19) & E3 and E4 (normal and late sown, Rabi 2019-20). The analysis of the components of the gene effect revealed that most of the characters were governed by additive and dominant gene actions in the environments; for gluten, the wet gluten (E2) and starch (E3) content were the only dominant components (H1 and H2) with a significant gene effect. Overdominance, asymmetrical distribution of positive–negative and dominant–recessive genes, and narrow-sense heritability were observed in most of the characters in all environments. In a graphical analysis, the regression value b was observed to be in unity among protein content (E1 and E3), sedimentation value (E1, E2, and E3), and starch content (E1), indicating the absence of digenic interactions. Based on the intercept of the regression line on the Wr axis, the degree of dominance for protein content (E1 and E3), sedimentation value (E1, E2, and E3), and starch content (E1) was depicted as overdominance. Therefore, a given population may be improved to isolate superior recombinants for the development of desired parents in future breeding programs
Use of Graphical and Numerical Approaches for Diallel Analysis of Grain Yield and Its Attributes in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Varying Environmental Conditions
No full textImproving yield is the main aim of plant breeders. In the case of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), a major challenge in this regard is genotype–environment interactions, and a knowledge of these is required to successfully select high-yielding genotypes. In this study, graphical and numerical approaches of diallel analysis have been used to reveal such interactions. Ten different wheat genotypes were crossed using a half-diallel approach. The parents, hybrids, and standard checks were evaluated at the Regional Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Gujarat, Anand, India under both standard and late-sown conditions in two separate years (E1 and E2 (normal-18 November 2018 and late sown-10 December 2018, respectively, Rabi 2018–2019), E3 and E4 (normal-18 November 2019 and late sown-10 December 2019, respectively, Rabi 2019–2020)). For each sowing, ‘t2’ values were calculated for eleven phenotypic characteristics: days to 50% heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, length of main stem, number of spikelets per main spike, number of grains per main spike, grain yield per main spike, grain yield per plant, 1000-grain weight, and harvest index. Components of the gene effect revealed that the number of spikelets per main spike in E2 and E4, and the number of grains per main spike in E2 were governed by both additive and dominance gene action across the environments. Other characteristics were the greater influence of the dominance gene effect, except for days to 50% heading in E1, E2, E3, and E4; days to maturity in E2, E3, and E4; grain yield per main spike in E4. Many characteristics exhibited overdominance, an asymmetrical distribution of positive–negative, dominance–recessive genes, and narrow-sense heritability in all environments. In graphical analysis, regression value ‘b’ was unity for days to 50% heading (E1 and E4) and 1000-grain weight (E3 and E4), which revealed an absence of digenic interactions for these characteristics in the respective environments. Therefore, a given population may be improved to isolate superior recombinants for the development of desired parents in future breeding programs
Study on Variability in Field Experiments of Bhal and Coastal Zone Crops and Development Yardstick
No full textThe data on CV % for Bhal and coastal zone of Gujarat crops yield along with other details of 1117 field experiments conducted during 1989−90 to 2014−15 at Agriculture research station, Anand Agricultural University, Arnej and Dhandhuka center were collected and analyzed using BASIC proramme. Most of the experiments carried out in plant breeding discipline (837) among the 21% experiments had greater than 18% CV followed by Agronomy (170) among 24% experiments had greater than 18% CV. More than 88% experiments carried out in RBD and about 23% experiments of them have CV % higher than the fiducial limit. According to different treatment, Treatments group 6−10, 16−20, 21−25 and 26−30 showed lower CV % compared to overall average CV %. Plot size and shape also play an important role in the precision of the experiment results. Therefore, plot size of the experiments 3 to 9 m2 seems to be optimum plot size of bhal and coastal zone crops. All the experiments conducted in these regions had 2 to 6 replications. Out of them, most of experiments were conducted with 2 to 4 replications and Most of the experiments were conducted with 2, 3 and 4 replications. The experiments with 5 replications had high variability. The upper fiducial limits (the yardstick) of CV % at 95% confidence based on non-central ‘t’ distribution were worked out for accepting the results of Bhal and coastal zone crops experiments which emerged as 18%
Copper sulphate immobilized on P(AN-NIPAM-MBAM) terpolymer as a highly efficient catalyst for the selective reduction of nitro-arenes
No full text644-655A new copper sulphate anchored to an acrylonitrile-N-isopropylacrylamide-bisacrylamide based P(AN-NIPAM-MBAM) terpolymer support has been employed as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of varied substituted nitro-arenes affording corresponding amines with excellent yield. Application of hydrogen source from NaBH4 in combination with NaOH under water and/or methanol solvent system at 50-55°C has been investigated. The terpolymer and catalyst have been characterized by ICP-OES, FT-IR, TGA, SEM and EDAX analysis methods. Different parameters supporting chemo-selective hydrogenation such as concentration of NaBH4, TP-CuSO4, assisting base and solvents have been investigated. Controllable vigorous H2 gas evolution, low-temperature requirement, feasibility under air atmosphere, low catalyst loading, use of non-toxic reagents and solvents, high isolated yield, easy work-up procedure, purification without involving tedious column or flash chromatographic separation techniques, makes this protocol highly significant from the implementation point of view
Weather based relationship of adult moth catches of pink bollworm (P. gossypiella) and leaf eating caterpillar (S. litura) in cotton growing area of Anand, Gujarat
No full textThe data pertaining to adult moth catches of pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) and leaf eating caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) recorded for nine years (2006-2014) using the light trap installed at College Agronomy Farm, Anand were analysed in terms of weather parameters obtained from the agrometeorological observatory, Anand. Both the insects were found to be active throughout the year,
however their populations were minimum during April to September. The correlation analysis indicated that the most of the weather parameters had negative and significant association except sunshine hours, which has significant positive correlation. The stepwise regression analysis revealed that wind speed and morning vapour pressure could explain 87 per cent variation in pink bollworm, while wind speed and afternoon vapour pressure could explain 65 per cent variation in leaf eating caterpillar
Enriched soil amendments influenced soil fertility, herbage yield and bioactive principle of medicinal plant (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) grown in two different soils
No full textHigh cost of chemical fertilizers and poor nutrient content in conventional organic sources (manure, compost, charcoal etc.) can be addressed through development of enriched organic amendments. However, there is a need to evaluate enriched organic amendments as a potential alternative of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, an effort was made to prepare enriched organic amendments through blending distillation waste of aromatic plant biomass (DWB) with naturally available low-grade rock phosphate (RP) and waste mica (WM). Enrich compost (ENC) was produced from DWB in a natural composting process, blended with mineral powder, whereas biochar fortified mineral (BFM) was prepared by blending biochar, derived from DWB through hydrothermal reaction, with mineral powder. The main aims of the present study were to investigate the impacts of ENC and BFM applications on soil properties, and herbage yield and quality of a medicinal herb Senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.). The performances of ENC and BFM at two different rates (2.5 and 5 t ha−1) were compared with the application of conventional farmyard manure (FYM, 5 t ha−1) and chemical fertilizers (CF, NPK 60-40-20 kg ha−1) in two different soils in a pot experiment. Both, ENC and EBC improved soil quality and fertility by increasing soil organic carbon, available nutrients, microbial biomass and enzyme activity. The ENC and BFM increased total herbage yields by 21 and 16.3 % compared to FYM. In both soils, the CF treatment produced the maximum dry herbage yields (32.7–37.4 g pot−1), which however were comparable to ENC (31.9–33.7 g pot−1) and BFM (30.7–35.1 g pot−1) treatments. Bioactive compound (sennoside) production in senna was significantly improved by ENC and BFM compared to CF. The present study indicates that ENC and BFM could not only help to overcome the limitation of conventional FYM, but also have the potentials to substitute costly chemical fertilizers, particularly in medicinal plant cultivation
Diagnostic Workup and Therapeutic Intervention of Hiatal Hernias Discovered as Incidental Findings on Computed Tomography
No full textBACKGROUND: Computed tomography imaging routinely detects incidental findings; most research focuses on malignant findings. However, benign diseases such as hiatal hernia also require identification and follow-up. Natural language algorithms can help identify these non-malignant findings. METHODS: Imaging of adult trauma patients from 2010 to 2020 who underwent CT chest/abdomen/pelvis was evaluated using an open-source natural language processor to query for hiatal hernias. Patients who underwent subsequent imaging, endoscopy, fluoroscopy, or operation were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: 1087(10.6%) of 10 299 patients had incidental hiatal hernias: 812 small (74.7%) and 275 moderate/large (25.3%). 224 (20.7%) had subsequent imaging or endoscopic evaluation. Compared to those with small hernias, patients with moderate/large hernias were older (66.3 ± 19.4 vs 79.6 ± 12.6 years, \u3c .001) and predominantly female (403[49.6%] vs 199[72.4%], \u3c .001). Moderate/large hernias were not more likely to grow (small vs moderate/large: 13[7.6%] vs 8[15.1%], = .102). Patients with moderate/large hernias were more likely to have an intervention or referral (small vs moderate/large: 6[3.5%] vs 7[13.2%], = .008). No patients underwent elective or emergent hernia repair. Three patients had surgical referral; however, only one was seen by a surgeon. One patient death was associated with a large hiatal hernia. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a novel utilization of natural language processing to identify patients with incidental hiatal hernia in a large population, and found a 10.6% incidence with only 1.2%. (13/1087) of these receiving a referral for follow-up. While most incidental hiatal hernias are small, moderate/large and symptomatic hernias have high risk of loss-to-follow-up and need referral pipelines to improve patient outcomes
Estimation of Wheat Crop Evapotranspiration from Meteorological Dataset for Anand, India
No full textThe goal of evapotranspiration estimation research is to measure water loss through transpiration and evaporation in order to enable effective management of water resources, enhance irrigation techniques, evaluate the effects of climate change, and support sustainable ecological and agricultural planning. The study was conducted at Regional Research Station (RRS) is located in Anand and part of Anand Agricultural University (AAU) positioned in Middle Gujarat, India. The Penman-Monteith (FAO-PM) method of the Food and Agriculture Organization was used to estimate long-term trends in wheat evapotranspiration in Anand. Monthly and seasonal evapotranspiration for the years 2011 to 2020 was calculated using CROPWAT software. When estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo) using meteorological parameters, the FAO-PM approach was used as it is known for its reliability. Temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, and other ground-based data were gathered from the meteorological observatory and analyzed to calculate ETo and, in turn, crop evapotranspiration (ETc) for wheat while taking crop-specific coefficients (Kc) into account. The monthly evapotranspiration for wheat, as calculated using the FAO-PM method from 2011 to 2020, ranged from 34 to 40 mm in December and 253.7 to 285.2 mm in February. The seasonal ET for the same period varied between 501.2 mm and 561.3 mm. Study concludes that crop has higher water demands during their peak growth stage. Wheat evapotranspiration showed upward trend from 2011 to 2020. The findings provide insight into the relationship between wheat water demand and climatic parameters, temporal fluctuations in ETc, and effective irrigation planning techniques in the face of shifting weather patterns. Recommending the estimation of wheat crop evapotranspiration from a meteorological dataset for Anand using the CROPWAT model is justified because the model efficiently utilizes localized weather data (such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation) to provide accurate and region-specific irrigation planning and water management insights, optimizing agricultural productivity
