1,720,989 research outputs found
Esame critico della legislazione e nuovi parametri di freschezza per l’uovo in guscio
No full textThe paper presents a critical examination of the European legislation on shell egg classification. Eggs are divided in different classes on the basis of some indices which merely consider the outer and inner egg appearance. Among these, the height of the air cell is the only quantifiable parameter for the egg freshness assessment although it may be criticized as it depends on egg weight ad on storage relative humidity, as well as on temperature. Similar criticisms can be done for the Haugh Unit measurement. Based on the chemical and physical modifications occurring in eggs during aging, some new indices are here proposed. Pyroglutamic acid, uridine and furosine, especially, in albumen result as the chemical indices most suitable for freshness assessment. Some rapid methods of analysis are also proposed which do not require a complex apparatus or a high technology laboratory. Among these, a method based on the albumen capacity to link metals and a rapid test for albumen stability to alcool were investigated as possible rapid methods for describing egg freshness. Some tentative limits for class A and A-extra eggs are also given
La furosina come indice di freschezza dell’uovo in guscio
No full textFurosine, an index of the initial steps of Maillard reaction, has been used for the evaluation of shelf-life in UHT milk, and of heat damage in various food products. The aim of this paper was to study furosine as an index for egg freshness. Fresh eggs from different hen breeds and from the market were used to assess analytical method repeatability, to investigate natural variability of furosine content in fresh shell eggs and to study furosine formation during storage at 5, 20, 30, 38 °C. Furosine, which is present in fresh egg albumen at a level of about 10 mg/100 g protein, increased greatly during storage in dependence of temperature while the modification of furosine content in yolk during storage was minimal. When measured in albumen, furosine resulted a very reliable index for egg freshness. Maximum furosine contents of 60 and 90 mg/100 g protein in albumen are suggested for grades A-extra and A eggs, respectively
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A New Bio-Inspired Robot Based on Senseless Motion: Theoretical Study and Preliminary Technological Results
No full textOver the last few years, there has been considerable interest in developing autonomous robots that are able to move in constrained environments, inspired by the motion of lower animal forms such as parasites, worms, insects and even snakes and eels. In this paper, we describe a new design and concept of autonomous microrobot based on senseless motion. The “senseless motion” is the movement in absence of an external perception system. In a lot of living species, rhythmic movements, finalized to locomotion, are produced by oscillating circuits in the central nervous system. We reproduced this motion using a voice-coil actuator embedded with its control hardware in a cylinder presents on its external surface a skate-like structure produces a differential friction in order to move the robot on different substrates. Preliminary experiments have been carried out on several materials in order to measure the frictional forces produced by the robot during its motion and to verify the repeatability of senseless motion
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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