1,721,001 research outputs found
Differential equations and cellular automata models of the growth of cell cultures and transformation foci
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A cellular automata model for the simulation of in vitro carcinogenesis tests
No full textIn vitro tests are very powerful methods to assess the carcinogenic effects of different substances and to study the initial phases of tumor development. A CA model of the formation of transformation foci in cell cultures which are exposed to a carcinogen is presented here, based on known facts about carcinogenesis and about reasonable assumptions, which gives rise to a cell growth dynamics similar to the one experimentally observed. The model can be used to test formal hypotheses about different interfering phenomena and about their relative strengt
THE DIFFUSION OF PERTURBATIONS IN A MODEL OF COUPLED RANDOM BOOLEAN NETWORKS
No full textDeciphering the influence of the interaction among the constituentsof a complex system on the overall behaviour is one of themain goals of complex systems science. The model we present in thiswork is a 2D square cellular automaton whose of each cell is occupiedby a complete random Boolean network. Random Boolean networks area well-known simplified model of genetic regulatory networks and thismodel of interacting RBNs may be therefore regarded as a simplifiedmodel of a tissue or a monoclonal colony. The mechanism of cell-to-cellinteraction is here simulated letting some nodes of a particular networkbeing influenced by the state of some nodes belonging to its neighbouringcells. One possible means to investigate the overall dynamics of acomplex system is studying its response to perturbations. Our analysesfollow this methodological approach. Even though the dynamics of thesystem is far from trivial we could show in a clear way how the interactionaffects the dynamics and the global degree of order
COMUNICAZIONE CELLULARE, LIVELLI E STRUTTURE ORDINATE
No full textLe cellule interagiscono per formare strutture di ordine superiore come colonie monoclonali o tessuti cellulari. Le Reti Booleane Casuali (RBN) possono essere considerate come modello di una cellula isolata ed è dunque di estrema importanza l’analisi della relazione tra la dinamica di una singola RBN e quella di un insieme di reti interagenti. Presentiamo un modello adatto allo scopo: un automa cellulare bidimensionale in cui ogni cella è occupata da una RBN. Il meccanismo di interazione tra le reti dell’automa è ispirato alla comunicazione intercellulare. L’analisi dello stato di ordine del modello può avvenire al livello dell’automa e a quello della singola rete costituente. Si osserva che l’influenza della forza di interazione sul grado di ordine delle RBN non è univoca, in alcuni casi l’ordine è accresciuto, mentre in altri è amplificato il disordine. Sono state individuate tre tipologie di comportamento, al crescere dell’intensità dell’interazione, che appaiono correlate alla dinamica della specifica RBN in assenza di interazione
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
THE SIMULATION OF GENE KNOCK-OUT IN SCALE-FREE RANDOM BOOLEAN MODELS OF GENETIC NETWORKS
No full textThis paper describes the effects of perturbations, which simulatethe knock-out of single genes, one at a time, in random Boolean models ofgenetic networks (RBN). The analysis concentrates on the probability distributionof so-called avalanches (defined in the text) in gene expression. Thetopology of the random Boolean networks considered here is of the scale-freetype, with a power-law distribution of outgoing connectivities. The results forthese scale-free random Boolean networks (SFRBN) are compared with thoseof classical RBNs, which had been previously analyzed, and with experimentaldata on S. cerevisiae. It is shown that, while both models approximatethe main features of the distribution of experimental data, SFRBNs tend tooverestimate the number of large avalanches
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