1,721,217 research outputs found

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Shell microstructure and mineralogy of the mollusc species Anadara uropigimelana (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1827), Tivela stefaninii (Nardini, 1933) and Oliva bulbosa (Röding, 1798)

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    Mollusc shells are composite structures build of crystals of calcium carbonate (calcite, aragonite, or both) and biopolymers, arranged in a great variety of microstructures. Shell formation is affected by environmental and physiological factors and differences in shell microstructures are believed to be of phylogenetic and adaptive biomechanical significance. Here, we performed a detailed characterization and illustration, through SEM and XRD analyses, of the shell microstructure and mineralogy of specimens belonging to the bivalves Anadara uropigimelana (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1827) and Tivela stefaninii (Nardini, 1933), and to the gastropod Oliva bulbosa (Röding, 1798), collected in the Upper Holocene (Meghalayan) HAS1 settlement and in a shell midden in the Khor Rori Archaeological Park (Dhofar, Oman). Specimens of Anadara uropigimelana show an aragonitic shell with an outer crossed lamellar layer, an inner complex crossed lamellar layer and an irregular simple prismatic pallial myostracum; furthermore, periodic bands of dendritic nondenticular composite prisms occur in the outer part of the outer layer, reflecting seasonal changes in water temperatures. Specimens of Tivela stefaninii show an aragonitic shell with an outer composite prismatic layer, a middle crossed lamellar layer and an inner complex crossed lamellar layer, whereas specimens of Oliva bulbosa have an aragonitic shell characterised by an irregular alternation of crossed lamellar layers. With this investigation we aim to provide novel data on the shell fabric of these poorly known mollusc species, increasing the availability of useful characters for phylogenetic, evolutionary, palaeoenvironmental and crystallographic studies

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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