333 research outputs found
Age-related changes in blood pressure twenty-four-hour pattern in normotensive subjects of two populations
No full textOBJECTIVES: This study investigates the systolic (S) and diastolic (D) blood pressure (BP) 24-h pattern in normotensive healthy subjects belonging to two populations characterized respectively by a "non-salt culture" (Italian subjects) and a "salt culture" (Japanese subjects) in their dietary salt intake (4-6 g/day in Italians vs 10-12 g/day in Japanese). The comparison was performed by taking into consideration the within-day variability (WDV) and circadian rhythmicity (CR) of BP with respect to age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects investigated were 862 normotensive healthy subjects (308 Italians and 554 Japanese), stratified by age from 16 to 75 years, who volunteered for a noninvasive BP monitoring in an ordinary day of their life. The SBP and DBP time series were analyzed via conventional parametric statistics as well as chronobiological procedures. RESULTS: The biometric estimates demonstrate that BP changes in its WDV and CR as a function of age in both populations. Despite the difference in their habitual salt intake, the age-related changes in BP WDV and CR result to be almost comparable at the cross-sectional contrasts, giving origin to age-related trends for SBP and DBP which are significantly parallel. CONCLUSIONS: The comparability of BP WDV and CR in the two populations with a substantial difference in salt intake suggests that the normotensive status in human races is realized despite the difference in their habitual salt intake. This implies the ancestral development of mechanism(s) of adaptation to the possible "sodium luxus consumption". Although the adaptive mechanisms which provide a normotensive regimen under different conditions of sodium intake are almost unexplored, the racial adaptation to dietary salt constitutes, however, the initial condition for the cause-effect nexus between dietary salt intake and hypertension in human populations
A perspectiva da criança sobre sua trajetória no processo de adoção
No full textA prática da adoção sofreu diversas mudanças desde a época da colonização no Brasil. A principal legislação que marcou o processo de adoção garantindo os direitos das crianças e adolescentes foi o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA). No entanto, a adoção ainda apresenta mitos e preconceitos que contribuem para o maior tempo desses sujeitos dentro das instituições de acolhimento. Muitos estudos apresentam essas problemáticas, mas poucos abordam sobre a perspectiva da criança referente ao seu processo de adoção. Para tanto, o presente estudo tem por objetivo conhecer a percepção da criança acerca de seu processo de adoção. A pesquisa é exploratória e seguiu a metodologia qualitativa. Foram participantes do estudo quatro crianças na faixa etária de seis a dez anos que passaram pelo processo de adoção e estão morando com suas famílias há mais de quatro meses. Como instrumentos de pesquisa foram utilizados um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada e a elaboração conjunta com as crianças de um álbum da história de vida da criança. Em função das restrições sociais impostas pela pandemia Covid19, o contato com as crianças se deu de forma remota, online por meio de plataformas virtuais acessíveis às crianças. Os resultados encontrados indicaram as percepções do ponto de vista da criança acerca da sua adoção e frente às mudanças de ambiente de moradia e escolar, tais como suas rotinas e vivências dentro desses ambientes
Walking Function of Postoperative Femoral Neck Fracture Patients and its Prediction: A Study of Patients Who Were Difficult to Rehabilitate because of Mental Illness
No full textHelicobacter pylori infection appears essential for stomach carcinogenesis: Observations in Semarang, Indonesia
No full textThe gastric cancer incidence in Semarang, Indonesia, is exceedingly low: only approximately 1/100th of the level in Japan. To elucidate the reason, we carried out an ecological study recruiting 69 male and 102 female participants from the general populace in January 2005. Positive urea breath tests were 0% for both men and women, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) IgG antibodies were found in 2% (0–5, 95% confidence interval) of men and 2% (0–4) of women, significantly lower than the 62% (58–65) and 57% (53–60), respectively, in Japan. Furthermore, there were no positive findings with the pepsinogen tests in Semarang, again significant in comparison with the 23% (22–25) and 22% (20–23) in Japan. Variation in smoking levels and consumption of NaCl, vegetables and fruit were found, but not to an extent that would allow explanation of the major differences in gastric cancer incidence. We may conclude that the very low prevalence of H. pylori infection and thus chronic atrophic gastritis account for the rarity of stomach cancer in Semarang, Indonesia. (Cancer Sci 2005; 96: 873–875
Metabolic acidemia due to saline absorption during transurethral and transcervical surgery: a report of 2 cases
No full textAbstract Background The development of endoscopic systems that include bipolar electrocautery has enabled the use of normal saline irrigation in transurethral or transcervical endoscopic surgery. However, excessive saline absorption can cause hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Case presentation Patient 1: A 76-year-old man was scheduled for transurethral resection of the prostate with saline irrigation. Approximately 140 min after the surgery, abdominal distension and cervical edema were observed. Abdominal ultrasound examination indicated a subhepatic hypoechoic lesion, which suggested extravasation of saline. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The patient was extubated 2 h after the operation with no subsequent airway problems, and the electrolyte imbalance was gradually corrected. Patient 2: A 43-year-old woman was scheduled for transcervical resection of a uterine fibroid with saline irrigation. When the drape was removed after the operation was finished, notable upper extremity edema was observed. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The patient’s acidemia, electrolyte imbalance, and neck edema gradually resolved, and the patient was extubated 16 h after the operation without subsequent airway problems. Conclusions Anesthesiologists should be aware of acidemia, cardiopulmonary complications, and airway obstruction caused by excessive saline absorption after saline irrigation in endoscopic surgery
What Gesell wished, Hellbrugge accomplished: Chronomics of child development
No full textThe meeting here summarized was organized in behalf of Theodor Hellbrügge, the founder of social pediatrics, who started in the early 1950s what became chronobiology and chronomics. He and his school described the circadian rhythm in many biological functions, such as body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, peak expiratory flow, and the response of patients treated by corticosteroids and other drugs. Elsewhere, we reviewed the significance of chronobiology for human development and outline some tasks for further research and for prehabilitation. The recognition of invisible disease risks by physiological monitoring and the computer-aided resolution of time structures, chronomes, for this purpose and many others, basic and applied, is the task of pediatric chronomics, that complement chronobiology as genomics and proteomics complement genetics
A retrospective survey of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes for parturients with congenital heart disease
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