19,733 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Mission and the Bottom Line: Performance Incentives in a Multigoal Organization
No full textGiné, Xavier, Mansuri, Ghazala, and Shrestha, Slesh A., (2022) “Mission and the Bottom Line: Performance Incentives in a Multigoal Organization.” Review of Economics and Statistics 104:4, 748–763
Fearless: Sneha Shrestha
No full textSneha Shrestha ’10, a native to Kathmandu, Nepal, recently received an Advancing Leaders Fellowship from World Learning for her fearless project. With it, she aims to provide a creative outlet for art and culture among young people in Nepal through the Kathmandu Children’s Art Museum (KCAM). This project will support a creative learning space for children as well as an opportunity for them to express themselves and investigate their own culture through art. [excerpt
Software Engineering Podcast - Aditi Shrestha
No full textAditi Shrestha describes her project of creating an algorithm to solve the Salesman problem using Jupyter Notebook on a Raspberry Pi cluster
Shrestha et al_J Ecol_Nepali species_MAD_minAD data
No full textMetrics of fit between the inflection points of a floral reflectance spectrum and the hue discrimination optima of honey bee vision. For description of the metrics and details of the calculation, see the Supporting Information file of Shrestha et al., Journal of Ecology, or Shrestha et al. (2012) New Phytologist 198:301-310
Surveys dataset of Local Indicators of Climate Change Impacts in Laprak, Nepal
No full textQuantitative dataset of the Site 'Laprak' collected by Uttam Shrestha in Nepal. This dataset was collected in the context of the ERC funded project: LICCI - Local Indicators of Climate Change Impacts (The contribution of local knowledge to climate change research). It includes the 2st - quantitative part of a 2 part dataset. Quantitative data collection includes household-level surveys with up to 125 randomly selected households and individual-level surveys of up to 175 individuals chosen by convenience sampling. More information on the project at https://licci.e
Qualitative dataset of Local Indicators of Climate Change Impacts in Laprak, Nepal
No full textQualitative dataset of the Site 'Laprak' collected by Uttam Shrestha in Nepal. This dataset was collected in the context of the ERC funded project: LICCI - Local Indicators of Climate Change Impacts (The contribution of local knowledge to climate change research). It includes the 1st - qualitative part of a 2 part dataset Qualitative data collection involves first conducting semi-structured interviews to gather community insights, followed by using focus group discussions to validate and identify new observations. More information on the project at https://licci.e
Effect of iodine and iron supplementation on physical, psychomotor and mental development in primary school children in Malawi
No full textPrimary school children (n = 424) from the Ntcheu District, Malawi, aged 6 - 8 years, were selected for a double-blind placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of iodine and iron supplementation on physical, psychomotor and mental development. After the baseline measurements were carried out, children were given a single dose of iodized oil (1 mL Lipiodol®; 490 mg I) or placebo and daily doses of iron (ferrous sulphate, 60 mg of Fe) or placebo on weekdays (February-July and October- November 1991).The anthropometric measurements included height, weight, mid-upper arm cicumference (MUAC), and four skinfolds while indicators of physical stamina included lung function, hand grip and sitting and standing ability. The psychomotor development tests were pegboard, ball throwing, tapping and reaction time tasks. The mental development tests included fluency and exclusion as a measure of fluid intelligence; quantity and verbal meaning to evaluate crystallized intelligence and visual memory and closure tests to measure perceptual skills. Baseline data were collected from October 1990 to January 1991 and the final tests and measurements were carried out in October-November 1991.The initial iodine and iron status was established by measuring the concentration of iodine in urine and of hemoglobin in blood. About 86% of children had urinary iodine concentrations below 0.4 μmol/L indicating moderate iodine deficiency while 18% of children had hemoglobin levels below 110 g/L which is the cut-off point for indicating anemia. Measurement of iodine in urine three months after supplementation showed a normal level of urinary iodine. After one year, the level had dropped to the baseline value. The change in haemoglobin could not be measured due to objections from the parents in obtaining further blood samples. About 27% of children were stunted while 2% were wasted when measured at both time points.One year after supplementation, the four treatment groups did not grow differentially indicating no effect of iodine or iron supplementation on physical growth. The iodinetreated group scored higher in tests of physical stamina as measured by sitting-standing and hand grip. The iodine treated group also significantly improved scores on the ball throwing exercise indicating an improvement in eye-hand coordination. No changes were noticed on reaction time, movement time and tapping indicating no effect of iodine on speed, dexterity and manual-motor coordination. The iron-treated group showed improvement only in eyehand coordination tests. No improvements were seen in other psychomotor tests.Subjects in all four groups improved their scores on all mental development tests. The analysis of the placebo group indicated a considerable learning effect especially in fluency. Detailed analysis were conducted based upon the differential improvement when compared with the placebo group during the final test. The iodine-treated groups showed a large improvement in fluid intelligence measured by the fluency and exclusion tests. This component of intelligence measures reasoning, classification and fluency. Perceptual skills, as measured by visual memory and closure, also improved considerably in the iodine-treated group. Crystallized intelligence, as measured by quantity and verbal meaning, was also improved in the iodine-treated group but to a lesser extent than fluid intelligence. Crystallized intelligence is associated with word meaning, factual knowledge, short termmemory and decision making. These skills are closely associated with the classroom environment.In the iron-treated group, a significant improvement was noted only in fluid intelligence and in the quantity test, a component of crystallized intelligence. No significant interaction of iodine and iron was noted. However, combined supplementation with iodine and iron sometimes resulted in an additive effect.It has been shown in several studies in which iodine has been administered to mothers prior to pregnancy or during gestation that iodine supplementation reduces spontaneous abortion and stillbirths and improves the birth weight, and the mental and psychomotor performance of children. Previous studies in which children have been supplemented with iodine have not been able to demonstrate unequivocally that such supplementation affects mental or psychomotor development. In the present study we were able to demonstrate that iodine supplementation to children as old as 6-8 yr could improve mental and psychomotor development. The present study also demonstrates that iodine supplementation was more effective than iron supplementation in the population studied but the low prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in children could have been responsible for such an outcome.Concerning supplementation with iron, several previous studies have indicated that correction of iron deficiency early in infancy tends to improve psychomotor and mental development more than when the correction takes place in later life. In the present study, supplementation with iron was found to improve eye-hand coordination and fluid intelligence which justify prevention and control of iron-deficiency anemia in infants and children as soon as such a problem is detected.An important finding from the perspective of planners is that 490 mg oral iodine may be inadequate to provide sufficient iodine for one year as indicated by the measurement of urinary iodine excretion. In iodine-deficient areas where provision of iodized salt is not available, the provision of iodized oil capsules could be an attractive alternative provided that the dosing schedule is adequate
Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding breast cancer among college students in Nepal.
No full textSalina Shrestha- Bogati
Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding breast cancer among college students in Nepal.
57 p., 5 appendices
May, 2020
Diaconia University of Applied Sciences
Master´s Degree Programme in Global Health Care
Master of Healthcare
The purpose of this thesis was to find out the knowledge, attitudes and practices of breast cancer among college students in Nepal. The aim of this study was the student benefits from the awareness programme that was provided during the thesis process and to improve their knowledge of breast cancer.
The quantitative research methodology was used in this thesis. Survey questionnaires were used as a research instrument. There were altogether 86 female students and 29 male students participated in data collection process. Thirty-one closed ended questions along with demographic profile were formulated to gather data. The questions were divided into 5 subtypes: knowledge regarding breast cancer, screening practices of breast cancer, seeking behaviour, sources of breast cancer information and attitude re-garding breast cancer. A survey questionnaire was distributed to the students and data were collected. An awareness programme was conducted and post data were collected to evaluate the difference in knowledge level of students. Data were analysed quantitatively using SPSS software. Data were analysed in terms of frequencies, percentages, Pearson’s correlation test and T-test analysis for different categorical variables.
The knowledge level of female participants regarding breast cancer in pre data was found to be poor level which increased to very good level after awareness programme. Similarly, screening practices were found to be poor level in pre-test results and after the awareness programme, it was increased to excellent level. Only 9% participants were performing breast self-examination for the reason that the participants did not know exactly how to perform it. The Ttest, p=0.0001 denotes there was significant increase in knowledge level post awareness programme. The knowledge level of male participant was at good level. All male participants responded that they supports women with breast cancer and almost all responded that breast cancer patients should be cared and support by the family and community.
The students had poor knowledge level regarding breast cancer. Only few students knew about breast self-examination and were performing correctly. This shows that the people in Nepal are still lacking knowledge regarding breast cancer, hence high mortality rate from breast cancer compared to developed countries. The simple steps of educating women about awareness regarding breast cancer can help them detect breast cancer early and have optimal survival rates with cancer treatment.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Awareness, Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
The way ahead for London’s bus priority at traffic signals
No full textLondon has a long history of successful schemes for bus priority at traffic signals. Recently, Transport for London (TfL) has procured a modern automatic vehicle location (AVL) system for bus fleet management, passenger information and bus priority. The new system is known as iBUS and is based on global positioning system (GPS) and supporting technologies for bus location. The system eliminates the need for on-street hardware for detecting buses and provides more flexibility and opportunity for using bus detectors. However, bus location based on this system is less accurate than location based on fixed infrastructure (e.g. beacons) and could result in reduced benefits from bus priority. This paper first summarises how bus priority at traffic signals works within iBUS, and then explores the effects of GPS locational errors on bus priority benefits. This is followed by a discussion of opportunities available in the context of iBUS to build an even more efficient and beneficial bus priority system by taking advantage of its cost-effective multiple detection capabilities. The paper is based on various studies carried out by the Transportation Research Group (TRG) at the University of Southampton for TfL
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