542 research outputs found
Intracerebral immune response in naturally occurring listeric encephalitis of small ruminants
No full textTowards Inquiry-Based Learning in Spatial Development and Heritage Conservation: A Workshop at Corviale, Rome
No full textSituated local knowledge and co-evolutionary processes overtake certitude and formal planning, challenging the way (cultural) heritage is produced in terms of both space and knowledge. This article contributes to the debate surrounding planning education and research by exploring the potential of inquiry-based learning (IBL) in spatial development and heritage conservation. The main argument is that the IBL format presented herein enables interaction and cooperation between various groups and their diverse sets of knowledge. To that end, the IBL approach was implemented both through project work and by creating a specific learning environment encompassing theory, exhibition, places, and people, and in which a research process was realised by students through iteration and reflection. The contribution systematises the results of a 2021 workshop held in Venice and Rome, including at the Corviale housing complex (Rome). In seeking to respond to the title-theme of the Venice Biennale, How will we live together?, initial evidence shows that educational activities stemming from clear research questions and “embedded” ways of inquiry-based learning present remarkable opportunities for participants to improve their ability to navigate into fragile and uncertain futures of the territory, engaging students in a wider process of knowledge-building
haploinsufficiency in a Holstein cattle with epilepsy
No full textIn this study, epilepsy with focal seizures progressing to generalized seizures was diagnosed in a 6-month-old Holstein heifer. The seizures were characterized by a brief pre-ictal phase with depression and vocalization. During the ictal phase eyelid spasms, tongue contractions, nodding and abundant salivation were observed, rapidly followed by a convulsive phase with bilateral tonic, clonic or tonic-clonic activity and loss of consciousness. Finally, during the postictal phase the heifer was obtunded and disorientated, unable to perceive obstacles and hypermetric, and pressed its head against objects. In the inter-seizure phase, the heifer was clinically normal. Neuropathology revealed axonal degeneration in the brainstem and diffuse astrocytic hypertrophic gliosis. Whole genome sequencing of the affected heifer identified a private heterozygous splice-site variant in DYRK1B (NM_001081515.1: c.-101-1G>A), most likely resulting in haploinsufficiency owing to loss-of-function. This represents a report of a DYRK1B-associated disease in cattle and adds DYRK1B to the candidate genes for epilepsy
Immunohistochemical evaluation of heat shock protein expression in normal canine nerve and peripheral nerve sheath tumours
No full textAbnormal expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) has been observed in many human neoplasms and such expression has prognostic, predictive and therapeutic implications. The aim of this study was to evaluate immunohistochemically the expression of HSP 27, HSP 32 and HSP 90 in normal canine peripheral nerves and infour benign and 15 malignant canine peripheral nerve sheath tumours (PNSTs). In normal nerve, all of the HSPs were detected in axons, epineurial fibroblasts and scattered Schwann cell bodies. Cytoplasmic expression of HSP 27 was more widespread and intense in benign PNSTs compared with malignant PNSTs (P<0.05). Widespread and intense nuclear expression of HSP 32 was also associated with benign tumours (P<0.01),while high HSP 90 immunoreactivity was detected in all tumours, suggesting that HSP 90 might represent a new therapeutic target
Heat shock protein expression in canine peripheral nerve sheath tumours
No full textIntroduction: Abnormal levels of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) have been observed in many human neoplasms, demonstrating both prognostic and therapeutic implications. Since information concerning HSP expression in peripheral nerve sheath tumours (PNST) are limited, the aim of this study was to evaluate their expression in canine PNST, in order to investigate their potential prognostic and/or therapeutic value. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical expression and localization of Hsp27, Hsp32 and Hsp90 were evaluated in 4 benign PNST, 15 malignant PNST and normal peripheral nerves of canine species. A semi-quantitative method was used for the analysis of the results. Results: In normal tissue, expression of all investigated HSPs was detected in axons, epineurial fibroblasts and scattered Schwann cells. In benign PNST, all HSPs showed a diffuse, moderate to intense cytoplasmic and nuclear immmunoreactivity, with prevalence of nuclear signal for Hsp32. In malignant PNST, Hsp27 immunolabelling was reduced in both intensity and percentage of positive cells; Hsp32 exhibited high percentage of positivity in the most of tumour samples, characterized by predominant cytoplasmic localization and presence of scattered more intensely labelled tumour cells; Hsp90 showed an intense and diffuse immunosignal in all cases. Conclusion: These results demonstrate different expression patterns of Hsp27 and Hsp32 in benign and malignant PNST. In addition, high immunoreactivity of Hsp90 detected in all tumour cases suggest that this protein can represent a potential molecular target for therapy of this kind of tumours, as also recently hypothesized for the human counterpart
Comparative spatiotemporal analysis of the intrathecal immune response in natural listeric rhombencephalitis of cattle and small ruminants
No full textThis study examined the spatiotemporal immune response in listeric rhombencephalitis of ruminants in situ. Our data support the view that astrocytes facilitate the containment of infectious lesions. Results on the natural disease recapitulate observations in experimental rodent models and suggest that the mounted adaptive lymphocytic response of ruminants is effective in eliminating Listeria monocytogenes (LM). However, our data indicate earlier participation of the adaptive immune response, a stronger B lymphocyte contribution and a more protracted macrophage infiltration in the natural disease than it has been deduced from experimental models. Therefore, such models should be complemented by studies in natural host systems. Various macrophage and microglia subsets are involved in listeric rhombencephalitis and their differential contribution may account for species differences in clinical course and outcome of infection as might species differences in the B-cell response. Future functional ex vivo and in vitro studies are necessary to further investigate the findings obtained in the present study
Lawsonia intracellularis proliferative enteropathy in a filly
No full textProliferative enteropathy (PE) caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis is a disease of high economic impact in swine worldwide. In most other species the disease occurs as a sporadic infection. This paper reports a PE caused by L. intracellularis in a 9-month-old Pura Raza Española filly with a history of profuse diarrhoea. Pathological lesions consisted of a severe proliferative enteritis associated with argyrophilic bacteria in the apical cytoplasm of proliferating crypt epithelium. Characteristic PCR products confirmed the presumptive diagnosis of L. intracellularis infection. To our knowledge this is the first report of PE in a horse in Europe caused by L. intracellularis
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