1,926 research outputs found
Design and implementation of a low-latency origin and relay for media-over-quic transport
No full textThe Media-over-QUIC Transport (MOQT) is an emerging application-layer protocol designed for low-latency media ingestion and distribution. It is applicable in both browser scenarios (i.e., HTTP/3WebTransport) and non-browser settings (i.e., raw QUIC) and geared towards diverse applications, including live streaming, cloud gaming, remote desktop, video conferencing and eSports. One of the primary goals of MOQT is to allow implementers to develop a highly scalable low-latency media delivery solution. This research delves into exploring the design and implementation of a Media-over-QUIC origin and relay
Doubled haploid sugar beet: An integrated view of factors influencing the processes of gynogenesis and chromosome doubling
No full textFirst record of the Guppy (Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859) in inlandwaters of Turkey
No full textTURKMEN, GUREL/0000-0002-2683-6258The ever-increasing global trade of ornamental aquarium fishes is one of the most important pathways for aquatic invasion. Occurrence of ornamental freshwater fishes in natural freshwaters has been increasing in recent years. the ornamental trade accounts for a limited but steadily growing proportion of fish introductions to Turkish inlandwaters. in this study, Guppy, Poecilia reticulata, is recorded for the first time from natural inlandwaters of Turkey. P. reticulata was probably released into the wild, but is now established in aquifer of Cesme-Ildir (Izmir)
The evolving role of fetuin‐a in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An overview from liver to the heart
No full textNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated to the features of metabolic syndrome which can progress to cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. How-ever, the most common cause of mortality in people with NAFLD is not liver‐related but stems from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The prevalence of NAFLD is on the rise, mainly as a consequence of its close association with two major worldwide epidemics, obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The exact pathogenesis of NAFLD and especially the mechanisms leading to disease progression and CVD have not been completely elucidated. Human fetuin‐A (alpha‐2‐Heremans Schmid glycoprotein), a glycoprotein produced by the liver and abundantly secreted into the circulation appears to play a role in insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and inflammation. This review discusses the links between NAFLD and CVD by specifically focusing on fetuin‐A’s function in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and atherosclerotic CVD
Elucidating Prostate Cancer Immunopathology and Immunogenomics Utilizing Computational Analyses of Digital Imaging
No full textProstate Cancer (PCa) is a prominent non-cutaneous malignancy in men in developed countries, necessitating effective treatments. Chronic inflammation is a key factor in PCa pathogenesis and progression, involving a multifaceted interplay between inflammation, genetic aberrations, and the tumour microenvironment. Heightened cellular regeneration due to inflammation-induced DNA damage raises mutation risk, while inflammation fosters angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), contributing to tumour growth and possible immune evasion.
This study investigated the intricate landscape in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) using single-stain CD3 Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Hyperplex Immunofluorescence (IF), and AI-assisted image analysis. Screening of 360 hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and 465 CRPC samples revealed considerable inflammation, challenging the perception of PCa as a 'cold' tumour. Notably, distinctive spatial patterns of CD3+ cell distribution across the tumour-stroma interface in CRPC positively correlated with patient survival.
I identified diffuse and nodular patterns of CD3+ inflammation, with nodular inflammation implying worse survival outcomes and potentially indicating immature tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) fostering an immunosuppressive environment. Hyperplex IF data from a smaller CRPC cohort highlighted different immune responses in inflamed tumours. Analysis across the tumour-stroma interface identified two immune reaction types: one characterised by high, diffuse inflammation and a variety of immune cells, and the other by B cells, MDSCs, and naïve CD8 cells forming nodules, suggestive of nascent immature TLSs. Mature TLSs correlated with increased inflammation and proliferation of immune cells.
These observations suggest that diffuse inflammation and mature TLSs may indicate NLRP3 inflammasome activation, while immature TLSs might reflect the Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). This enhanced understanding of the CRPC immune microenvironment is pivotal for optimising immunotherapy.
In summary, this study elucidates the complex immune microenvironment in CRPC, proposing an innovative understanding of its role in disease progression and identifying potential biomarkers to enhance treatment efficacy. These insights have implications for patient selection and monitoring in immune checkpoint inhibition therapy, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes in prostate cancer treatment
THE POTTERY OF SOUTHERN CAPPADOCIA: PRELIMINARY PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSES OF SHERDS FROM NORTHERN TYANIS
No full textBetween 2006 and 2009 the University of Pavia carried out archaeological survey in Southern Cappadocia.
Despite the historical, archaeological and geological importance of the region, a few studies
have been performed until the present days. More than 30 sites were explored, covering a time span of
around 7000 years, from the Early Chalcolithic down to the Middle ages. The sites are scattered on an
extended area within the province of Niğde (around 800 km2) consisting of the south-eastern slopes of
the Melendiz vulcans and the adjoining alluvial plain.
Ceramic fragments were collected on the surface from all the sites, for a total of over 1300 diagnostic
shards. A systematic study of the ceramic fabric of each diagnostic shard has been performed by means
of a light microscope with stereo vision (binocular microscope), with the aim of characterizing the material
features (texture, sorting, rounding, shape, abundance, grain size, nature of the inclusions). Several
compositional groups were thus defined, on the basis of the mineralogical association of inclusions (minerals
and rock fragments) or the presence of organic temper (plant fibres), some provenance attributes
were identified; this is the main result of the microscope analysis. A set of 54 thin sections was realized,
in order to improve the petrographic knowledge of the most representative groups.
On the basis of the nature of the aplastic inclusions and their petrographic and mineralogical associations,
two main compositional domains are recognised: one shows a predominant crystalline composition,
the other a peculiar volcanic composition. The first domain seems to connect the production to the
Niğde Massif, that is a member of the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC), and extends on the
eastern part of the Tyanis plain. The second one pertains to the Cappadocian Volcanic Province (CVP),
extending to the northwestern part of the plain.
A good fit between some petrographic groups and the chronological attribution of shards emerges by
crossing both ceramological and material data, indicating that from the Late Bronze Age (LBA), along
the Iron Age (IA), down to the Hellenistic-Roman period (HR), clay sources used for pottery production
were located in the CACC. This is taken as a clue for a regional organization of pottery production during
this long period, and is possibly connected to the role played by the main centre of the region along this
timespan: LBA Tuwanuwa, IA Tuwana, and HR Tyana
The congested multicommodity network design problem
No full textThis paper studies a version of the fixed-charge multicommodity network design problem where in addition to the traditional costs of flow and design, congestion at nodes is explicitly considered. The problem is initially modeled as a nonlinear integer programming formulation and two solution approaches are proposed: (i) a reformulation of the problem as a mixed integer second order cone program to optimally solve the problem for small to medium scale problem instances, and (ii) an evolutionary algorithm using elements of iterated local search and scatter search to provide upper bounds. Extensive computational results on new benchmark problem instances and on real case data, are presented
Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Based Biosensors
No full textScientific andTechnological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [MFAG-114F453]H.H. Gurel acknowledgesThe Scientific andTechnological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, Grant Number: MFAG-114F453), for financial support.Graphene became the first2D(two-dimensional) nanostructurewhichwas discovered in 2004. After the synthesis of graphene revealed its unique properties, researchers set out to discover new 2D nanomaterials: Phosphorene is one of the new 2D nanomaterials. It can be described as a counterpart of graphene. Like graphene, it has excellent biocompatibility and unique properties making phosphorene very suitable for biosensing applications. Two forms of phosphorene, which are called as BP (Black Phosphorene) and BuP (Blue Phosphorene), have been demonstrated by both experimental and theoretical studies. BuP possesses a buckled honeycomb lattice, whereas BP exhibits a puckered non-planar structure. There is nowincreasing interest in the unique biological and medical properties of these 2D materials. Our main focus is on the interaction between DNA/RNA nucleobases (NB) and monolayer graphene/phosphorene. Better understanding of the interaction between DNA/RNA nucleobases with these 2D surfaces will provide a better understanding of the same interaction mechanisms for amino acids, peptides and proteins. According to both experimental and theoretical studies, the interactions of biomolecules and 2D materials are long-ranged and very weak. Considering the nature of this interaction, it is very important to focus on vdW (Van der Waals) interactions. The application of some external mechanisms, such as charging, can modify the strength of binding. In this work, the binding mechanism of DNA/RNA nucleobases on 2D monolayer graphene/phosphorene has been studied using the DFT (Density Functional Theory) formalism including vdW-DF2 scheme. In this chapter, we report on the trends of the binding energies and on the effects of the charging on the structural and electronic properties of the graphene/phosphorene nucleobases systems. The results presented in this study will be useful for advances in biosensing applications
Better than my past self: temporal comparison raises children’s pride without triggering superiority goals
No full textWestern societies offer children many opportunities for downward social comparisons (i.e., comparing oneself favorably to others). Such comparisons make children feel proud of themselves, but could inadvertently trigger a desire to be superior to others. How can children be made to feel proud without triggering a desire for superiority? We hypothesized that downward temporal comparisons (i.e., comparing one’s current self favorably to one’s past self) can make children feel proud and give them a sense of insight and progress, without triggering a desire for superiority. We randomly assigned 583 children (Mage = 11.65, SD = 1.92) to engage in social comparisons (downward or upward), temporal comparisons (downward or upward), or no comparison. As hypothesized, downward social and temporal comparisons both made children feel proud, but only temporal comparisons did so without triggering superiority goals. Relative to social comparisons, temporal comparisons gave children a sense of progress and insight. These comparison effects were similar across middle-to-late childhood (ages 8-10), early adolescence (ages 11-13), and middle adolescence (ages 14-16). Collectively, our findings suggest that social comparisons contribute a competitive interpersonal orientation marked by a desire for superiority. Temporal comparisons, in contrast, shift children’s goals away from being better than others toward being better than their own past selves
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