1,910 research outputs found
Ecologia. Prima edizione Italiana condotta sulla III edizione di lingua inglese a cura di Antonietta Fioretto
No full textFrancesco Corna da Soncino, Fioretto (scheda n. 201)
No full textDescrizione e illustrazione storico-culturale dei manoscritti Vat. lat. 10228 e Marc. Lat. IX 364 (7167), noche' della edizione Corna Francesco, Fioretto, Venezia, Giorgio de’ Rusconi, 1515 (Mantova, Biblioteca Teresiana, Inc. 1279/1
SGLT2 Inhibitors and the Clinical Implications of Associated Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
No full textIntroduction: The obesity epidemic is closely linked to the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Body weight reduction remains an important challenge in patients with T2D, as it requires changing their overall metabolic control. Of all glucose-lowering therapies, only sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) consistently result in weight improvement. Moreover, the same two classes have important cardiovascular and renal benefits. We summarize the key available information related to the weight loss effect of SGLT2is in T2D, focusing on the unexploited potential of these drugs. Methods: Data on weight change with SGLT2is in patients with T2D were extracted from published cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs). A discussion on patient perspectives about weight change is based on key preclinical and clinical trials, meta-analyses, and reviews and is supplemented by the authors’ clinical judgment and research experience in the field. Results: SGLT2is have a unique mode of action resulting in caloric loss through glycosuria. The anticipated weight loss with SGLT2is is not reflected in clinical trial results. There is a discrepancy between the magnitude of improvement in glycemic control and the weight loss, cardiovascular, and renal benefits obtained in large clinical trials. Conclusion: The relationships between the magnitude of weight loss, improvement in glycemic control, and cardiorenal benefits with SGLT2i are still unclear. Potential mechanisms other than simple glycemic efficacy should be revealed and explained. Better weight control may be achieved if adequately intensive lifestyle changes are implemented and monitored in the T2D population treated with SGLT2is
Anatomy of succulence and CAM in 15 species of Senecio.
No full textThe ability of some species of the genus Senecio to perform Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in plants growing both under controlled conditions and outdoors and the anatomy of their photosynthesizing organs, leaves, and/or stems were investigated. The studied species differed in leaf morphology and in degrees of leaf and stem succulence. Malate accumulation differed with environmental conditions. The carbon isotope ratio d13C indicated that, in most of the species, the C3 carboxylation pathway was operating, although malate fluctuations indicated that CAM cycling occurred. In some species, carbon isotope ratios ranged between C3 and C4 values, indicating switching of photosynthetic pathways. Only two leafless species that were apparently obligate CAM species had a d13C typical of plants assimilating CO2 through the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase pathway
About This Book
No full textIl libro nasce nell’ambito del progetto “Dialogues of UNESCO Chairs: a laboratory of ideas for the world to come” e presenta una raccolta di risultati della ricca discussione sui temi della sostenibilità che era stata avviata in quel contesto. L’idea iniziale di “Dialogues” era quella di invitare ciascuna delle Cattedre UNESCO italiane a realizzare un webinar per un ciclo di conversazioni online sulla sostenibilità, attraverso cui affrontare la polifonia dei temi, degli approcci, dei punti di vista disciplinari delle Cattedre UNESCO italiane sulle complesse e urgenti sfide globali del nostro tempo. Con Il ciclo di webinar, che si è tenuto tra maggio e settembre 2021, le Cattedre UNESCO italiane hanno esplorato molti temi e aspetti della contemporaneità, osservandola alla luce dello sviluppo sostenibile. Il libro raccoglie gran parte dei contenuti del ciclo di webinar e si propone di lasciare traccia della ricchezza del dialogo avviato. In quasi tutti i contributi emerge un’attenzione al coinvolgimento delle comunità locali e allo sviluppo locale, si sottolinea l’importanza strategica delle risorse umane e del capitale umano, si punta sulla partecipazione dal basso, si incoraggiano inclusione e dialogo. Emerge inoltre, in molti testi, la testimonianza di un lavoro di laboratorio delle Cattedre UNESCO, con sperimentazione sul campo, dove la ricerca scientifica produce un circuito virtuoso tra analisi, progettazione e ricadute sui territori. Si evidenzia anche l’impegno costante nel creare circuiti efficaci tra ricerca, formazione e divulgazione. Inoltre, il lavoro delle Cattedre UNESCO implementa ambienti di ricerca e oggetti di indagine e progetti inter-nazionali che coinvolgono più Paesi e più continenti, come emerge nei diversi contributi raccolti nel libro
Antihypertensive treatment and multifactorial approach for renal protection in diabetes
No full textType 2 diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions throughout the world, representing the most common cause of ESRD. Early identification of renal impairment associated with diabetes and initiation of renoprotective therapy are imperative. High BP, dyslipidemia, long duration of diabetes, and poor glycemic control are important risk factors; their modification, renal function monitoring, and combined therapies are the current integrated approaches to treat patients with diabetic kidney disease. Strong evidence suggests that achieving target BP goals via inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system confers significant renal protection for diabetic patients. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers lower BP and reduce both the progression of renal damage and adverse cardiovascular events; some important renoprotective actions seem to be independent of the antihypertensive effect. Stringent quality of glycemic control is another key point to prevent onset of nephropathy or slow its progression. Evidence from basic research and clinical trials indicates that hypolipidemic drugs, mainly statins, contribute to modulate the progression of renal damage in diabetes; their use should be considered in any patient with diabetes. Smoking cessation may slow nephropathy progression; given the additional health benefits of stopping smoking, this advice is an important part of the strategy of diabetic nephropathy treatment and prevention. In conclusion, a target-driven, long-term, intensified intervention aimed at multiple risk factors should be recommended in patients with diabetes to preserve their kidney function
Nitrogen mineralization in southern beech forests.
No full textNitrogen mineralization has been studied in the slightly acidic brown earth on limestone of a beech stand and a beech-fir stand, in the forests of Monte Taburno (Campania Apennines). NH4 is the predominant form of the mineral N in the soil of both stands. Yearly NO3- production is 42.4 kg ha-1 in the beech stand and 47.0 kg ha-1 in the beech-fir stand.-from Author
Denitrification potential of beech soils as influenced by the seasonal cycle.
No full textThe potential for nitrification is appreciable throughout the whole seasonal cycle, but nitrate is depleted at different rates during the year. The highest values of nitrate depletion occurred in late spring, early summer and at leaf-fall when readily available carbon substrates are released from root exudates or from litter decomposition. -from Author
Studi sulla dinamica di decomposizione della lettiera di foglie di Pinus laricio Poiret in Sila
No full textConstraint Programming in Community-Based Gene Regulatory Network Inference
No full textGene Regulatory Network (GRN) inference is a major objective of Systems Biology. The complexity of biological systems and the lack of adequate data have posed many challenges to the inference problem. Community networks integrate predictions from individual methods in a “meta predictor”, in order to compose the advantages of different methods and soften individual limitations. This paper proposes a novel methodology to integrate prediction ensembles using Constraint Programming, a declarative modeling paradigm, which allows the formulation of dependencies among components of the problem, enabling the integration of diverse forms of knowledge. The paper experimentally shows the potential of this method: the addition of biological constraints can offer improvements in the prediction accuracy, and the method shows promising results in assessing biological hypothesis using constraints
- …
