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Our past and future: the new sports medicine physicians.
The incidental discovery of Cassinis’s book
and the eventual finding of the two articles cited
in the bibliography piqued our curiosity and interest.
Several interesting insights can be gained
from a rereading of these long-forgotten documents:
Exercise physiology; functional assessment in
personalized training; health care in sports activities;
the medical profile of the athlete; clinical
diagnosis in relation to assigned workload; the
social and clinical importance of physical activity;
prescription of physical exercise to healthy
and ill persons (sports therapy) as primary and
secondary prevention; sports medicine as a multidisciplinary
specialty in health care and well
being, among others.
Already, this was taking place in the early
1930s. Cassinis was one of the first to write about
sports medicine, founded the Federation of Sports
Physicians, and far ahead of his time, advocated
the education of specialists in sports medicine. He
instituted a certificate course at the CONI that
conferred the title of sports physician. Then came
Rodolfo Margaria (1901-1983) who pioneered
research into exercise physiology and instituted
at the University of Milan the world’s first postgraduate
program in sports medicine in 1957.
This specialty risked losing its accreditation
because it was offered in few European
Community countries and so did not have the
requisites for EC recognition. Thanks to the efforts
and example of Italy, it is now taught in many
countries and is a subspecialty recognized by the
European Union.
Also in regulatory matters, Italy ranks first, with
Law 1055/1950 on the “Health protection of sports
activities” and the mandatory physical fitness certification examination for sports (Ministerial
Decree of 18 February 1982), today viewed with
keen interest and considered as a model for other
countries.18
So what of McCory’s revolution? I think that any
further comment is superfluous. The social and
clinical importance of physical activity and the relevance
of sports medicine in health care are
deeply rooted in our history. New prospects and
promising perspectives are opening for the sports
physician as regards the role of a new specialist
and heir to a culture, a school, a movement, a tradition
in which we can pride ourselves and which
allows us to go forward proudly in the international
scientific community
Dispositivo portatile di allenamento fisico e kit comprendente tale dispositivo
Dispositivo portatile e/o indossabile per l'allenamento fisico degli arti superiori utilizzabile sia in ambito domestico che all'esterno. In particolare il meccanismo che lo caratterizza permette di regolare liberamente l'intensità dello sforzo da applicare per permettere un corretto allenamento progressivo in un oggetto compatto e legger
Structure of aquo rhodium(III)nitrate solutions by X-ray technique and Raman spectroscopy.
Aged titania nanoparticles. The simultaneous control of surface and massive properties
TiO2 nanoparticles are obtained by combining a sol-gel preparative route with hydrothermal aging steps,
performed in mild conditions, of varying time lengths. Both aged and un-aged samples are thermally treated
at 300 and 600 °C, for the same length of time. The crystal structures, the phase composition, and crystallite
sizes are analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction. Raman spectra of anatase nanocrystals with average sizes of
7-10 nm are reported and the correlation between the Raman band shape of the main feature at 144 cm-1
and the crystallite size is discussed. Nitrogen physisorption by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method is
adopted to evaluate the particles surface area and mesopore size and size distribution. The role played by the
hydrothermal step in affecting the physicochemical properties of the powders is discussed also with respect
to the H2O/TiO2 interactions as apparent from Raman spectroscopy investigations of the O-H stretching
range (3000-3800 cm-1)
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