112 research outputs found
Comments on the paper “Efficacies of globus pallidus stimulation and subthalamic nucleus stimulation for advanced Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials”
No full textAhmed Negida,1 Doaa Attia2 1Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; 2Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptWe read with interest the article by Tan et al,1 in which they meta-analyzed data of randomized controlled trials to compare subthalamic and pallidal deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although the topic is interesting and important, we found three serious statistical errors in the article.View original paper by Tan and colleagues
Reporting in clinical studies on platelet-rich plasma therapy among all medical specialties: A systematic review of Level I and II studies
No full textBackgroundThe clinical practice of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has grown significantly in recent years in multiple medical specialties. However, comparisons of PRP studies across medical fields remain challenging because of inconsistent reporting of protocols and characterization of the PRP being administered. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the quantity of level I/II studies within each medical specialty and compare the level of study reporting across medical fields.MethodsThe Cochrane Database, PubMed, and EMBASE databases were queried for level I/II clinical studies on PRP injections across all medical specialties. From these studies, data including condition treated, PRP processing and characterization, delivery, control group, and assessed outcomes were collected.ResultsA total of 132 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and involved 28 different conditions across 8 specialties (cardiothoracic surgery, cosmetic, dermatology, musculoskeletal (MSK), neurology, oral maxillofacial surgery, ophthalmology, and plastic surgery). Studies on PRP for MSK injuries made up the majority of the studies (74%), with knee osteoarthritis and tendinopathy being most commonly studied. Of the 132 studies, only 44 (33%) characterized the composition of PRP used, and only 23 (17%) reported the leukocyte component. MSK studies were more likely to use patient-reported outcome measures to assess outcomes, while studies from other specialties were more likely to use clinician- or imaging-based objective outcomes. Overall, 61% of the studies found PRP to be favorable over control treatment, with no difference in favorable reporting between MSK and other medical specialties.ConclusionsThe majority of level I/II clinical studies investigating PRP therapy across all medical specialties have been conducted for MSK injuries with knee osteoarthritis and tendinopathy being the most commonly studied conditions. Inconsistent reporting of PRP composition exists among all studies in medicine. Rigorous reporting in human clinical studies across all medical specialties is crucial for evaluating the effects of PRP and moving towards disease-specific and individualized treatment
Sample Size Calculation Guide - Part 7: How to Calculate the Sample Size Based on a Correlation
No full textIn the previous educational articles, we explained how to calculate the sample size for a rate or a single proportion, for an independent cohort study, for an independent case-control study, for a diagnostic test accuracy study, for a superiority clinical trial, and for a non-inferiority or equivalence clinical trial. In this article, we will explain how to calculate the sample size for a clinical study with the aim of detecting the correlation coefficient between two variables
Sample Size Calculation Guide - Part 6: How to calculate the sample size for a non-inferiority or an equivalence clinical trial
No full textIn the previous educational articles, we explained how to calculate the sample size for a rate or a single proportion, for an independent cohort study, for an independent case-control study, for a diagnostic test accuracy study, and for a superiority clinical trial. In this article, we will explain how to calculate the sample size for a non-inferiority or equivalence clinical trial
Sample Size Calculation Guide - Part 4: How to Calculate the Sample Size for a Diagnostic Test Accuracy Study based on Sensitivity, Specificity, and the Area Under the ROC Curve
No full textIn the previous educational articles, we explained how to calculate the sample size for a rate or a single proportion (part 1), for an independent cohort study (part 2), and for an independent case-control study (part 3). In this article, we will explain how to calculate the sample size for a diagnostic test accuracy study based on sensitivity, specificity, or the area under the ROC curve
Sample Size Calculation Guide - Part 5: How to calculate the sample size for a superiority clinical trial
No full textIn the previous educational articles, we explained how to calculate the sample size for a rate or a single proportion, for an independent cohort study, for an independent case-control study, and for a diagnostic test accuracy study. In this article, we explain how to calculate the sample size for a superiority clinical trial
Sampling Methods in Clinical Research; an Educational Review
No full textClinical research usually involves patients with a certain disease or a condition. The generalizability of clinical research findings is based on multiple factors related to the internal and external validity of the research methods. The main methodological issue that influences the generalizability of clinical research findings is the sampling method. In this educational article, we are explaining the different sampling methods in clinical research.</p
Invitation to the GNS-I Study; a Global Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury in Low-, Middle-, and High- income Countries
No full textWe invite worldwide neurosurgeons, trauma surgeons, emergency medicine physicians, anaesthesiologists, and trainees to join the GNS team. Any worldwide hospital the receives and manages TBI patients is eligible for participation in the study. Collaborators can register through the official GNS website available here:
https://www.globalneurosurg.org/
There are several ways in which collaborators can participate in the GNS team, these roles can be found on the GNS website here:
https://www.globalneurosurg.org/collaborator-roles
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How the limited recognition of WHO-approved COVID-19 vaccines harm researchers of the low-and middle-income countries - A call for action
No full textImmunizing most of the global population with efficacious vaccines is the safest, fastest, and most reliable solution to emerge from the current COVID-19 pandemic. Extensive research efforts have produced a few vaccines with proven efficacy and acceptable safety profiles to achieve this purpose. Nonetheless, the limited manufacturing capacity and the logistics of vaccine approvals, production, shipment, and distribution to the target population, lead to significant delays that require both prioritizations of the vulnerable population groups and equitable distribution of the vaccines around the worl
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