1,725,885 research outputs found
shar: An R package to analyze species-habitat associations using point pattern analysis
No full textStudying species-habitat associations is one approach to reveal the importance of abiotic processes in shaping the spatial distribution of species. Even though the `R` programming language offers many packages for spatial point pattern analysis, currently there is no comprehensive package specifically designed to analyze species-habitat associations. The `shar` package builds on widely used `R` packages for spatial analyses and provides an easy and straightforward way to uncover species-habitat associations for discrete environmental data
Using The Improved Magnitude Method To Forecast Damage Level Caused By Typhoon 9918
No full textIn 1999, Typhoon 9918 struck Kyushu Island, which is located in Western Japan. The maximum anomaly storm tide was estimated to be about 3 m along a coast. Due to the storm surge and wind waves the typhoon caused enormous damage to maritime structures. In this paper, the number of damage cases of maritime structures along the coastline caused by Typhoon 9918 is estimated by using the so-called Magnitude Method. The Magnitude Method is defined based on the maximum wind speed near the center and the size of the typhoon at a latitude of 30° N. The size of the typhoon is defined as the area for which the wind speed is greater than 15 m/s. The intensity of the typhoon is defined as the area in which the maximum wind speed occurred. The magnitude of a typhoon is defined by a combination of the rank of its intensity and its size. The number of damage cases is estimated as follows: The path of Typhoon 9918 is determined from the location and the moving direction of the typhoon at a latitude of 30° N. The vulnerability index of each coast is determined based on the path of the typhoon and coastline. The value of the so-called smoothed number of damage cases is calculated by using the index of vulnerability and the magnitude of Typhoon 9918 at a latitude of 30° N. The value of the damage cases along a coast is estimated by substituting the value of smoothed number of damage cases and the total number of damage cases by all 74 typhoons during past 25 years at the same coast. The Improved Magnitude Method can be used to estimate the number of damage cases of maritime structures that will occur along the coast before a typhoon strikes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Why is unemployment so high in Bulgaria?
No full textThe author seeks to determine the main factors behind poor labor market outcomes in Bulgaria. Unemployment in Bulgaria is high and of long duration. The accumulation of the unemployment stock has been caused by relatively high inflows into unemployment coupled with limited outflows. These features of the Bulgarian labor market are typical of other transition economies in Central Europe and exploring their sources is of broad interest. The author focuses on determinants of and constraints to job creation. He uses data on job creation and job destruction from a survey of employment in all registered firms. He finds that the source of large inflows into unemployment is intensive enterprise restructuring associated with a high pace of job reallocation. However, job creation falls short of job destruction. Three main factors account for the limited job creation and hiring, and thus for low outflows from unemployment: a) The unfriendly business environment, reflected by a low rate of new firm formation, and a relatively small, small and medium enterprise sector. b) Labor market rigidities, including excessive hiring and firing costs. c) Skill and spatial mismatches brought about by enterprise restructuring, as well as low skills and marginalization of the long-term unemployed who cannot successfully compete for new jobs. The author recommends a three pronged strategy to improve labor market performance: (1) removing bureaucratic constraints to entry and expansion of firms; (2) enhancing labor market flexibility through lowering hiring and firing costs; and (3) improving the educational system so as to equip workers with broad and portable skills.Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Policies,Labor Markets,Public Health Promotion,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Markets,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Standards,Banks&Banking Reform
Using the Central Pressure Method to Forecast Damage Level of Maritime Structures Caused by Typhoon 9918
No full textIn 1999, Typhoon 9918 struck Kyushu Island, which is located in Western Japan. During the strongest stage of the typhoon, the central pressure was 930 hPa and the maximum wind speed was 45 m/s near the center of the typhoon. The maximum storm tide was over 2 m along the coast of Kumamoto Prefecture on Kyushu Island. Due to the storm surge and wind waves, the typhoon caused enormous damage to maritime structures.In this paper, the Central Pressure Method is used to estimate the number of damage cases of damaged maritime structures along the coast caused by Typhoon 9918. Based on 43 previous typhoons, the Central Pressure Method creates an index that determines the vulnerability of the coast to a typhoon with a specified path. This index is estimated using the path of Typhoon 9918 as determined from the location and the direction of the typhoon at a latitude of 30° N. The vulnerability index of maritime structures is calculated based on the path of the typhoon and coastline. The number of damage cases is estimated using the vulnerability index and the central pressure of the typhoon at a latitude of 30° N. Based on the results, the Central Pressure Method can be used to estimate the damage level of maritime structures that will occur along the coast before a typhoon strikes.http://enviroinfo.eu/sites/default/files/pdfs/vol119/0373.pd
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Forecasting of Damage Level of Maritime Structures Caused by Typhoon 9918 Based on Improved CP Method
No full textAbstractDue to the storm surge and wind waves, Typhoon 9918 caused enormous damage to maritime structures. In this paper, the Improved Central Pressure (CP) Method is used to estimate the damage level of maritime structures along the coast caused by a typhoon. Based on 74 previous typhoons, the Improved Central Pressure Method utilizes an index that determines the vulnerability of the coast to a typhoon with a specified path. The path of Typhoon 9918 as determined from the location and the direction of the typhoon at a latitude of 30° N. The vulnerability index of maritime structures is calculated by the path of the typhoon and the coastline. The damage level is estimated by using the index of this vulnerability and the central pressure of the typhoon at a latitude of 30° N. Based on the results, the Improved Central Pressure Method can be used to estimate the damage level of maritime structures that will occur along the coast before a typhoon strikes
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Optimal design of simulation experiments with nearly saturated queues
No full textSimulation Models;Interpolation;Queueing Network;Extrapolation
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