1,722,741 research outputs found
Determination of Ganoderma lucidum 9621 extracellular ligninolytic enzyme activity
No full textSigne Vadone (2019): Ganoderma lucidum 9621 ārpusšūnu ligninolītisko enzīmu aktivitātes noteikšana. Darbā noteikta un salīdzināta G. lucidum 9621 lakāzes un peroksidāžu aktivitāte četru dažādu piedevu šķidrajās barotnēs – ½ MEB(+ Mn2+; + 2% Lg; + 2% Lg + Mn2+). Veikta kvantitatīva ligninolītisko enzīmu aktivitātes noteikšana, izmantojot spektrofotometrijas metodes. Darbā tika salīdzināta dažādu glabāšanas apstākļu (+4˚C, -20˚C un liofilizācijas) ietekme uz G. lucidum 9621 ligninolītisko enzīmu aktivitāti un inkubācijas beigās noteikta sēņu micēlija biomasa. Noskaidrots, ka augstāko ārpusšūnu ligninolītisko enzīmu aktivitāti G. lucidum 9621 iegūst 6.-10. inkubācijas dienā un lielāka aktivitāte ir paraugiem, kuri inkubēti barotnēs ar lignīna piedevu. Ieteicamie apstākļi enzīmu glabāšanai tika noteikta sasaldēšana -20˚C un liofilizācija. Atslēgvārdi: Ganoderma lucidum, lignīna degradācija, ligninolītiskie enzīmi, lakāze, peroksidāzes.Signe Vadone (2019): Determination of Ganoderma lucidum 9621 extracellular ligninolytic enzyme activity. The activity of Ganoderma lucidum 9621 laccase and peroxidase activity in liquid media with four different addivives - ½ MEB(+ Mn2+; + 2% Lg; + 2% Lg + Mn2+) has been determined and compared. Quantification of enzyme activity using spectrophotometric methods was performed. The effect of different storage conditions (+4˚C, -20˚C and lyophilization) on the activity of G. lucidum 9621 enzymes, as well as the biomass of fungal mycelium at the end of the incubation was compared. It was cleared that the highest enzyme activity of G. lucidum 9621 is obtained from 6.-10. day of incubation and higher activity was on samples incubated in lignin supplemented medium. Freezing -20˚C and lyophilisation were determined as the best storage conditions for enzymes. Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum, lignin degradation, ligninolytic enzymes, laccase, peroxidases
Draft Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. <i>pneumoniae</i> ATCC 9621
No full textABSTRACT
We present here the 5.561-Mbp assembled draft genome sequence of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
subsp.
pneumoniae
ATCC 9621, a phosphite- and organophosphonate-assimilating Gammaproteobacterium. The genome harbors 5,179 predicted protein-coding genes.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Central bank independence : a critical view
Get PDFWhile expansive literature on central bank independence contains some criticisms to the independent central bank quasi-paradigm, few critical analyses have been undertaken in the years between Friedman (1962) and Posen (1994). The author extends Posen's analysis to developing countries, discussing more broadly and systematically the reasons why merely instituting an independent central bank may not bring about its professed benefits, especially in developing countries. The author argues that widely reported empirical tests that are purported to support the central bank independence proposition are plagued by potential problems of simultaneity, reverse causality, missing variables, and measurement errors. Yet one can not make positive recommendations about institutional arrangements for central banks if causality relations are not well established. Institutions are shaped by a country's record of and preferences for inflation and may have little influence on them. The author also argues that the purported benefits of an independent central bank may be eroded by conflicts between fiscal and monetary policy and by inherent problems of central bank institutional design (especially mechanisms for board appointments, public accountability, and budgetary control). If these institutional problems are not solved, problems of dynamic inconsistency traditionally associated with monetary policy are not eliminated,but merely transformed. The author suggests that the benefits of central bank independence are less likely obtained in less developed countries with shallow financial markets. Accordingly, central bank independence should be granted at a later stage in a country's financial sector development. If a less developed country seeks to establish a low-inflation path, it should concentrate on instituting financial policy reforms (such as liberalization and privatization) that bolster opposition to inflation rather than easily reversible and practically meaningless changes in legal and institutional structures. This will better ensure the sustainability -- and hence the credibility -- of the government's anti-inflation stance. Fiscal policy is often at the root of macroeconomic disturbances in developing countries. Fiscal policy is more deserving of special protection from politics because of fiscal dominance over monetary policy and its greater vulnerability to private interests. The author suggests that the solution might be to make fiscal policy less susceptible to political pressures by creating an independent fiscal board. Tying the fiscal hands of government may seem a far-fetched idea. But would it not make more sense to force discipline on fiscal policy directly rather than indirectly through monetary policy?Economic Theory&Research,National Governance,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Stabilization,Macroeconomic Management
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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