2,410,077 research outputs found

    The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law

    Full text link
    Abstract The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

    Full text link
    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

    Full text link
    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Universitas Humanística 85. Páginas preliminares

    Full text link
    Universitas Humanística 85. Páginas preliminaresUniversitas Humanística 85. Páginas preliminaresUniversitas Humanística 85. Páginas preliminare

    Variations on the Author

    Full text link
    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

    Full text link
    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    American airlines〔1-85-59-23-22-14〕flight change number

    No full text
    American airlines〔1-85-59-23-22-14〕flight change number American airlines〔1-85-59-23-22-14〕flight change number American airlines〔1-85-59-23-22-14〕flight change number Introduction American Airlines is experiencing issues with its flight change system, which is causing problems for customers trying to check in for flights or print boarding passes. The airline says it's not immediately clear what caused the issue but that it has been working quickly to resolve it. 'We are receiving higher than usual call volume,' American Airlines said via Twitter Monday afternoon. American Airlines has been experiencing a surge in calls to its hotline Monday morning, the company said via Twitter. "We are receiving higher than usual call volume," American Airlines said via Twitter Monday afternoon. The airline did not elaborate on what exactly was wrong with the system, but it did confirm that the outage was not related to a cyberattack. American Airlines apologized for any inconvenience this may cause passengers and advised them to contact their agent or book directly through AA’s website if they need assistance finding an alternate flight or getting refunds on existing flight changes. American Airlines has had issues with internal systems that handle flight changes and check-ins, causing a surge in calls to its hotline. The airline has not said what exactly is wrong with the system, but confirmed that it's not related to a cyberattack. American Airlines has been experiencing issues with its flight change systems since early Tuesday morning. The airline says it is working with American Eagle, which operates regional flights for American Airlines and serves 25 cities in 11 states across America. American Airlines has not said what exactly is wrong with the system, but it did confirm that the outage was not related to a cyberattack. The airline did not say exactly what was wrong with the system, but it did confirm that the outage was not related to a cyberattack. "We are working diligently to resolve this issue and apologize for any inconvenience," an American Airlines spokesperson told CNN Tech. American Airlines is one of many airlines that have experienced problems with their flight change systems in recent weeks. In June alone, American AirLines had three separate incidents where customers were unable to book flights online or through their app; American Airlines also had issues with its website earlier this month; while Southwest Airlines had its own outage on June 11th that lasted nearly two hours before it was fixed. Airline employees were unable to book flights for customers, check in passengers and print luggage tags. As of Sunday morning, customers were not able to check in at airport kiosks. This includes both the self-serve kiosks and more traditional ticket counters. Customers who were able to check in at curbside or ticket counters were being told that there was no way they would be able to print their boarding passes until further notice. The airline also said it was posting regular updates on Twitter as well as its website. A spokeswoman said customers checked themselves in at airport kiosks as well as at curbside and ticket counters. Customers checked themselves in at airport kiosks as well as at curbside and ticket counters. Customers were able to check in using the mobile app, website and with a kiosk. Some customers were able to check in using the app and website together, but others used only one method or none at all. American said it was posting regular updates on Twitter, specifically on its @AmericanAir Twitter account. American Airlines has also been posting regular updates on its Twitter account, specifically on its @AmericanAir Twitter account. The airline's Facebook page and website have been updated with information about the flight change in flight change numbers. Customers can contact American Airlines at 11-85-59-23-22-14 or call customer service at 1-85-59-23-22-14 (1-85-59-23-22-14). The American Airlines outage status page shows that flights are being canceled due to weather conditions in parts of New York City, Boston and Philadelphia; however, there are no major outages currently affecting travel throughout North America or other regions where there may be disruptions due to inclement weather conditions such as snow flurries or rainstorms affecting both ground operations as well as other airlines' schedules/schedules." Unfortunately for travelers, there may be more delays ahead with airline systems down. Unfortunately for travelers, there may be more delays ahead with airline systems down. The outage is not related to a cyberattack and it's not yet clear what caused the problem. Travelers are advised to check-in at airport kiosks or other self-service machines in order to get checked in before boarding their flights. Airline employees were unable to book flights for customers during this time period due to the issue with their system’s software being unavailable, so they may have some extra time on their hands while trying to find alternative solutions such as calling customer service numbers if needed (available 24 hours a day). Conclusion We are receiving higher than usual call volume. We are working to get flights on time as quickly as possible and apologize for any inconvenience. We are a third party, which provides airline flight changes, flight change flight change, etc services.</p
    corecore