1,723,537 research outputs found
Contribución al estudio de los términos ἐπιδίομαι y ἐπιμωλέω en las leyes arcaicas de Gortina
No full textIn this paper two Cretan words of uncertain meaning, contained in the inscriptions at Gortyn (IC IV 41 and IC IV 72), are examined. After analysing these texts, the author suggests that ἐπιδίομαι means ‘to go in search of’ and ἐπιμωλέω means ‘to go to law afterwards’, where the preverb provides a decisive connotation to the sense of the verbs.En este trabajo se examinan dos términos cretenses de sentido dudoso, que aparecen en las inscripciones de Gortina (IC IV 41 e IC IV 72). Tras un análisis de los textos, el autor sugiere que ἐπιδίομαι significa ‘ir en busca de’ y ἐπιμωλέω ‘emprender acciones judiciales después’, donde el preverbio aporta una connotación decisiva al significado de los verbos
Bl 7952 induces upregulation of zonulin-1 and occludin in colon.
No full text<p>Mice were treated with Bl 7952 (n = 10), with Bl 372 (n = 8) or with PBS (n = 10) on ten consecutive days or were left untreated (Naïve; n = 5). Colonic inflammation was induced by addition of 2.5% (w/v) DSS in the drinking water for 7 days. (A) Immunohistochemical detection of occludin and zonulin-1 proteins on representative paraffin-embedded sections of colon. (B) Representative western blotting of occludin and zonulin-1 proteins in the colonic mucosa. Expression of β-actin was used as internal control. (C) Evaluation of intestinal permeability by FITC-dextran. Serum levels of 4.0-kDa FITC-dextran were measured in naïve controls (n = 5), PBS/DSS-treated (n = 5) and Bl 7952/DSS-treated mice (n = 5) 5 hours after its intragastric administration. Data are express as mean ± SEM. Unpaired Student’s t-test was used for comparison of Bl 7952/DSS group <i>vs</i>. control PBS/DSS group (**p < 0.01).</p
Bifidobacterium longum CCM 7952 Promotes Epithelial Barrier Function and Prevents Acute DSS-Induced Colitis in Strictly Strain-Specific Manner.
No full textReduced microbial diversity has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and probiotic bacteria have been proposed for its prevention and/or treatment. Nevertheless, comparative studies of strains of the same subspecies for specific health benefits are scarce. Here we compared two Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum strains for their capacity to prevent experimental colitis.Immunomodulatory properties of nine probiotic bifidobacteria were assessed by stimulation of murine splenocytes. The immune responses to B. longum ssp. longum CCM 7952 (Bl 7952) and CCDM 372 (Bl 372) were further characterized by stimulation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cell, HEK293/TLR2 or HEK293/NOD2 cells. A mouse model of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was used to compare their beneficial effects in vivo.The nine bifidobacteria exhibited strain-specific abilities to induce cytokine production. Bl 372 induced higher levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in spleen and dendritic cell cultures compared to Bl 7952. Both strains engaged TLR2 and contain ligands for NOD2. In a mouse model of DSS-induced colitis, Bl 7952, but not Bl 372, reduced clinical symptoms and preserved expression of tight junction proteins. Importantly, Bl 7952 improved intestinal barrier function as demonstrated by reduced FITC-dextran levels in serum.We have shown that Bl 7952, but not Bl 372, protected mice from the development of experimental colitis. Our data suggest that although some immunomodulatory properties might be widespread among the genus Bifidobacterium, others may be rare and characteristic only for a specific strain. Therefore, careful selection might be crucial in providing beneficial outcome in clinical trials with probiotics in IBD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Impact of Bl 7952 and Bl 372 on DSS-induced colitis.
No full text<p>(A) Mice were treated with Bl 7952 (n = 10), with Bl 372 (n = 8) or with PBS (n = 10) on ten consecutive days. Naïve animals (n = 5) were left untreated. Colonic inflammation was induced by the addition of 2.5% (w/v) DSS in the drinking water for 7 days. (B) Disease activity index and (C) colon length were evaluated at the end of the experiment. (D) Body weight of mice was evaluated throughout the experiment and the values are expressed as percentage of change of the initial value measured before DSS administration. Changes in colonic mucosa after DSS-treatment are shown on representative histological sections of healthy untreated mice (Naïve), mice treated with PBS (PBS/DSS), Bl 7952 (Bl 7952/DSS) or Bl 372 (Bl 372/DSS). The sections were stained by H&E (E) to address the degree of inflammation and by alcian blue (F) to show the changes in production of mucus in colonic tissue. Graphs show mean ± SEM and represent one out of two experiments. Unpaired Student’s t-test was used for comparison of experimental groups <i>vs</i>. control PBS/DSS group (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001).</p
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
