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Block Card 5153 Harvest Lane
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Ranch Style | 5153 Harvest Lane (Toledo, Ohio) | Dwelling | Grandview Woods Addition (Toledo, Ohio) | Trilby Area (Toledo, Ohio)
Potent β-Lactam Enhancer Activity of Zidebactam and WCK 5153 against Acinetobacter baumannii, Including Carbapenemase-Producing Clinical Isolates
No full textABSTRACT
Multidrug-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
has rapidly spread worldwide, resulting in a serious threat to hospitalized patients. Zidebactam and WCK 5153 are novel non-β-lactam bicyclo-acyl hydrazide β-lactam enhancer antibiotics being developed to target multidrug-resistant
A. baumannii
. The objectives of this work were to determine the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC
50
s) for penicillin-binding proteins (PBP), the OXA-23 inhibition profiles, and the antimicrobial activities of zidebactam and WCK 5153, alone and in combination with β-lactams, against multidrug-resistant
A. baumannii
. MICs and time-kill kinetics were determined for an
A. baumannii
clinical strain producing the carbapenemase OXA-23 and belonging to the widespread European clone II of sequence type 2 (ST2). Inhibition of the purified OXA-23 enzyme by zidebactam, WCK 5153, and comparators was assessed. All of the compounds tested displayed apparent
K
i
values of >100 μM, indicating poor OXA-23 β-lactamase inhibition. The IC
50
s of zidebactam, WCK 5153, cefepime, ceftazidime, meropenem, and sulbactam (range of concentrations tested, 0.02 to 2 μg/ml) for PBP were also determined. Zidebactam and WCK 5153 demonstrated specific high-affinity binding to PBP2 of
A. baumannii
(0.01 μg/ml for both of the compounds). The MICs of zidebactam and WCK 5153 were >1,024 μg/ml for wild-type and multidrug-resistant
Acinetobacter
strains. Importantly, combinations of cefepime with 8 μg/ml of zidebactam or WCK 5153 and sulbactam with 8 μg/ml of zidebactam or WCK 5153 led to 4- and 8-fold reductions of the MICs, respectively, and showed enhanced killing. Notably, several of the combinations resulted in full bacterial eradication at 24 h. We conclude that zidebactam and WCK 5153 are PBP2 inhibitors that show a potent β-lactam enhancer effect against
A. baumannii
, including a multidrug-resistant OXA-23-producing ST2 international clone.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Molecular characterization of Enterococcus faecium MTCC 5153 for probiotic properties
No full textProbiotics fall into the group of organisms known as lactic acidproducing
bacteria and are normally consumed in the form of yogurt,
fermented milks or other fermented foods. In the search for new probiotics,
Enterococcus spp and each of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus
species isolated from fermented Idli batter and fermented milk, have been
characterized. Total 12 isolates were selected based on bacteriocin production
ability and studied for its probiotic properties such as acid and bile tolerance,
adherence property, cholesterol assimilation, bile salt hydrolase activity,
prebiotic utilization. The results were compared with L. rhamnosus GG and two
of enterocin-A producing starter cultures. Based on the survivability of the
cultures for 2 hrs at pH 2.5, four isolates, showing survivability in the range of
91±5 to 41±7 %, were selected for further study. Strains tested for bile tolerence,
L. plantarum S and Ent. faecium IB6 were resistant (delay in growth: 10 min) and
P. pentosaceus Cu5 and Ent. faecium RJ4 were tolerant (delay in growth 35 and 45
min) to 0.3 % Ox-gall concentration, and found to assimilate cholesterol (42±5 to
5±0.1 g/mg of dry wt.) as well as possessed bile salt hydrolase activity. Strains
tested for -galactosidase showed high (750±50 miller units) and moderate
(300±10 miller units) and low (100±5 miller units) activity. And all the selected
isolates showed inhibition against several food borne pathogens (25±2 to 5±0.2
mm), and has the ability to utilize the raffinose and mannitol. Based on the
above probiotic properties, Ent. faecium MTCC 5153 was selected due to its
potentiality of bacteriocin production and evaluated further for non
pathogenicity by PCR, RFLP and profiling of 16S rRNA gene product. The Ent.
faceium MTCC 5153 has devoid of cytolycin genes conformed by gene specific
PCR. Non haemolytic activity was conformed on blood agar and sensitive to
many antibiotics.
Ent. faecium MTCC 5153 was further studied for enzyme -galactosidase.
Conditions were optimized for maximum production of enzyme using different
nitrogen, carbon sources and further analysed for the effect of different
concentration of these sources. -galactosidase ( -gal) was purified from Ent.
faecium MTCC 5153 by conventional chromatographic techniques. The purified
enzyme had a specific activity of 24.06 U/mg of protein with Km and Vmax
values of 2 mM and 18.2 mM/min/mg of protein, respectively. The yield of
purified -gal was 10.65% and it has homodimers with a molecular weight of
~90 kDa consisting of two 43 kDa subunits. The enzyme was found to be stable
in pH range of 8.0-9.0 with an optimum pH of 8 and the optimum temperature
was 40 C. The enzyme was activated in presence of metal ions, such as Mg+2,
Mn+2, Ca+2, K+ and Na+ and was inhibited by Zn+2, Co+2 and Cu+2. Chemical
modifiers (N-bromosuccinamide and Diethylpyro carbonate) inactivated the
enzyme indicating the role of tryptophan and histidine moieties for activity.
The purified -gal was able to synthesize oligosaccharides from lactose by
transgalactosylation activity and about ~14% of oligosaccharides formation was
observed.
Possible application of Ent. faecium MTCC 5153 in skim-milk was
studied. Enterocin A was concentrated from Ent. faecium MTCC 5153 and
studied for its efficacy in controlling Listeria monocytogenes in skim-milk.
Enterocin-A was concentrated from culture supernatants and molecular weight
was estimated and found to be of ~4.8 kDa. Enterocin-A from Ent. faecium
MTCC 5153 was stable in the pH range of 4-8,. Based on the SEM observation,
bactericidal action of bacteriocin was evident by the pore formation in cell wall
of Listeria monocytogenes. The culture was tested in skim milk and examined for
bacteriocin production during incubation for 24 h at 37 C. About 800 AU/ml of
antimicrobial activity was observed at 12 h of incubation and also results in the
reduction of viable counts of listeria from 134 X 104 CFU/ml to less than
detection level (101 dilution) at the end of fermentation (24 h at 37 C). The
enterocin A was adsorbed on 3 types of packaging material. The antimicrobial
activity was observed by formation of inhibition zone around the packing
material during 7 days period.
The work reported in this thesis resulted in exploring the suitability of
enterocin-A producing Ent. faecium MTCC5153 for probiotic properties. Several
probiotic properties were studied, which includes, ability to survive at low pH
conditions (~2.5 pH for 2 h) and bile tolerance, ability to show
hypocholesterolemic activity by cholesterol assimilation, by producing bile salt
hydrolase activity, antagonistic against various food-borne pathogens, ability to
produce -galactosidase. This strain produces novel -galactosidase of low
molecular weight (~90 kDa) and enzyme has transgalactosylation activity. Ent.
faecium MTCC 5153 has the ability to develop the antioxidant activity, able to
produce bacteriocins and had effectively inhibited the growth of Listeria
monocytogenes Scott-A. Partially purified enterocin-A can be easily coated on to
the packing material and had the stability over 7 days under refrigerated
conditions
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
5153. Sur l'entrevue de Trêves, voir plusieurs des appendices de Rausch, dans Die burgundische Heirath Maximilian's
No full text5153. Sur l'entrevue de Trêves, voir plusieurs des appendices de Rausch, dans Die burgundische Heirath Maximilian's. In: Molinier Auguste. Les Sources de l'histoire de France - Des origines aux guerres d'Italie (1494). V. Introduction générale - Les Valois (suite), Louis XI et Charles VIII (1461-1494) Paris : A. Picard et fils, 1904. pp. 110-111
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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