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Evaluation of the Stability of Encapsulated and Free Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 Strain During ice Cream Storage
No full textBu çalışmada probiyotik Lb. acidophilus ATCC 4356 (ATCC 4356) suşu, ekstrüzyon yöntemi_x000D_
ile aljinat kullanılarak kapsüllenmiştir. Bu enkapsüle ve serbest formdaki ATCC 4356 dondurmaya ilave edilerek −18°C’de 3 ay süre ile depolanmıştır. Depolamanın 0, 30 ve 90. günlerinde alınan örneklerde, ATCC 4356’nin canlılığını sürdürebilme yeteneği karşılaştırmalı olarak_x000D_
ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, dondurmaya ilave edilen serbest ve enkapsüle ATCC 4356’nın, −18°C’de 3 aylık depolama süresinin sonunda canlılıklarını korudukları,_x000D_
buna karşılık sayılarındaki azalışın istatistiki olarak farklı düzeyde olmadıkları tespit edilmiştir_x000D_
(P > ,05). Bununla birlikte, dondurmaların 90 günlük depolama periyodu boyunca, serbest_x000D_
ve enkapsüle Lb. acidophilus ATCC 4356 sayılarının 107_x000D_
kob/g’ın altına düşmemiş olması, son_x000D_
üründe probiyotiklerin arzu edilen düzeyde canlılığını koruduğunu göstermiştir. Dolayısıyla_x000D_
bakterinin terapotik etkiler gösterebilme açısından dondurmanın uygun bir gıda olarak_x000D_
kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Serbest ve enkapsüle dondurmalara ait duyusal analiz_x000D_
sonuçlarında ise enkapsülasyonun dondurmanın yapı ve tekstüründe önemli seviyede etkiye_x000D_
yol açtığı (P < ,05) ve genel kabul düzeyi olarak serbest ve enkapsüle dondurmalardaki farkın_x000D_
önemli seviyede olduğu gözlemlenmiştir (P < ,05). Bununla birlikte renk, görünüş, tat ve koku_x000D_
kriterleri bakımından serbest ve enkapsüle dondurmalardaki farkın önemsiz seviyede olduğu_x000D_
belirlenmiştir (P > ,05).In this study, the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 (ATCC 4356) strain was encapsulated using alginate by extrusion method. This encapsulated and free form ATCC 4356 was added_x000D_
to ice cream and stored at −18 °C for 3 months. In the samples taken on the 0, 30, and 90th days_x000D_
of storage, the ability of ATCC 4356 to survive was demonstrated comparatively. According to the_x000D_
results of the research, it was determined that free and encapsulated ATCC 4356 added to ice_x000D_
cream preserved its vitality after 3 months of storage at −18°C but the decrease in their numbers_x000D_
was not at a statistically different level (P > .05). However, the fact that the free and encapsulated_x000D_
Lb. acidophilus ATCC 4356 numbers did not fall below 107_x000D_
cfu/g during the 90-day storage period_x000D_
of the ice creams showed that the probiotics maintained their viability at the desired level in the_x000D_
final product. Therefore, it is thought that ice cream can be used as a suitable food in terms of_x000D_
the bacteria showing therapeutic effects. According to the sensory analysis results of free and_x000D_
encapsulated probiotic containing ice creams, the encapsulation caused significant reductions_x000D_
on structure and texture (P .05)
Mercury Biodecontamination from Milk by using L. acidophilus ATCC 4356
No full textFood and water contaminations with heavy metals have been increasing due to the environmental pollution. Decontamination of mercury as one of the most toxic heavy metals seems necessary. The aim of this study is to use L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 to reduce the mercury amount in milk. All possible process variables (including contact time, bacterial count, mercury concentration, temperature, contact time and shaking rate) were screening by Plackett Burman design for determination of main effects. Then main effects (contact time, as well as Hg and biomass concentration) were studied in 5 levels with response surface methodology to reach maximal bioremoval efficiency. The highest decontamination efficiency (72%) was achieved in the presence of 80 μg/L of initial Hg concentration, 1 × 1012 CFU of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 in the 4th day. Finally, the capacity of this bacterium for Mercury bioremoval was determined at different Hg initial concentrations by using the isotherm models of Langmuir and Freundlich. The results showed the higher correlation coefficient in Langmuir model so, Mercury absorptions obey Langmuir isotherm model. This study indicated that in the case of milk contamination to Hg, as reported in some countries, one of the solutions for metal decontamination could be the bioremoval by lactobacillus as natural valuable biosorbents as an environmental friendly technology
Abstract 4356: An isoform-resolution transcriptomic atlas of colorectal cancer from long-read single-cell sequencing
No full textColorectal cancer (CRC), a complex and molecularly heterogenous disease that lacks robust predictive markers and targeted therapies, is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In recent years, technological advances in short-read single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have been instrumental in deciphering tumor cell heterogeneities. However, most studies have focused on gene-level expression quantification without considering alterations in transcript structures arising from widespread alternative end processing and/or splicing which are frequently dysregulated in cancer. Here, we combined short- and long-read scRNA-seq of CRC patient samples to build the first isoform-resolution CRC transcriptomic atlas. We identified 394 dysregulated transcript structures in tumor epithelial cells, including 299 derived from the coupling of multiple alternative splicing events. Additionally, we characterized genes and isoforms associated with different colon epithelial lineages and tumor cell subpopulations exhibiting varying levels of stemness and differentiation, as well as their distinct prognostic implications. Finally, we built an algorithm by integrating mass spectrometry data and novel peptides derived from predicted open reading frames of recurrent tumor-specific transcripts to curate a panel of recurring neoepitopes. Overall, this study unveils the transcriptomic landscape of CRC and may drive the identification of neoantigens based on full-length transcriptomic atlases to aid future development of more universal neoantigen-based cancer vaccines.
Citation Format: Zhongxiao Li, Bin Zhang, Jia Jia Chan, Hossein Tabatabaeian, Qing Yun Tong, Xiao Hong Chew, Xiaonan Fan, Charlene Chan, Patrick Driguez, Faith Cheong, Shi Wang, Bei En Siew, Ian Jse-Wei Tan, Kai-Yin Lee, Bettina Lieske, Wai-Kit Cheong, Dennis Kappei, Ker-Kan Tan, Xin Gao, Yvonne Tay. An isoform-resolution transcriptomic atlas of colorectal cancer from long-read single-cell sequencing [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 4356
Block Card 4356 Rugby Drive
No full textThis image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: Dwelling | Copland Woods Addition (Toledo, Ohio) | South Toledo Area (Toledo, Ohio) | 4356 Rugby Drive (Toledo, Ohio) | Modern Colonial Styl
Stability of free and encapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 in yogurt and in an artificial human gastric digestion system
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of encapsulation on survival of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 (ATCC 4356) in yogurt and during artificial gastric digestion. Strain ATCC 4356 was added to yogurt either encapsulated in calcium alginate or in free form (unencapsulated) at levels of 8.26 and 9.47 log cfu/g, respectively, and the influence of alginate capsules (1.5 to 2.5 mm) on the sensorial characteristics of yogurts was investigated. The ATCC 4356 strain was introduced into an artificial gastric solution consisting of 0.08 N HCl (pH 1.5) containing 0.2% NaCl or into artificial bile juice consisting of 1.2% bile salts in de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe broth to determine the stability of the probiotic bacteria. When incubated for 2 h in artificial gastric juice, the free ATCC 4356 did not survive (reduction of >7 log cfu/g). We observed, however, greater survival of encapsulated ATCC 4356, with a reduction of only 3 log cfu/g. Incubation in artificial bile juice (6 h) did not significantly affect the viability of free or encapsulated ATCC 4356. Moreover, statistically significant reductions (similar to 1 log cfu/g) of both free and encapsulated ATCC 4356 were observed during 4-wk refrigerated storage of yogurts. The addition of probiotic cultures in free or alginate-encapsulated form did not significantly affect appearance/color or flavor/odor of the yogurts. However, significant deficiencies were found in body/texture of yogurts containing encapsulated ATCC 4356. We concluded that incorporation of free and encapsulated probiotic bacteria did not substantially change the overall sensory properties of yogurts, and encapsulation in alginate using the extrusion method greatly enhanced the survival of probiotic bacteria against an artificial human gastric digestive system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dokumentation – Restaurering av restaurangvagn Ro3 3749 och sittvagn Bo5b 4356
No full textUnder åren 2003-2005 restaurerades en restaurangvagn från 1946 tillverkad för SJ vid Kalmar Verkstad i en första etapp. Även en personvagn från 1951, tillverkad för SJ av Kockums Mekaniska Verkstads AB i Malmö, restaurerades 2005. En andra etapp genomfördes på båda vagnarna 2007. Rapporten beskriver hur vagnarna, som har beteckningarna Ro3 3749 och Bo5b 4356, har restaurerats på Sveriges Järnvägsmuseum
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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