2,734,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Aggregation studies on the transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 KDA (TDP-43)
Full text linkThe pathological deposition of the transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) occurs in the majority (97%) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and in around 45% of frontotemporal lobar degeneration cases (FTLD). ALS and FTLD clinically overlap, presenting a continuum of phenotypes. Both ALS and FTLD lack treatments able to interfere with the underlying pathological process and early detection of TDP-43 pathology would facilitate the development of disease modifying drugs. The Real Time Quaking Induced Conversion reaction (RT-QuIC) showed the ability to detect prions in several peripheral tissues of patients with different forms of prion and prion-like diseases. Despite TDP-43 displays prion-like properties, to date the RT-QuIC technology has not yet been adapted to this protein. The main aim of this study was to adapt the RT-QuIC technique for the TDP-43 substrate and to exploit the intrinsic ability of this technology to amplify minutes amount of misfolded proteins for the detection of pathological TDP-43 species in the CSF of ALS and FTLD patients. As a second objective, we aimed at performing a preliminary evaluation of the seeding properties of the in vitro obtained TDP-43 synthetic aggregates, in order to evaluate their ability to recapitulate ALS/FTD TDP-43 pathology. First, we adapted the RT-QuIC technique for the aggregation of the TDP-43 substrate and then we optimized it with synthetic TDP-43 preformed aggregates and with autopsy-verified brain homogenate samples. After this optimization, we analyzed CSF samples from ALS and FTLD patients and controls. TDP-43 RT-QuIC was able to detect as little as 15 picograms of TDP-43 aggregates, discriminating between a cohort of subjects affected by ALS and FTLD and age-matched controls, with a total sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 85%. Our preliminary analysis of HuTDP-43(263-414) fibrils showed that they were readily internalized and actively phosphorylated in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, they were able to recruit the full-length endogenous protein in the formation of intra-cellular aggregates composed of hyperphosphorylated forms of the protein. We observed that the formation of TDP-43 intra-cellular aggregates resulted in a severe reduction of cell vitality which was not linked to a TDP-43 loss of function, but potentially related to a maintained RNA-binding capacity of TDP-43 aggregates. In conclusion, our data represent a proof-of-concept of TDP-43 RT-QuIC potential for the detection of TDP-43 pathological aggregates. Together with prion, amyloid beta, tau and α-syn RT-QuIC assays, a further optimization of the presented TDP-43 RT-QuIC protocol, would increase the opportunity to perform the earliest and most accurate diagnosis at a single patient level. Furthermore, we show that CSF detection of TDP-43 pathological aggregates may be exploited as a disease biomarker for ALS and FTLD. Our preliminary results regarding the seeding properties of TDP-43 synthetic aggregates suggest that TDP-43 RT-QuIC could be exploited not only as a powerful drug screening and diagnostic tool but could also serve as a very helpful instrument to further elucidate TDP-43 prion-like features
Panduan umum muktamar Muhammadiyah ke-43 di Banda Aceh/ Panitia Pusat Muktamar Muhammadiyah 43 Jakarta
No full text158 p.: 29 cm
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Detection of GAP-43 in Goldfish Brain
Full text linkThe concept of learning and memory is a neurological process believed to reside in the nervous system of living organisms. In particular the growth associated protein, GAP-43, has been shown to alter its state of phosphorylation via a protein kinase C mediated reaction following long term potentiation, a paradigm of learning and memory. Most recent studies of GAP-43 in goldfish (Carassius auratus L) have focused on its presence in regenerating or developing optic nerves. The present study seeks to determine the existence of GAP-43 in the goldfish brain and secondly, quantify phosphorylated isoforms of GAP-43 before and after active avoidance shock training
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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