1,724,089 research outputs found
Die Funktion der miRNA 3687 im Hinblick auf das Prostata-Karzinom
No full textDie miRNAs sind an der Regulation der Genexpression und somit an der zellulären Proteinbiosynthese beteiligt. Die Expressionsmuster von miRNAs unterscheiden sich sowohl bei Entwicklung als auch bei verschiedenen Stadien von Tumoren, sodass sie zu interessanten Kandidaten als prognostische Biomarker werden können.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit stand die Überexpression der miR-3687 im Vordergrund. Ihre Rolle als pro- oder antionkogen agierende miRNA sollte untersucht werden. Mithilfe der Transfektion prostataspezifischer kastrationssensibler sowie kastrationsresistenter Zelllinien konnte eine Überexpression der miR-3687 in Prostatagewebe simuliert werden. Um den Erfolg der Zelltransfektion zu quantifizieren, wurde die stem – loop RT-qPCR etabliert.
Mittels Massenspektrometrie konnten die differentiell exprimierten Proteine analysiert werden. Zur Anwendung kamen 2 verschiedenen Verfahren, gelfrei sowie gelbasiert. Dabei ergaben sich deutliche zellspezifische Unterschiede. Im gelbasierten Ansatz wurden beispielsweise für PC-3 Zellen ca. 1685 Proteine, im gelfreien Ansatz bis zu 543 Proteine (bei min. 2 Peptide count) detektiert, die anhand statistischer Parameter ausgewählt wurden.
Über Western Blot Experimente erfolgte die Verifizierung interessanter Proteine. Hierbei konnte gezeigt werden, dass PC-3 Zellen miR-3687 reguliert die kleine Isoform des Androgenrezeptors exprimieren. Insbesondere das Protein Vimentin zeigte unter miR-3687 Einfluss in den beiden kastrationssensiblen Zelllinien eine Expressionsminderung. Da es sich bei diesem Protein um einen Marker für den epithelial mesenchymalen Übergang handelt, könnte die Überexpression der miR-3687 der Metastasierung von Krebszellen entgegenwirken und so einen neuen Therapieansatz darstellen.
Hinweise auf einen antionkogenen Effekt ergeben die verminderte Expression des Androgenrezeptors in den kastrationsresistenten Zelllinien, die signifikant verminderte Expression des Tumorproteins D52-IF1 sowie die verminderte Expression des Proteins β3-Tubulin in allen Zelllinien.
In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Vielzahl an Proteinen durch miR-3687 reguliert werden. Bei weiterer Untersuchung der miR-3687 könnte geklärt werden, ob dessen Überexpression allgemein im Gewebe oder nur in ausgewählten Zelllinien antionkogene Wirkungen aufweist und damit tumorsupprimierend wirkt, sodass sich daraus eine spezifische Therapie, beispielsweise nur für das kastrationsresistente Stadium des Prostatakarzinoms, ergeben könnte
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Martin, LaForest John, 1844-1862 (SC 3687)
No full textFinding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 3687. Letters, 1861-1862, of LaForest Martin, Oneida County, New York, written to his family while serving with the 26th New York Volunteers. He writes from Washington, D.C., Virginia and Maryland of his illness; drunkenness and desertion among the troops; and engagements with the Confederates, especially at Antietam. Includes an 1856 family letter; a subscription list of locals pledging to pay Martin\u27s expenses to rejoin his regiment after his illness; and a letter to his father from a friend offering sympathy at the news of Martin’s death at the Battle of Fredericksburg. Some of the letters and envelopes bear military and patriotic images
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Identification of the Regulatory Targets of miR-3687 and miR-4417 in Prostate Cancer Cells Using a Proteomics Approach
No full textMicroRNAs (miRNA) are ubiquitous non-coding RNAs that have a prominent role in cellular regulation. The expression of many miRNAs is often found deregulated in prostate cancer (PCa) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Although their expression can be associated with PCa and CRPC, their functions and regulatory activity in cancer development are poorly understood. In this study, we used different proteomics tools to analyze the activity of hsa-miR-3687-3p (miR-3687) and hsa-miR-4417-3p (miR-4417), two miRNAs upregulated in CRPC. PCa and CRPC cell lines were transfected with miR-3687 or miR-4417 to overexpress the miRNAs. Cell lysates were analyzed using 2D gel electrophoresis and proteins were subsequently identified using mass spectrometry (Maldi-MS/MS). A whole cell lysate, without 2D-gel separation, was analyzed by ESI-MS/MS. The expression of deregulated proteins found across both methods was further investigated using Western blotting. Gene ontology and cellular process network analysis determined that miR-3687 and miR-4417 are involved in diverse regulatory mechanisms that support the CRPC phenotype, including metabolism and inflammation. Moreover, both miRNAs are associated with extracellular vesicles, which point toward a secretory mechanism. The tumor protein D52 isoform 1 (TD52-IF1), which regulates neuroendocrine trans-differentiation, was found to be substantially deregulated in androgen-insensitive cells by both miR-3687 and miR-4417. These findings show that these miRNAs potentially support the CRPC by truncating the TD52-IF1 expression after the onset of androgen resistance
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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