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Abstract 2199: Magnetoelectric nanoparticles for high-specificity treatment of cancer
No full textAbstract
Introduction: Delivering a drug specifically into the tumor cell past its membrane and then releasing the drug into the tumor cells without affecting the normal cells remains a formidable challenge. Unlike any other nanoparticles, magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENs) display a non-zero magnetoelectric (ME) effect and thus present a unique capability to use external magnetic fields to control intrinsic electric fields associated with cell membranes and the interaction between MENs and therapeutic loads. Because cancer and normal cells of the same type have different electric properties, MENs is used for high-specificity targeted delivery. An a.c. magnetic field is used to trigger drug release off the nanoparticles.
Brief Methods: 30-nm CoFe2O4-BaTiO3 core shell MENs, with a magnetization of 1 emu/g, a coercivity of 300 Oe, and a ME coefficient of 10-100 mV cm-1 Oe-1 were prepared with a coprecipitation process. MENs were coated with fluorescein isothiocyanate to monitor their intra-cellular transport through a high-contrast confocal microscopy. Three cancer cell lines including Skov-3 (Ovarian adenocarcinoma), U87-MG (Glioblastoma), and MCF-7A (Breast adenocarcinoma), and two normal cell lines including brain endothelial cells (Brain EC) and ovarian cells HOMEC were cultured at 37°C. The transport of MENs loaded with drugs, peptides, and RNAs through the cell membranes and the consequent release of the load under different d.c. and a.c. magnetic fields were studied through confocal microscopy and photoabsorption spectroscopy, respectively. Trypan-blue viability count was used to assess cell growth inhibition under different study conditions. Atomic force microscopy of the cell membranes was conducted to understand the interaction between the nanoparticles and the cells.
Summary of new data: Comparison of MENs with purely magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles showed that the penetration through the cancer cell membrane could be achieved only with MENs. It took d.c. fields of 100 Oe and over 1000 Oe to nanoelectroporate the membranes of SKOV-3 and HOMEC cell lines, respectively. An a.c. magnetic field with a strength of 50 Oe and a near-d.c. frequency of 100 Hz was sufficient to enable release of a therapeutic load off MENs. All the cancer cell lines under study showed membrane penetration threshold d.c. fields at least a factor of ten smaller compared to their normal counterparts.
Conclusion: MENs displayed unique capabilities for externally controlled high-specificity targeted anticancer drug delivery and release on demand via application of d.c. and a.c. magnetic fields, respectively. Because MENs rely on a physical mechanism rather than antibody-mediated delivery, they can be used for high specificity delivery and high-efficacy controlled release of a broad range of therapeutic loads including drugs, peptides, and RNAs to treat many different cancers.
Citation Format: Emmanuel Stimphil, Abhi Nagesetti, Tiffanie S. Stewart, Alexa Rodzinski, Rakesh Guduru, Ping Liang, Carolyn Runowicz, Sakhrat Khizroev. Magnetoelectric nanoparticles for high-specificity treatment of cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2199. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2199</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Davis, Christopher Larry, b. 1980 (SC 2199)
Get PDFFinding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 2199. Materials related to Christopher Larry Davis\u27s military service in Afghanistan. Includes letter suggesting supplies to be sent to him as well as printouts of online newsletters and web pages relating to the personnel and acitivties of his unit
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
C-2199: Richmond, Utah, Vernon J. Thompson residence. Sec 35 T 14N R1E
No full textC-2199: Richmond, Utah, Vernon J. Thompson residence. Sec 35 T 14N R1
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