1,721,689 research outputs found
Effects of thromboxane synthase inhibition with CGS 13080 in human cyclosporine nephrotoxicity
No full textEffects of thromboxane synthase inhibition with CGS 13080 in human cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Cyclosporine is a potent immunosuppressive agent, however, its use is limited by nephrotoxicity. Increased production of the potent vasoconstrictor thromboxane A2 contributes to cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in animal models, but the role of thromboxane in human cyclosporine nephrotoxicity has not been established. We therefore studied cyclosporine-treated renal allograft recipients who had evidence of toxicity manifested by decreased renal function. We measured GFR and PAH clearance (CPAH) before, during, arid one week after a 48-hour intravenous infusion of the thromboxane synthase inhibitor CGS 13080. At baseline, the urinary excretion of TXB2 and 2,3-dinor-TXB2 was elevated in the study patients compared to healthy subjects. CGS 13080 infusion caused selective and nearly complete inhibition of thromboxane metabolite excretion in all patients. Mean CPAH improved 33% from 223 ± 45 to 298 ± 59 ml/min/m2 (P = 0.055) during infusion, while mean GFR improved 9% from 50.1 ± 3.9 at baseline to 54.6 ± 4.5 ml/min/1.73 m2 (P = 0.111). The effect on GFR occurred primarily in those patients taking calcium channel blockers. The mean increase in GFR in these 5 patients was 10.0 ± 2.8 versus -1.0 ± 2.8 ml/min/m2 in the remainder. We conclude that thromboxane synthase inhibitors may be useful in attenuating the nephrotoxic effects of cyclosporine following renal transplantation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Thromboxane synthetase inhibition with CGS 13080 improves coronary blood flow after streptokinase-induced thrombolysis
Get PDFThe focus of this investigation was to examine the potential beneficial effects of the selective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor CGS 13080 (imidazo [1,5-a] pyridine-5-hexanoic acid) on coronary blood flow after streptokinase-induced thrombolysis. Thrombotic occlusion of the circumflex coronary artery was produced by electrolytic (100 [mu]A anodal current) injury to the intimal surface of the circumflex coronary artery at the site of a noncircumferential stenosis in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital to have open-chest surgery. Intracoronary streptokinase, 6000 IU/kg in 3 ml saline solution, was infused at 0.05 ml/min for 1 hour, beginning 30 minutes after the formation of an occlusive thrombus. The animals were assigned randomly to two groups. In group I (n = 10) the intravenous infusion of vehicle was begun simultaneously with the intracoronary administration of streptokinase and continued for 2 hours after thrombolysis had been achieved. The animals in group II (n = 10) received intravenous CGS 13080 (1 mg/kg/hr) along with intracoronary streptokinase. Infarct size was assessed by a dual perfusion technique with Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium stains to demarcate the normally perfused myocardium from the area at risk and the infarct zone within the risk region. The two groups did not differ with respect to baseline coronary blood flow, time to the development of coronary artery thrombotic occlusion, or time to achieve thrombolysis. Oscillations in coronary blood flow were more frequent in group I than in group II (group I, 9 +/- 2.2; group II, 4.4 +/- 0.8 oscillation/min x 100, p p < 0.05). Infarct size expressed as a percent of the total left ventricular mass was similar ([IZ/LV] group I, 5% +/- 2%; group II, 4% +/- 1%), as was the percent of the left ventricle dependent on the blood flow distribution from the left circumflex coronary artery or the area at risk of infarction ([AR/LV] 37% +/- 2% vs 40% +/- 3%, respectively). These results demonstrate that the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor CGS 13080, in combination with the thrombolytic agent streptokinase, is able to maintain patency of the injured coronary artery after thrombolysis and to decrease the frequency of oscillatory flow responses. The results suggest a possible role for thromboxane as a contributor to the process of thrombotic reocclusion after successful thrombolysis.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/27006/1/0000573.pd
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
