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British economic growth : 1270 - 1870
Get PDFWe provide annual estimates of GDP for England between 1270 and 1700 and
for Great Britain between 1700 and 1870, constructed from the output side. The GDP
data are combined with population estimates to calculate GDP per capita. We find
English per capita income growth of 0.20 per cent per annum between 1270 and 1700,
although growth was episodic, with the strongest growth during the Black Death crisis of
the fourteenth century and in the second half of the seventeenth century. For the period
1700-1870, we find British per capita income growth of 0.48 per cent, broadly in line
with the widely accepted Crafts/Harley estimates. This modest trend growth in per capita
income since 1270 suggests that, working back from the present, living standards in the
late medieval period were well above “bare bones subsistence”. This can be reconciled
with modest levels of kilocalorie consumption per head because of the very large share of
pastoral production in agriculture
English Economic Growth: 1270 - 1870
Get PDFWe provide annual estimates of GDP for England between 1270 and 1700 and for Great Britain between 1700 and 1870, constructed from the output side. The GDP data are combined with population estimates to calculate GDP per capita. We find English per capita income growth of 0.20 per cent per annum between 1270 and 1700, although growth was episodic, with the strongest growth during the Black Death crisis of the fourteenth century and in the second half of the seventeenth century. For the period 1700-1870, we find British per capita income growth of 0.48 per cent, broadly in line with the widely accepted Crafts/Harley estimates. This modest trend growth in per capita income since 1270 suggests that, working back from the present, living standards in the late medieval period were well above “bare bones subsistence”. This can be reconciled with modest levels of kilocalorie consumption per head because of the very large share of pastoral production in agriculture.
English economic growth, 1270-1700
Get PDFWe provide annual estimates of GDP for England over the period 1270-1700,
constructed from the output side. The GDP data are combined with population estimates
to calculate GDP per capita. Sectoral price data and estimates of nominal GDP are also
provided. We find per capita income growth of 0.20 per cent per annum, although growth
was episodic, with the strongest growth after the Black Death and in the second half of
the seventeenth century. Living standards in the late medieval period were well above
“bare bones subsistence”, although levels of kilocalorie consumption per head were
modest because of the very large share of pastoral production in agriculture
Depleting circ_0088364 restrained cell growth and motility of human hepatocellular carcinoma via circ_0088364-miR-1270-COL4A1 ceRNA pathway
No full textCircular RNA hsa_circ_0088364 (circ_0088364) is a contributory factor in the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to elaborate its role and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism in HCC cell growth and motility. Expression of circ_0088364, microRNA (miR)-1270 and Collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1) was measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, and their relationships were determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, biotinylated RNA pull-down, and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis. Cellular programs were measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry and transwell assays, Western blotting, and xenograft experiment. Expression of circ_0088364 and COL4A1 was upregulated, and miR-1270 was downregulated in HCC patients’ tumors; moreover, there were linear correlations among circ_0088364, miR-1270, and COL4A1 expression. Essentially, circ_0088364 and COL4A1 were ceRNAs for miR-1270 via target binding. In function, silencing circ_0088364 or upregulating miR-1270 could suppress cell proliferation, cell cycle entrance, transwell migration and invasion in Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells, as well as promote apoptosis rate. Moreover, above-mentioned effects were accompanied with reduced B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, N-cadherin and Vimentin levels, and elevated Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and E-cadherin levels. Contrarily, exhausting miR-1270 and restoring COL4A1 could severally abrogate the tumor-suppressive roles of circ_0088364 knockdown and miR-1270 overexpression in HCC cells in vitro. In vivo, silencing circ_0088364 retarded xenograft tumor growth in nude mice induced by Huh7 cells by upregulating miR-1270 and downregulating COL4A1. Blocking circ_0088364 suppressed HCC by inhibiting cell growth and motility via targeting miR-1270-COL4A1 axis.</p
Observation of →¯1(1270)+ and test of lepton flavor universality with →¯1(1270)ℓ+ℓ
No full textBy analyzing 7.93 fb−1 of +− collision data collected at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector operated at the BEPCII collider, we report the observation of the semimuonic decays of + →¯1(1270)0+ and 0 →1(1270)−+ with statistical significances of 12.5 and 6.0, respectively. Their decay branching fractions are determined to be ℬ[+ →¯1(1270)0+] =(2.36 ±0.20+0.18−0.27 ±0.48) ×10−3 and ℬ[0 →1(1270)−+] =(0.78 ±0.11+0.05−0.09 ±0.15) ×10−3, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively, and the third originates from the input branching fraction of ¯1(1270)0 →−+0 or 1(1270)− →−+−. Combining our branching fractions with the previous measurements of ℬ[+ →¯1(1270)0+] and ℬ[0 →1(1270)−+], we determine the branching fraction ratios to be ℬ[+→¯1(1270)0+]/ℬ[+→¯1(1270)0+]=1.03±0.14+0.11−0.15 and ℬ[0→1(1270)−+]/ℬ[0→1(1270)−+]=0.74±0.13+0.08−0.13. Using the branching fractions measured in this work and the world-average lifetimes of the + and 0 mesons, we determine the semimuonic partial decay width ratio to be Γ[+→¯1(1270)0+]/Γ[0→1(1270)−+]=1.22±0.10+0.06−0.09, which is consistent with unity as predicted by isospin conservation.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/None</p
Entrepreunerial Education: EDU 1270
No full textExamination on Entrepreneurial Education: EDU 1270, Nov 201
Robert Fawtier. L'Europe occidentale de 1270 à 1380. Première partie : De 1270 à 1328
No full textPocquet du Haut-Jussé Barthélemy-Amédée. Robert Fawtier. L'Europe occidentale de 1270 à 1380. Première partie : De 1270 à 1328. In: Revue d'histoire de l'Église de France, tome 26, n°110, 1940. pp. 95-99
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