1,722,124 research outputs found
Involvement of phytohormones in plant responses to ozone
No full textAmong various contaminants, ozone (O3) is considered the most ubiquitous and phytotoxic atmospheric pollutant in industrialized and developing countries. It causes extensive risks for plant life, in terms of survival and productivity of wild and cultivated species. Plant response to O3 resembles the biotic defense reactions and includes two steps: the first is a biphasic oxidative burst with a massive, rapid, and transient increase in apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; the second is the induction of the hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). In particular, the acute O3 exposure (high concentrations for a few hours) results in the activation of programmed cell death (PCD) response that interacts with the synthesis of several hormones and other signaling molecules. The cross talk among all these molecules and their complex and interconnected signaling pathways are more important to determine (1) the initiation, propagation, and containment of O3-induced cell death, (2) the degree of the sensitivity of plants to this contaminant, and (3) the regulatory potential that plants have to promptly respond to oxidative stress. The present chapter reviews the role of phytohormones (such as ethylene, abscisic acid, gibberellins, auxins, and cytokinins) and other signaling molecules (such as salicylic and jasmonic acids, proline, and brassinosteroids), as well as their synergistic and antagonistic effects, in the complex signaling pathway involved in plant responses to O3 stress
FIGURE 2. Bryum glacierum. A. Plants. B. Leaf apex. C. Basal leaf cells. D. Middle leaf cells. E–F. Leaves. G in A new moss species from northwestern China: Bryum glacierum (Bryaceae)
No full textFIGURE 2. Bryum glacierum. A. Plants. B. Leaf apex. C. Basal leaf cells. D. Middle leaf cells. E–F. Leaves. G. Cross-section of the stem. H–Q. Bulbils. All from the holotype.Published as part of Liu, Yong-Ying, Quan, Yu-Ping & Wu, Yu-Huan, 2021, A new moss species from northwestern China: Bryum glacierum (Bryaceae), pp. 148-154 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 150, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/542631
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
FIGURE 1 in Three new species of the genus Hexarhopalus Fairmaire, 1891 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae: Cnodalonini) from China
No full textFIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of H. (H.) yunnanensis sp. nov. A. Male; B. Female.Published as part of Jiang, Ri-Xin, Li, Ze-Chuan, Ji, Quan-Yu, Engel, Michael S. & Wang, Shuo, 2021, Three new species of the genus Hexarhopalus Fairmaire, 1891 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae: Cnodalonini) from China, pp. 587-597 in Zootaxa 5004 (4) on page 589, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/514097
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
FIGURE 1. Bryum glacierum. A. Plant. B. Leaves. C. Upper leaf cells. D. Middle leaf cells. E. Basal leaf cells. F. Bulbils. G in A new moss species from northwestern China: Bryum glacierum (Bryaceae)
No full textFIGURE 1. Bryum glacierum. A. Plant. B. Leaves. C. Upper leaf cells. D. Middle leaf cells. E. Basal leaf cells. F. Bulbils. G. Crosssections of the leaf, from the upper part to the basal part. H. Cross-section of the stem. All from the holotype.Published as part of Liu, Yong-Ying, Quan, Yu-Ping & Wu, Yu-Huan, 2021, A new moss species from northwestern China: Bryum glacierum (Bryaceae), pp. 148-154 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/542631
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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