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Η ανάλυση κύκλου ζωής ως μεθοδολογικό εργαλείο για την προσαρμογή συστημάτων ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας στις αρχές της κυκλικής οικονομίας
No full textThe dissertation explores the integration of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as a critical methodological tool for the adaptation of Renewable Energy Systems (RES) to the Circular Economy (CE). The transition from a linear economy, which is characterized by a take-make-waste approach, to a circular economy is essential for addressing the global challenges of resource depletion, environmental degradation, and climate change. CE promotes sustainability and emphasizes the continuous use of resources with minimized waste streams. The conducted research aimed to bridge the gap between RES and CE by employing LCA to evaluate and enhance the environmental performance of various renewable energy technologies. In Chapter 1 a thorough review of the linear versus the CE is carried out, highlighting the environmental impacts of the linear model and the potential benefits of adopting circular practices. The transition to a CE is presented as a solution to the inefficiencies and environmental damage caused by the traditional linear model. Challenges such as the selection of appropriate materials, financing, policies, regulations, and stakeholder engagement are discussed as significant barriers to the widespread adoption of circular practices. Chapter 2 introduces LCA as a comprehensive framework for the assessment of the environmental impacts of products and systems throughout their entire life cycle, from raw material extraction to disposal (and even to full recycle or reuse/remanufacture). In this Chapter several software are evaluated to conclude which is the most suitable for implementing the LCA studies and the detailed methodology is applied to renewable technologies, including geothermal, solar thermal, and photovoltaic systems, to identify opportunities for improvement of their design, construction and operation in the context of a CE. Case studies focus on specific applications of LCA in renewable energy technologies. For example, the analysis of solar thermal systems reveals the potential for integrating CE principles through improved design, material selection, and waste management practices. Similarly, the application of LCA to geothermal systems highlights the importance of considering environmental impacts across the entire lifecycle, leading to more sustainable and efficient energy solutions. The research demonstrates that LCA can play a pivotal role in identifying hotspots and inefficiencies, guiding the development of strategies that enhance their circularity and sustainability. Chapter 3 presents the results of an LCA and techno-economic evaluation of renewable systems via a dedicated tool (SECT). A methodological framework for application of CE principles in renewable energy technologies (applied to residential solar thermal systems and photovoltaics) is presented. A trifold use of LCA and eco-labelling (EL) in an eco-design (ED) implementation context is proposed, towards CE in renewables. This multifaceted approach provides a holistic rating scheme, addressing both the technical issues and the environmental aspects for the complete life cycle. Overall, this PhD dissertation contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the intersection of LCA, RES, and CE. It provides valuable insights and practical guidelines for optimizing the environmental performance of RES, thereby supporting the global transition to an economy that will be more sustainable and more circular.Η παρούσα διατριβή εξετάζει την ενσωμάτωση της Ανάλυσης Κύκλου Ζωής (ΑΚΖ) ως κρίσιμου μεθοδολογικού εργαλείου για την προσαρμογή των συστημάτων Ανανεώσιμων Πηγών Ενέργειας (ΑΠΕ) στην Κυκλική Οικονομία (KO). Η μετάβαση από μια γραμμική οικονομία, η οποία λειτουργεί με βάση το μοντέλο "παίρνω-παράγω-απορρίπτω", σε μια ΚΟ είναι απαραίτητη για την αντιμετώπιση των παγκόσμιων προκλήσεων της εξάντλησης των πόρων, της υποβάθμισης του περιβάλλοντος και της κλιματικής αλλαγής. Η ΚΟ προωθεί τη βιωσιμότητα δίνοντας έμφαση στη συνεχή χρήση των πόρων με ελαχιστοποιημένες ροές αποβλήτων. Η έρευνα που διεξήχθη στόχευε στη γεφύρωση του χάσματος μεταξύ ΑΠΕ και ΚΟ με τη χρήση της ΑΚΖ για την αξιολόγηση και ενίσχυση των περιβαλλοντικών επιδόσεων διαφόρων τεχνολογιών ΑΠΕ. Στο Κεφάλαιο 1 οι περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις του γραμμικού οικονομικού μοντέλου αντιπαραβάλλονται με τα πιθανά οφέλη των πρακτικών της ΚΟ. Η μετάβαση στην ΚΟ παρουσιάζεται ως πιθανή λύση για τις ανεπάρκειες και τις περιβαλλοντικές ζημιές που προκαλούνται από το παραδοσιακό γραμμικό μοντέλο. Προκλήσεις όπως η επιλογή των κατάλληλων υλικών, η χρηματοδότηση, οι πολιτικές, οι κανονισμοί και η εμπλοκή των ενδιαφερόμενων μερών συζητούνται ως σημαντικά εμπόδια στην ευρεία υιοθέτηση κυκλικών πρακτικών. Το Κεφάλαιο 2 εισάγει την ΑΚΖ ως ένα ολοκληρωμένο πλαίσιο για την εκτίμηση των περιβαλλοντικών επιπτώσεων των προϊόντων και των συστημάτων καθ' όλη τη διάρκεια του κύκλου ζωής τους, από την εξόρυξη πρώτων υλών έως την τελική τους διάθεση (ακόμη και έως την πλήρη ανακύκλωση ή επαναχρησιμοποίηση/ανακατασκευή τους). Σε αυτό το κεφάλαιο αξιολογούνται διάφορα λογισμικά προκειμένου να γίνει η τελική επιλογή του καταλληλότερου για την υλοποίηση των μελετών ΑΚΖ, και εφαρμόζεται η λεπτομερής μεθοδολογία ΑΚΖ εφαρμόζεται σε τεχνολογίες ΑΠΕ, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των γεωθερμικών, ηλιοθερμικών και φωτοβολταϊκών συστημάτων, για τον εντοπισμό των δυνατοτήτων βελτίωσης στο σχεδιασμό, κατασκευή και λειτουργία τους στο πλαίσιο μίας ΚΟ. Οι μελέτες περίπτωσης επικεντρώθηκαν σε συγκεκριμένες εφαρμογές της ΑΚΖ σε τεχνολογίες ΑΠΕ. Για παράδειγμα, η ανάλυση των ηλιακών θερμικών συστημάτων αποκάλυψε τις δυνατότητες ενσωμάτωσης των αρχών της ΚΟ μέσω βελτιωμένου σχεδιασμού, επιλογής υλικών και πρακτικών διαχείρισης αποβλήτων. Ομοίως, η εφαρμογή της ΑΚΖ στα γεωθερμικά συστήματα υπογραμμίζει τη σημασία της εξέτασης των περιβαλλοντικών επιπτώσεων καθ' όλη τη διάρκεια του κύκλου ζωής, οδηγώντας σε πιο βιώσιμες και αποδοτικές ενεργειακές λύσεις. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας καταδεικνύουν ότι η ΑΚΖ μπορεί να διαδραματίσει καίριο ρόλο στον εντοπισμό δύσκολων σημείων και ανεπαρκειών, καθοδηγώντας την ανάπτυξη στρατηγικών που ενισχύουν την κυκλικότητα και τη βιωσιμότητά τους. Στο κεφάλαιο 3 παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της ΑΚΖ και της τεχνικοοικονομικής αξιολόγησης των συστημάτων ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας μέσω ενός εργαλείου λήψης απόφασης SECT (Save Energy Checker Tool) με δυνατότητα πρόσβασης μέσω διαδικτύου που στοχεύει στην ολιστική αξιολόγηση πληθώρας εμπορικών συστημάτων ΑΠΕ (φωτοβολταϊκών, αιολικών, ηλιακών θερμικών), δηλαδή στην αξιολόγησή τους βάσει ενεργειακών και περιβαλλοντικών κριτηρίων. Παρουσιάζεται ένα μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο για την εφαρμογή των αρχών ΚΟ σε τεχνολογίες ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας (εφαρμοσμένο σε οικιακά ηλιοθερμικά συστήματα και φωτοβολταϊκά). Προτείνεται μια προσέγγιση που συνδυάζει την ΑΚΖ και της οικολογικής σήμανσης (Eco-Labelling) στο πλαίσιο εφαρμογής οικολογικού σχεδιασμού (Eco-Design). Αυτή η πολύπλευρη προσέγγιση παρέχει ένα ολιστικό σύστημα αξιολόγησης, αντιμετωπίζοντας τόσο τα τεχνικά όσο και τα περιβαλλοντικά ζητήματα σε ολόκληρο τον κύκλο ζωής. Διερευνώνται επίσης προτάσεις για τους υπεύθυνους χάραξης πολιτικής, τους ενδιαφερόμενους φορείς της βιομηχανίας και τους ερευνητές, για την προώθηση της ενσωμάτωσης της ΑΚΖ στα συστήματα ΑΠΕ με στόχο την εφαρμογή λύσεων ΚΟ. Συνολικά, η διατριβή συμβάλλει στην απόκτηση γνώσης σχετικά με τη συνδυασμένη εφαρμογή της ΑΚΖ σε συστήματα ΑΠΕ προς εφαρμογή των αρχών της ΚΟ. Παρέχει πολύτιμες γνώσεις και πρακτικές κατευθυντήριες γραμμές για τη βελτιστοποίηση της περιβαλλοντικής απόδοσης συστημάτων ΑΠΕ, υποστηρίζοντας έτσι τη παγκόσμια μετάβαση σε μια πιο βιώσιμη και κυκλική οικονομία
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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