1,721,247 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Development of plating process sequences for high efficiency bifacial c-Si solar cells
No full textThis work covers the development and evaluation of an electroplating process for bifacial solar cells with poly-Si based passivating contacts (TOPCon). The electrochemical metal deposition bears the potential to increase the solar cell efficiency performance by applying narrow contact geometries with low shading, low grid resistance and low contact resistances compared to screen-printed metal contacts. Furthermore, the use of plating to metallize bifacial TOPCon solar cells allows to reduce the material costs by replacing costly silver pastes with plated copper.The thesis is divided into three essential parts. First, a model is developed to gain fundamental understanding about the electrical characteristics during simultaneous bifacial plating of c-Si solar cells (see chapter 4). A voltage-current model is set up, transferred into a simulation tool and key influencing factors (contacted side(s), illumination) are identified. Besides contacting both sides, single side contacting of a solar cell is found to be suitable for simultaneous deposition while varying the illumination. Selected simulation cases are experimentally validated. Electrical contacting is identified as key challenge for implementing one of the modelled approaches into experimental reality.Based on these findings an approach is developed to realize plating deposition on each side of a bifacial TOPCon solar cell subsequently (chapter 5). Placing a contact unit consisting of a soft conductive fabric on the laser ablated areas enables the distribution of the plating current. An optional electroless deposited nickel seed layer is considered for improved contacting. The impact of parasitic effects during plating (electrolyte wraparound, edge plating) is investigated experimentally as well as by applying the model developed in chapter 0. Mitigation strategies such as a simultaneous electroplating process are developed, which enables even exploiting the parasitic effect of the electrolyte wrap-around.Finally, the feasibility of the developed successive electroplating process is evaluated (see chapter 6). The process demonstrates a certified conversion efficiency of 23.84% measured at Fraunhofer ISE CalLab for bifacial TOPCon solar cells outperforming the screen-printed references metallized at the supplier on identical precursors by nearly 0.4 %abs. Optimization of the laser structuring process, the HF pre-treatment and grid layout allow to exceed each IV parameter (Voc, Jsc, FF) of the screen printed reference solar cell. Furthermore, plating is considered as a viable candidate regarding the technological optimization of the TOPCon solar cell concept to thinner poly-Si layers. Cost-of ownership (COO) calculations reveal the economic benefit of plating metallization compared to screen-printing predominantly by replacing silver with copper due to material costs and availability.The presented model allows an increased understanding of electroplating concepts for bifacial TOPCon solar cells. Based on these insights an industrially viable electroplating process is developed which shows its performance and economic competitivity compared to the screen-printing process.Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines galvanischen Metallisierungsverfahrens für bifaziale TOPCon Solarzellen. Die elektrochemische Metallabscheidung erlaubt eine Steigerung der Leistung durch schmale Kontaktgeometrien, welche durch Laserstrukturierung erzeugt werden, sowie geringere Kontaktwiderstände im Vergleich zu Siebdruck Kontakten. Darüber hinaus ermöglichen bifaziale Solarzellenkonzepte eine Kostenreduktion, da eine beidseitige galvanische Metallisierung durch den Verzicht der Siebdruckmetallisierung möglich ist.Die Arbeit gliedert sich in drei Teile. Zu Beginn wird ein Modell entwickelt, um grundlegende Bedingungen für die simultane bifaziale Metallisierung zu ermitteln. Ein Spannungs-Strom-Modell wird aufgestellt, in eine Simulationsumgebung übertragen und wesentliche Einflussfaktoren (kontaktierte Seite(n), Beleuchtung) werden identifiziert. Neben der beidseitigen Kontaktierung erweist sich die einseitige Kontaktierung einer Solarzelle unter Variation der Beleuchtung für eine simultane, beiderseitige Abscheidung als geeignet. Ausgewählte Fälle zeigen die experimentelle Validierung des Modells. Die elektrische Kontaktierung wird hierbei als zentrale Herausforderung für die Umsetzung der modellierten Ansätze in einen Prozess identifiziert.Auf Grundlage des Modells wird ein Ansatz entwickelt, bei dem die Metallabscheidung auf jeder Seite einer bifazialen TOPCon Solarzelle sukzessive durchgeführt wird. Der wesentliche Aspekt dieses Konzepts ist die Kontaktierung der Laserkontaktöffnungen mit einer speziellen Kontakteinheit, die aus einem weichen leitfähigen Gewebe besteht, welches die Verteilung des Stroms ermöglicht. Eine optionale stromlos abgeschiedene Nickel-Keimschicht kann für eine verbesserte Kontaktierung in Betracht gezogen werden. Die Auswirkungen auftretender parasitärer Effekte (Elektrolytumgriff, Kantenabscheidung) werden sowohl experimentell als auch unter Anwendung des entwickelten Modells untersucht. Lösungsansätze zur Vermeidung der parasitären Effekte sind z. B. ein simultaner galvanischer Metallisierungsprozess, welcher die Auswirkungen des Elektrolytumgriffs ausnutzt.Abschließend wird die Umsetzung des entwickelten sukzessiven galvanischen Metallisierungsprozesses evaluiert. Mit dem Prozess wird ein am Fraunhofer ISE CalLab gemessener Wirkungsgrad von 23,84 % für eine bifaziale TOPCon-Solarzelle demonstriert, welcher die siebgedruckte Referenz, welche beim Hersteller auf identischen Präkursoren metallisiert wurde, mit nahezu 0,4 %abs übertrifft. Optimierungen des Laserstrukturierungsprozesses, der HF-Vorbehandlung und des Metallgitterentwurfs erlauben es in allen IV-Parameter (Voc, Jsc, FF) höhere Werte als die siebgedruckten Solarzellen zu erzielen. Darüber hinaus wird der galvanische Metallisierungsprozess als geeigneter Kandidat bezüglich der technologischen Optimierung des TOPCon Solarzellenkonzepts hinzu dünneren Poly-Si-Schichten angesehen. Des Weiteren zeigten Kostenrechnungen den wirtschaftlichen Vorteil des galvanischen Metallisierungsprozesses im Vergleich zur Siebdruck-Metallisierung, im Wesentlichen hervorgerufen durch den Ersatz von Silber durch Kupfer bezüglich Materialkosten und Verfügbarkeit.Das vorgestellte Modell ermöglicht ein tiefergehendes Verständnis von galvanischen Metallisierungsprozessen für bifaziale TOPCon-Solarzellen. Basierend auf diesen Erkenntnissen wird ein industrietauglicher Galvanikprozess entwickelt, welcher seine Leistungsfähigkeit und wirtschaftliche Konkurrenzfähigkeit im Vergleich zum Siebdruckverfahren unter Beweis stellt
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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