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Stochastic gradient boosting classification trees for forest fuel types mapping through airborne laser scanning and IRS LISS-III imagery
No full textThis paper presents an application of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data in conjunction with an IRS LISS-III image for mapping forest fuel types. For two study areas of 165 km2 and 487 km2 in Sicily (Italy),16,761 plots of size 30-m ×
30-m were distributed using a tessellation-based stratified sampling scheme.
ALS metrics and spectral signatures from IRS extracted for each plot were used as predictors to classify
forest fuel types observed and identified by photointerpretation and fieldwork. Following use of traditional
parametric methods that produced unsatisfactory results, three non-parametric classification approaches were tested: (i) classification and regression tree (CART), (ii) the CART bagging method called Random Forests, and (iii) the CART bagging/boosting stochastic gradient boosting (SGB) approach. This contribution summarizes previous experiences using ALS data for estimating forest variables useful for fire management in general and for fuel type mapping, in particular. It summarizes characteristics of
classification and regression trees, presents the pre-processing operation, the classification algorithms,and the achieved results. The results demonstrated superiority of the SGB method with overall accuracy
of 84%. The most relevant ALS metric was canopy cover, defined as the percent of non-ground returns.
Other relevant metrics included the spectral information from IRS and several other ALS metrics such as percentiles of the height distribution, the mean height of all returns, and the number of returns
Towards a sampling strategy for the assessment of forest condition at European level: combining country estimates
No full textL'articolo è diponibile sul sito dell'editore www.springerlink.comA correct characterization of the status and
trend of forest condition is essential to support reporting processes at national and international level. An international forest condition monitoring has been implemented in Europe since 1987 under the auspices
of the International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests). The monitoring is based on harmonized methodologies, with individual countries being responsible for its implementation. Due to inconsis-
tencies and problems in sampling design, however, the ICP
Forests network is not able to produce reliable quantitative
estimates of forest condition at European and sometimes at
country level. This paper proposes (1) a set of requirements
for status and change assessment and (2) a harmonized
sampling strategy able to provide unbiased and consistent
estimators of forest condition parameters and of their changes at both country and European level. Under the assumption that a common definition of forest holds among European countries, monitoring objectives, parameters of concern and accuracy indexes are stated. On the basis of fixed-area plot sampling performed independently in each country, an unbiased and consistent estimator of forest defoliation indexes is obtained at both country and European level, together with conservative estimators of their sampling variance and power in the detection of changes. The strategy adopts a probabilistic sampling scheme based on fixed-area plots selected by means of systematic or stratified schemes. Operative guidelines for its application are provided
[Energy and mass exchange and the productivity of the main ecosystems of Siberia (from eddy covariance measurements). 1. Heat balance structure in the vegetation season]. IZVESTIIA AKADEMII NAUK. SERIIA BIOLOGICHESKAIA, p. 728-737,
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A long-term simulation study to investigate the administration to humans of nutraceuticals and probiotics in a confined habitat
No full textLactoferrin concentration in buffalo milk
No full textThe objective of this study was to quantify
lactoferrin (Lfe) in buffalo milk and to examine the factors affecting milk Lfe, such as the
lactation stage, daily milk yield, parity, and
milk somatic cells count (SCC). Milk Lfe concentration was detected by the SDS-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The
overall mean of Lfe concentration was
0.332±0.165 g/kg and ranged from 0.030 to
0.813 g/kg. Milk Lfe concentrations increased
(P<0.01) with the increase of days in milk, but
it was not affected by parity. Milk Lfe concentration was significantly affected by SCC. The
differences became significant when the levels
of SCC increased up to 200,000/mL. This is the
first investigation on the levels of Lfe in buffalo milk in reference to daily milk production,
lactation stage, parity and SCC. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship
between Lfe and SCC in buffalo milk.n
El estado y la naci{\'o}n Cuesti{\'o}n nacional, centralismo y federalismo en la Europa del sur
No full textMachiavelli in Wolfenbüttel
No full textNel Marzo 2012 gli Autori hanno visitato, in qualità di Senior Guests (inseriti nel Programma 2011-2013) la Herzog August Bibliothek di Wol-fenbüttel, con lo scopo di rilevare evidenze bibliografiche relative ad edizioni di opere di Niccolò Machiavelli pubblicate fra il 1501 e il 1914. Sono state esaminate 190 edizioni, per un totale di 290 unità: 133 del 16. secolo, 107 del 17., 32 del 18. e 18 del 19. In confronto con la precedente bibliografia delle opere di Machiavelli (SERGIO BERTELLI, PIERO INNOCENTI, Bibliografia Machiavelliana, Verona, Valdonega, 1979), il quadro si presenta ora così: da 207 del 1501-1600 si è passati a 267; da 103 del 1601-1700 si è passati a 209; da 173 del 1701-1800, si è passati a 213; da 597 del 1801-1900 si è passati a 653; infine, da 0 del 1901-1914, si è passati a 36. Dopo la campagna di Marzo a Wolfenbüttel sono stati mossi altri passi, nelle biblioteche di: Firenze, Accademia della Crusca, Biblioteca Comunale centrale, ora «Biblioteca delle Oblate»; Berlin, Deutsche Staatsbibliothek, Roma, Biblioteca di Filosofia (Roma 1 La Sapienza), Biblioteca Angelica; inoltre, le biblioteche civiche di Arcidosso, Grosseto, Orbetello, Roccastrada, Terni.During March 2012 both Authors visited as Senior Guests (2011-2013 Programme) the Herzog August Bibliothek in Wolfenbüttel, with the aim to collect evidence about Niccolò Machiavelli's editions relating to the period 1501-1914. 190 editions have been examinated = 290 single items: 133 of the 16th century; 107 of the 17th century. 32 of the 18th century amd 18 of the 19th century. Compared with the evidence of the previous bibliography of Machiavelli's editions (S. BERTELLI, P. INNOCENTI, Bibliografia Machiavelliana, Verona, Valdonega, 1979), the evidence is now as it follows: 1501-1600, from 207 to 267; 1601-1700, from 103 to 209; 1701-1800, from 173 to 213; 1801-1900, from 597 to 653; 1910-1914, from 0 to 36. Further research steps were moved in 2012 in the following libraries and institutions: Florence, Accademia della Crusca and the formerly Biblioteca Comunale centrale, now-so-called «Biblioteca delle Oblate»; Berlin, Deutsche Staatsbibliothek, Rome, Biblioteca di Filosofia and Biblioteca Angelica, and Arcidosso's, Grosseto's, Orbetello's, Roccastrada's, Terni's public libraries
