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[Fotografie della Somalia: Opere in costruzione]
No full textImmagini appartenenti al Fondo iconografico Carlo Pedrini e messe a disposizione dalla Biblioteca di storia moderna e contemporanea (BSMC).Sawirro iska leh Fondo iconografico Carlo Pedrini, waxaana diyaariyay "Biblioteca di storia moderna e contemporanea (BSMC)".Images belonging to the Iconographic Fund "Carlo Pedrini"and provided by Biblioteca di storia moderna e contemporanea (BSMC).http://www.bsmc.it/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=5
Heimat Südtirol” : la cohabitation des germanophones et des italophones dans le département de Bolzane (Italie)
No full textL'obiettivo di questo studio è finalizzato a spiegare le ragioni della complessa convivenza tra gli abitanti di lingua tedesca e di lingua italiana della provincia di Bolzano – Alto Adige. Questa regione,
in passato territorio dell´impero austro-ungarico, fu annessa all´Italia nel 1918. Ancora oggi, i due terzi della popolazione sono di madrelingua tedesca e mantengono la loro specificità linguistica e culturale data da un'ampia autonomia legislativa e amministrativa, ottenuta grazie ad una lunga e radicata lotta per il riconoscimento, che ha vissuto delle fasi di acceso conflitto soprattutto negli anni 1950 e 1960. L'autonomia acquisita nel 1972 (Secondo Statuto di Autonomia) ha prodotto un sistema sociale – orchestrato a livello istituzionale e fomentato ideologicamente dal mondo politico e dei media – basato sulla separazione dei due gruppi linguistici. Ciò ha comportato e alimentato un diffuso “malessere” identitario della popolazione di lingua italiana. Questa realtà binaria si fonda infatti su una distinzione "etnica" in contraddizione con il discorso di interculturalità e bilinguismo che la sottende e la giustifica. Eppure questo "modello altoatesino" si configura come un blocco monolitico immodificabile e inerte che non è messo in discussione, come una “seconda natura”. Questa ricerca, frutto di un'´immersione nella vita di tutti giorni, ci porta a interrogare la quotidianità e la soggettività degli individui, accedendo alle loro visioni del mondo, analizzando il loro immaginario sociale, la(e) loro memoria(e) collettiva(e), la loro definizione dell´(gli) altro(i) e l´(e) identità altoatesina(e). Se la lingua e le istituzioni rendono difficile l´incontro tra i due gruppi, la dinamica di riproduzione della separazione è interiorizzata e praticata anche dagli individui stessi. Così, la Heimat - concetto della lingua tedesca che si è imposto largamente in questo lavoro – partecipa come "mondo-della-vita" a questa separazione vissuta, la cui messa in questione comprometterebbe le fondamenta di questo vivere insieme atipico, dato ormai per scontato. La sua dimensione utopica non permette di emanciparsene e di sviluppare un futuro possibile al di là della "Heimat Südtirol".Cette étude aspire à expliquer les raisons de la cohabitation - basée sur une différentiation linguistique - entre les germanophones et les italophones qui constituent la population du département du Haut-Adige/Tyrol du Sud (situé dans l'extrémité nord-orientale de l'Italie). Ce territoire, qui appartenait, historiquement, au Tyrol autrichien, a été annexé à l'Italie en 1918, raison pour laquelle il est constitué de deux tiers de germanophones qui ont toutefois réussi à maintenir leurs spécificités (notamment linguistique et culturelle) grâce à une large autonomie administrative et juridique, obtenue en 1972 après bien des vicissitudes faites de vexations et de luttes revendicatives. Cette autonomie a instauré un système social basé sur la séparation, institutionnellement orchestrée et idéologiquement alimentée par le monde politique et médiatique, des deux groupes linguistiques. Cela a engendré, chez les habitants italophones, un fort « malaise » identitaire. En partant du présupposé que le « modèle sud-tyrolien » - dont la genèse et la mise en pratique font l'objet d'explicitations - n´est pas remis en question dans la mesure ou il est désormais devenu une « seconde nature ». La question qui est au centre de cette recherche consiste à se demander pourquoi cette réalité binaire, fondée sur une distinction « ethnique », se maintient dans le temps malgré une ambition déclarée d'interculturalité et de bilinguisme. Cette étude, axée sur l'immersion dans la quotidienneté de la population, nous porte à interroger la quotidienneté et la subjectivité des individus : il s´agit d´accéder à leurs visions du monde grâce à l'analyse de leur imaginaire social, de leurs mémoires collectives, de leur définition de l´autre et des identités sud-tyroliennes. Ainsi, si la langue et les institutions freinent le contact entre les deux groupes, la dynamique de reproduction de la séparation est intériorisée et par conséquent pratiquée par les individus. De fait, la Heimat - concept propre au monde germanophone qui a fini par s'imposer largement au sein de ce travail - participe en tant que « monde-de-la-vie » à cette séparation vécue dont la remise en question saperait les fondements mêmes de ce vivre ensemble spécifique qui va désormais de soi. Malgré la « dimension utopique » qu'elle renferme (Bloch), il semble difficile, au vu du fatalisme de la population qui s'en remet aux générations à venir, de se soustraire à cette « Heimat Südtirol » qui ne laisse que peu de place à l'idée d'un avenir autre capable de dépasser la séparation
Il gatto selvatico Europeo (Felis silvestris silvestris) : studio per un metodo funzionale di ricerca popolazionistica
No full textThe wildcat is one of the most elusive mammalian carnivores in Italy. It is a species protected by the EC (Habitat Directive) and the efforts for its conservation are strictly related to a sound knowledge of its population parameters and genetic status. The different biological, genetic, taxonomic, phylogeographic and legal issues related to this species should all be considered in order to get to correct conclusions about its conservation status and the actions that should be applied. In this context I carried out my PhD thesis which has been developed through the collaboration between the Science Department of Roma Tre University, the Foreste Casentinesi National Park and the conservation genetics laboratory of ISPRA in Ozzano dell’ Emilia.
This work took into account three main objectives :
1. Evaluate a standardized integrated protocol for non-invasive monitoring applying a methodology that integrating the different non-invasive techniques allowed us to improve the collection of diversified data (genetic, ecological, ethological, photographic, etc. ..) exploiting the least possible sampling effort. In this work we developed a protocol in which the sampling campaign was stratified simultaneously into three different layers: the camera-trapping layer, the scat-surveying and the hair-traps sprayed with valerian tincture (Valeriana officinalis). Using this method we were able to associate the genetic datum to the photographic one, identifying wildcats individuals, detecting hybridization traces, assessing the invasiveness of domestic cats and studying the reactions to the attractor. Alongside it was possible also to take advantage of the versatility of the camera-trapping in order to observe some aspects of the wildcat behaviour and the relationships with some potential competitors. This protocol has been chosen by the Biodiversity Department of the State Forestry Corps operating in the Foreste Casentinesi National Park as a tool for investigating the European wildcat in the integral Natural Reserve of Sasso Fratino.
2. Study more efficient genetic markers for assessing admixture and introgression between wildcat and domestic cat. In the second section, taking advantage of a fruitful collaboration with a ISPRA researcher, we performed a wide genetic investigation of novel loci to establish a set of diagnostic tools suitable for accurately detect levels of introgressive hybridization between European wildcats and domestic cats. 150 samples (including putative European wildcats, captive and putative hybrids and domestic cats) from 15 different European countries and previously analysed at 31 microsatellites loci were analysed with an Illumina Infinium iSelect 63K Cat DNA Array from which SNPs were selected the 151 most informative. Results from Bayesian model-based computations of simulated and empiric genotypes showed that the entire set of 151 markers provided successful estimates of admixture, correctly assigning all parental, F1-F2 hybrids and first and second generation backcrosses. A direct comparison between most informative SNPs and STRs proved the outperforming power of SNPs on admixture detection and inferring admixed ancestries. To increase the temporal depth of such analysis and check for a possible hidden introgression were also analysed a total of 1269 bp of mtDNA (a coding portion of ND5 containing 7 putative diagnostic mutation and the Region of Control) and two markers on the Y chromosome (SMCY STR-7 and a SNP on the SRY gene). These markers allowed us to draw a phylogenetic history of the samples from which emerged two possible different transmission events that led to a mitochondrial haplotypes sharing between the wild and domestic population opening the way for further studies to better understand the phenomenon. Results were organized in a manuscript that is currently under preparation:
3. Clarify the phylogeographic history of the species in Europe. The second work mentioned above has shown how different haplotypes characterized by typical domestic polymorphisms appeared with good frequency in the wild population. So in this last one part we provided the preliminary results of a phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis sequencing 669 bp of the subunit 5 of NADH dehydrogenase of 717 samples of European wildcats, domestic cats and putative hybrids collected from 14 different locations in Europe previously analysed using 31 microsatellite loci. In this work, we have deepened the phylogeography of wildcat in Europe and shed light on the causes that led to the cytonuclear discordance on several individuals. Further analyses are underway for the definition of effective sample size and migration rates between the groups identified
In conclusion, this work aimed to propose a multidisciplinary approach to deal with the problems of conservation of the wildcat defining the most efficient and standardized tools possible that could mediate a reasonable operational effort with a high quantity and quality of data
Power generating unit for the future more electric aircraft : power electronic converter modelling and design
No full textThis thesis deals with the performance assessment of different permanent magnet motor drives topologies for Starter/Generator systems in aircraft applications. The comparison will focus on power electronics topologies, evaluating, by means of simulations performed with Matlab/Simulink and Plexim Plecs, some relevant key points such as efficiency, losses and motor current harmonic distortion. For all the topologies, simulations will be carried out considering both 2-Levels and 3- Levels converter structures, and different machine rangements. All the power electronics systems data are obtained from off-the-shelf power modules characteristics, both Silicon and Silicon Carbide technology based. Starting from the comparison results, the topology showing the best compromise between efficiency and current THD will be analytically modelled, and a specific control algorithm will be derived to
evaluate across all the operating points the performance of the proposed power electronic
arrangement. An accurate prototype design will then be discussed, focusing on the challenging aspects related to the chosen topology, and an extensive experimental tests campaign will be carried out in order to validate the proposed power electronics topologies comparison
I controlli interni e il risk management nella Pubblica Amministrazione : dai controlli amministrativi al piano anticorruzione
No full textSia le imprese private che la Pubblica Amministrazione non possono più sottrarsi alla gestione integrata dei rischi che interessano la propria organizzazione. Partendo da tale premessa, scopo del lavoro presentato è quello di illustrare le motivazioni e le esigenze che sono alla base dell’implementazione di una sistematica gestione dei rischi, nonché quello di trattare della loro governance e supervisione. In contesti operativi divenuti sempre più competitivi, complessi e con risorse scarse, non è più possibile sottrarsi all’analisi puntuale delle varie tipologie di rischi che interessano lo svolgimento dei processi e delle attività aziendali al fine di creare valore aggiunto per gli stakeholders.
Il rischio zero non esiste ed ogni attività o decisione strategica comporta sempre un certa alea di imprevedibilità. Non esiste un modello uniforme di gestione dei rischi che possa essere adoperato in qualsiasi organizzazione. Il risk manager ha il compito principale di costruire un “vestito su misura” adatto alle specifiche esigenze aziendali che consenta di non navigare a vista. Piuttosto che essere dominati dagli eventi è sempre il caso di agire e di muoversi in anticipo, per cercare di arginarne gli effetti negativi o per coglierne le potenzialità.
Nel tempo si è assistito ad una progressiva “privatizzazione” della P.A. e molte delle esperienze e degli strumenti gestionali adoperati nelle amministrazioni pubbliche sono stati traslati proprio dal mondo delle imprese private (ad esempio con la metodologia dei Modelli organizzativi ex d.lgs. 231/2001 applicati alla lotta contro la corruzione). Le funzioni di pianificazione e controllo (P&C) e di internal auditing sono i principali strumenti a supporto degli amministratori per monitorare quali siano le criticità riscontrate che non consentono di raggiungere gli obiettivi prefissati.
Attraverso un’analisi puntuale della letteratura scientifica disponibile, degli standard internazionali e delle norme tecniche UNI ISO, nel corso della tesi vengono affrontati temi strettamente connessi al risk management attinenti sia il mondo delle imprese che delle amministrazioni pubbliche.
Dopo aver fornito una panoramica sullo stato dell’arte del risk management, esaminato gli elementi di debolezza legati alle difficoltà di stima e fornito il quadro di possibili scenari futuri, i case studies presentati, relativi ai controlli amministrativi sui fondi strutturali UE e al Piano anticorruzione nella P.A., concludono la ricerca.
L’auspicio per il futuro è che la gestione dei rischi sia avvertita come un’esigenza interna prima ancora che dettata da un’imposizione esterna del legislatore. È necessario un cambiamento culturale e di maggiore accountability sui risultati raggiunti ma il percorso sembra avviato e ineludibile
Efficiency or redistribution? An empirical study of implications of VAT design
No full textA structure of differentiated rates has traditionally been the preferred instrument by policymakers to mitigate the regressive impact of VAT on low-income families, who tend to allocate a higher share of their budget for final consumption in relation to high income families. The question that arises however is whether there exists a better alternative in terms of the redistributive impact when considering a fully developed tax system encompassing more suitable forms of direct taxation (Mirrlees, 2011). The nature of VAT acts as an indirect mean of redistribution, and in this sense, the presence of unpredictable and heterogeneous preferences and needs may affect the original redistributive impact of a differentiated tax structure, if the fragmentation of the rates results in an excessive dispersion of the desired effect around the average tax schedule. By decomposing the overall redistributive effect of VAT into a vertical and horizontal component of taxation (Aronson et al., 1994; Lambert and Ramos, 1995), the analysis shows how the existing Italian three-rate structure does not represent the best alternative in both redistributive and efficiency terms. More specifically, given the same increase of revenue expected for 2018, a homogenous two-rate scenario would generate a higher vertical redistribution whilst minimising the horizontal inequality arising from the presence of individual tastes and needs
William James: psychology and ontology of continuity
No full textIntroduction: The thesis William James: Psychology and Ontology of Continuity addresses the issue of the continuity of consciousness in William James, considering also its possible actualization. In particular, this work aims at outlining critically the various theoretical perspectives that influenced James’s philosophical discourse. On the wave of the Darwinian theory of evolution, James’s reflections originate in the field of late 19th century physiological psychology where he develops more and more intensely the exigency of a renewed epistemology and a new metaphysical framework for gathering the most interesting scientific theories and discoveries about the human mind. The analysis of the theme of continuity allows us to capture, from the historical and the theoretical point of view, the importance of James’s gradual translation of psychological experimental observations of the continuity of thought into an ontological perspective according to which continuity constitutes a feature of reality. Indeed, such an analysis clarifies James's position within his own historical context, as well as highlighting the most original outcomes of his work.
Whilst many of James’s phenomenological and psychological insights had an important and far-reaching influence, the aspect of continuity, although mentioned by some scholars, has not been properly analysed to date. This is firstly due to the great attention that interpreters have commonly paid to James’s individualist attitude, hence to the tychistic or variant features of reality. Secondly, it is important to consider that the main interpretative stream of pragmatism narrowed the comparison between James and Charles S. Peirce into a paradigmatic polarization, so that James was mainly considered as the philosopher of nominalism and individuality, while Peirce was labeled as the realist in search of a mathematical continuum that would match with his theory of infinite semiosis.
It is important to acknowledge that James was immediately intrigued by the contradictory synthetic unity of mental states that he could draw from his description of the continuity of the states of consciousness, in so far as they preserved both real continuity and real divisibility. The vague aspect of experience was not fully reproducible in conceptual terms, and in logical terms it resulted in a contradiction. James’s elaboration of this problematic issue should be considered within the shift of paradigms that was taking place in the first half of the 20th century. Such an epochal change affected James’s elaboration, particularly through the theoretical and methodological advancements that were made in the fields of physiology and biological sciences throughout the 19th century. The formulation of a continuum capable of retaining both the synthetic and the power of individuation also became a critical issue for James. By developing his philosophical arguments, he persuaded himself that the dualistic approach was unsatisfactory when defining a descriptive ontology. A new scientific paradigm, that he himself would have helped later to criticize and change from within, was necessary to establish a gradual amelioration of his research work.
The work of James is for the most part a work of epistemological critique, since he relentlessly claimed that temperamental and metaphysical assumptions affected even the supposed neutral direction of science, as it did every other field of human knowledge. Sellars’s challenge to the “myth of the given” is the ripest fruit of the critical work internal to the empiricist-naturalist-positivistic mentality, but such criticism of the supposed neutrality of sense data began long before and in different fields of knowledge with the contribution of thinkers such as Peirce, Ernst Mach (1838 - 1916) and, in a particular mode, Henri Bergson (1859-1941). Many critics, including James himself, recognized that Peirce’s and, especially, Bergson’s theories were the most significant philosophical sources for James’s elaboration of the continuity of reality. In fact, whilst there are specific differences between their philosophies, James gleaned important philosophical legitimacy from Bergson’s sharp criticism of intellectualism (or absolute rationalism) and his assertion that the “philosophy of mechanicism” implies “psychological determinism” was, most probably, particularly appreciated by James. However, considering the results of James's and Bergson’s inquiries, it seems clear that there are significant differences between their theoretical outcomes. Such differences are connected with their own differing philosophical training and, more generally, different cultural frameworks : James remains profoundly committed to Anglo-American empiricism, whereas Bergson shows distinctive traits of the Cartesian tradition. Nevertheless, their philosophical engagement with freedom, that is to say, with the deconstruction of all idealisms that might obstruct the honest search for truth, is the most significant and, indeed, resistant undertone of both their philosophies.
James’s and Bergson’s temporalization of scientific paradigms accords with the rehabilitation of theories of direct perception within a more extended and enriched conception of experience. In this sense, it seems that the effort to preserve a real space for the freedom of research in the scientific and latu sensu cultural fields of society was a common trend at the time, involving also Peirce and Mach. That is to say that the liberty was to be practically pursued in the methodology of research which tirelessly attempted to recognize and take into account the powers involved in epistemological play. The social and natural observable features of human beings suggested that these powers consist in the conceptual meanings transmitted by historical tradition, and the physiological and biological interests that affect human beings. More specifically, James claimed that these psychological tendencies worked exactly in the direction of dogmatic assumptions. The tangle of conceptual and physiological cognitive dimensions is thus the crucial point that emerges in these years, and it reveals particularly interesting interdisciplinary and insightful aspects in the pragmatism reception.
The introductory section of this work will present the main lines of research and indicate a possible new outcome in the attempt to denote in a vitalistic sense the epistemological realism of James. Moreover, the theoretical and methodological criteria will focus upon identifying and clarifying the key terms of his analysis, in particular with regard to philosophical terms. Considering the naturalist and continuum ontology embraced by James, and taking into account the pluralistic definition of his metaphysics, it seems important to dwell upon the distinction between ontology and metaphysics. The cultural atmosphere of the beginning of the 20th century can be revived through the clarification of the current interpretations of these terms, at least in the Anglo-American context. To such an aim, framing the objectives of James’s polemical discourse and acknowledging the characteristic mixture of some unjustified assumptions that silently influenced the progress of scientific research, is very promising.
The thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter is a direct reading of some key chapters of the Principles of Psychology (1890), and of James’s articles that can be considered as previous drafts. The analysis will focus particularly upon PP IX The Stream of Thought, X The Consciousness of Self, XV The Perception of Time; PP II XIX The Perception of Reality, and XX The Perception of Space. Through this overview, I will also try to reconstruct the indirect state of psychological research, particularly that of experimental psychology. James mounted lucid criticisms of the atomism of sensation and associationist psychology, focusing upon critical interconnections between psychology and philosophy, methodology and theory. This chapter is an important support for my epistemological reading of James’s theories.
The second chapter is a recollection of the most interesting contributions to the issue of continuity produced by three major interlocutors of James, to whom extensive correspondence and interesting analogies have traditionally drawn scholars’ attention. At the time, Peirce, Bergson, and Mach were three resonant voices on the cultural horizon and nowadays their influence is regarded as undeniable, especially with regard to the critical-methodological and epistemological aspects of their reflections in different areas of research. Such an indirect reconnaissance of the main influences on and criticisms of James’s elaboration of the issue of continuity will be outlined in proportion to the intensity of the relationship between James and these authors, and some of the most interesting topics at that time will be focused upon. This work of clarification, which is pursued through the acquisition of contemporary external points of view, is important to show both the historical and theoretical context of certain assumptions made by James (e.g. synechistic pluralism) and to emphasize the peculiarities of his philosophical reflection. An accurate contextualization enables us to notice James’s adherence and contribution to that group of thinkers that witnessed the collapse of mechanical models in physics due to the irruption of the issue of temporality. Such a situation opened the way to theories of relativity and new epistemic models based upon the idea of uncertainty rather than on absolute truths or solid certainties .
The third chapter finally focuses upon the philosophical texts of James. The intention of this analysis is to highlight the psychological assumptions and the epistemological principles that James firstly developed within his psycho-physiological training. More specifically, the aim of such analysis is to show that these principles remain important acknowledgments because they shape significant traits of James’s view. In this regard, the cognitively active and selective description of mind suggested to James a necessary enrichment of the notion of rationality to the extent that it included “personal reasons”. His paradigmatic distinction between rationalists and empiricists already appears in 1897 as the physiological and temperamental distinction between 'tender- minded' and 'tough- minded', and was already expression of James’s tendency towards a new radically empiricist epistemology. The general enrichment of the scientific approach to human beings and their faculties found in pragmatism a natural and valuable new methodology. According to pragmatist methodology, in fact, the meaning of concepts could be enhanced by considering all their possibly conceivable (theoretical and practical) consequences.
From the beginning, James’s radicalization of empiricism was connected to a pluralistic metaphysics which was supposed to leave room for every human reason and to consign to human beings’ potentialities the actualization of novelty. In SPP he still thought of the alternative between monism and pluralism as the possibility of real novelty. Like change, novelty was really possible in a world still in-the-making, but it was difficult to show how it could happen and he finally formulated the hypothesis of small drops in which reality comes to be all at once. This solution was assumed to be possible and probable by James, even if it raised some difficulties as to what his general view concerns. Some tensions still remain between his monistic or pluralistic connotation of pluralism, which can be relevant even for his more general connection of epistemology and ontology, and the classification of his hypothesis of pure experience. However, his urgency to stress the sensualist side of knowledge and reality was mainly due to James's effort to avoid falling into surreptitious intellectualist lines of thought. Some of the essays included in MT and ERE are particularly interesting for the analysis of feelings and relations. They treated some core arguments for James's recovery of the theory of direct perception within his doctrine of radical empiricism and his metaphysical theory of pure experience.
The Conclusion focused upon the relevance of some of James's most precious studies and insights have for our times. Recollecting the key points and the theoretical issues upon which James seemed to devote long and deep reflection, and given the general reconstruction of his philosophical view, interesting lines of influence can be drawn, connecting him to contemporary branches of psychology and philosophy. For instance, there are interesting continuities with contemporary revivals of Dewey’s psychology and other significant affinities can be found with certain contemporary phenomenological approaches to neuroscience
Methodologies for emergency management in critical infrastructures
No full textCritical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) is a concept that relates to the preparedness and response to severe incidents involving the critical infrastructures of a country. These incidents include terrorist attacks or large black--‐outs that may produce severe consequences for the citizens and the society in general. Traditionally, each infrastructure takes care of its own system. For example, reliability indexes are used by the electrical utility to measure the quality of the electrical service. However, after the events of 9/11, Katrina, and others, it became clear that considering infrastructures separately was not sufficient to prepare for and respond to large disasters in an effective manner that prioritizes not the individual infrastructure states but the overall societal impact. A new era of research on interdependencies and best decisions during emergencies emerged. A relatively large body of knowledge has built in recent years for modeling the CI interdependencies problem from a number of points of view. This is an area that affects society as a whole and, therefore, many disciplines have to come together for its understanding including computer science, systems engineering, and human aspects. This thesis represents an extensive and thorough work not only in reviewing the state--‐of--‐the art in critical infrastructure protection but also in bringing together, within an integrated structural framework, a number of models that represent various aspects of the problem. This framework is applied to build and analyze realistic scenarios. The body of the thesis can be divided into three aspects: I) Preliminary Notions (Chapters 2 and 3), II) Situation Awareness and Impact Analysis Methodologies (Chapters 4, 5, and 6), and III) Decision Support Systems (Chapter 7). This sequence builds the path from data collection to situational awareness, to best responses
40 years later: automatic transcription of Somali
No full textMany African countries are challenged with the need of preserving their cultural oral heritage, this article exposes the first signs of automatic transcription processing of the oral patrimony of the Republic of Djibouti.Dalal badan oo ka tirsan Afrika waxay loolan kula jiraan sidii ay u xifdin lahaayeen hiddaha iyo dhaqankooda aan qornayn, maqaalkaani wuxuu muujinaya tallabadii ugu horreeysay ee hawsha si otomaatig ah loogu qoro hiddaha iyo dhaqanka ee Jamhuuriyadda Jabuuti ee aan qornayn.Molti paesi africani si confrontano con il bisogno impellente di salvaguardare il proprio patrimonio culturale orale, questo articolo illustra i primi segni di elaborazione della trascrizione automatica del materiale culturale orale della Repubblica di Gibuti.Cabdirashid M. Ismaaciil, Cabdalla C. Mansuur, Saynab A. Sharci (eds.
Somaliland Academic Stuff: Identity, functions, and institutional development
No full textThis paper aims at sheding light on the underlying function of higher education in Somaliland on the basis of a survey and interview responses of academics of the region.Maqaalkaani wuxuu baarayaa xaaladda waxbarashada dugsiyada sare ee Somaliland, waxayna baaristaas ku salaysan tahay wareysiyo lala yeeshay aqoonyahannada gobolka.L'articolo mira a fare luce sulla funzione dell'istruzione superiore in Somaliland sulla base di una ricerca e di interviste ad accademici della regione.Document provided by Bildhaan, Digital Commons at Macalester College.Dokumentigan waxaa dadka u soo bandhigay Bildhaan, Digital Commons jaamacadda "Macalester College".Documento messo a disposizione da Bildhaan, Digital Commons del Macalester College.Link: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/bildhaan