OA Earth-prints Repository
Not a member yet
16457 research outputs found
Sort by
Paleomagnetic inclinations and relative paleointensity variations during the upper Aptian to middle Albian in Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, South Atlantic Ocean (NE Brazil)
No full textDuring the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, Earth's magnetic field experienced a high frequency of polarity reversals. This hyperactivity period is followed by a ∼38 Myr prolonged period of stable normal polarity from the Aptian until the Santonian, known as the Cretaceous Normal Superchron (CNS; chron C34n, from 121.4 to 83.65 Ma). Ho wever , the CNS might have been characterized by more variability than previously thought, but the current database is uneven in its spatial and temporal distribution. In this study, we integrate paleomagnetic and biostratigraphic data from the SER-03 sedimentary core, drilled onshore in the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, NE Brazilian margin, South Atlantic Ocean. The 183-m cored interval spans 5.2 Myr (114.7-109.5 Ma), including the Aptian-Albian transition. It records the evolution from restricted marine settings to the complete opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. Magnetic remanence and rock magnetic parameters, such as magnetic susceptibility, anhysteretic remanent magnetization and isothermal remanent magnetization, were measured. Rock magnetic analyses indicated that primary magnetizations were preserved throughout the interval, with detrital magnetite identified as the primary magnetic carrier, predominantly in the pseudo-single domain and low-coercivity states. Normalizations by χ , ARM 15mT and IRM 15mT were used to determine relative paleointensity curves and were compared to the curve resulting from the pseudo-Thellier method. The SER-03 relative paleointensity record shows marked changes in both intensity and inclination. Inclination instability results are comparable with those found in volcanic rocks from surrounding the region. The high-resolution SER-03 magnetic record revealed that the field variability was higher than expected during the CNS, but remaining substantially lower than during other periods, such as the late Jurassic. The new SER-03 can serve as a dating and correlation tool for coe v al records.Published1079–1095OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorioJCR Journa
Temperatures recorded from January 2019 to February 2023 in the high-temperature fumaroles of the active cone of La Fossa Caldera
No full textI have attached the manuscript resubmitted after making the changes requested by the reviewers. The Data Report is published in a Special Issue of Bulletin of Volcanology, Copyright © 2024, International Association of Volcanology & Chemistry of the Earth's Interior.The thermal monitoring of high-temperature fumaroles (HTF) located at the summit of La Fossa cone (Island of Vulcano, Italy), is based on the acquisition of high temporal resolution data. The HTF stations are part of a multi-parameter surveillance network. The longest time series of HTF temperatures has tracked the thermal effects of many exhaling crises that have affected the active volcanic system under la Fossa caldera, for over 40 years. The HTF records always showed a medium term period (from weeks to several months) of increasing heat flow before of the following impulsive onset. The last impulsive onset occurred in 2021, and reached the acme of the exhaling crisis in early November. The INGV surveillance network, detected different anomalous signals, allowing the scientific community to closely follow the surface effects of processes originated at depth. The very first signals detected during unrests were the increases in outlet temperatures and steam output from fumaroles, correlated to an enhanced concentration of acidic gas species. The episodes of unrest have been generally accompanied by an increase in seismo-volcanic events with, sometimes negligible, ground deformation. On this close conduit volcano, we are facing the upgrading of thermal monitoring at the ground level. Starting from these long-term monitoring datasets, used as ground control data, we are also testing the most advanced technical facilities supplied by the optical sensors (either ground, air or space based) to define the time variations of the thermal release over large surfaces.This research was funded by the INGV-DPC (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia—Italian Civil Protection Department) volcanic surveillance program of Vulcano Island. This study has benefited from funding provided by the Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri—Dipartimento della Protezione Civile (OvFu 0304.010).Published30OSV4: Preparazione alle crisi vulcanicheJCR Journa
QUIN 2.0 - new release of the QUaternary fault strain INdicators database from the Southern Apennines of Italy
No full textQUIN database integrates and organizes structural-geological information from published and unpublished sources to constrain deformation in seismotectonic studies. The initial release, QUIN1.0, comprised 3,339 Fault Striation Pairs, mapped on 445 sites exposed along the Quaternary faults of central Italy. The present Data Descriptor introduces the QUIN 2.0 release, which includes 4,297 Fault Striation Pairs on 738 Structural Sites from southern Italy. The newly investigated faults span ~500 km along the Apennines chain, with strikes transitioning from ~SE to ~SW and comprehensively details Fault Striation Pairs' location, attitude, kinematics, and deformation axes. Additionally, it offers a shapefile of the fault traces hosting the data. The QUIN 2.0 release offers a significant geographic extension to the QUIN 1.0, with comprehensive description of local geometric-kinematic complexities of the regional pattern. The QUIN data may be especially relevant for constraining intra-Apennine potential seismogenic deformation patterns, where earthquake data only offer scattered or incomplete information. QUIN's data will support studies aimed at enhancing geological understanding, hazard assessment and comprehension of fault rupture propagation and barriers.Published189OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremotoJCR Journa
The 2020 European Seismic Hazard Model: overview and results
No full textThe 2020 update of the European Seismic Hazard Model (ESHM20) is the most recent and up-to-date assessment of seismic hazard for the Euro-Mediterranean region. The new model, publicly released in May 2022, incorporates refined and cross-border harmonized earthquake catalogues, homogeneous tectonic zonation, updated active fault datasets and geological information, complex subduction sources, updated area source models, a smoothed seismicity model with an adaptive kernel optimized within each tectonic region, and a novel ground motion characteristic model. ESHM20 supersedes the 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model (ESHM13; Woessner et al., 2015) and provides full sets of hazard outputs such as hazard curves, maps, and uniform hazard spectra for the Euro-Mediterranean region. The model provides two informative hazard maps that will serve as a reference for the forthcoming revision of the European Seismic Design Code (CEN EC8) and provides input to the first earthquake risk model for Europe (Crowley et al., 2021). ESHM20 will continue to evolve and act as a key resource for supporting earthquake preparedness and resilience throughout the Euro-Mediterranean region under the umbrella of the European Facilities for Seismic Hazard and Risk consortium (EFEHR Consortium).Published3049-3073OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremotoJCR Journa
A High‐Resolution Seismic Catalog for the Southern Apennines (Italy) Built Through Template‐Matching
No full textThe incompleteness of earthquake catalogs is a well-known issue caused by our technical limitation in detecting the small-to very small-magnitude seismicity falling near or below the background seismic noise. The detection of small-magnitude events is fundamental for improving our knowledge of geometry and kinematics of seismogenic sources and the spatio-temporal characteristics of seismicity, thus leading to better models for seismic hazard. Template-matching (TM) is a powerful technique that, based on similarity measure (cross-correlation) of seismic waveforms, allows to detect hidden earthquakes that are similar to known events (called templates). The high computational effort often limits such technique to small areas and for short time frames (less than 1 year). In this work, we present the first application of template-matching at regional scale for the Italian Peninsula, focusing on the Southern Apennines. We use about 3,600 high-quality events as templates, scanning 6-year long continuous recordings (2009–2014), at more than 180 stations of the INGV network. About 20,000 new events are found, showing a comparable quality to the template catalog in terms of hypocentral solution, reaching a decrease of the magnitude of completeness of about one unit. To highlight the improved quality of the TM catalog, we report two main examples regarding the Sannio-Matese area, where TM allowed us to unravel relevant details on the spatio-temporal distribution of the local seismicity.- PRIN-2017 project MUSE 4D (2017KT2MKE) Overtime tectonic, dynamic and rheologic control on destructive multiple seismic events—Special Italian Faults and Earthquakes: From real 4-D cases to models.
- FURTHER project “The role of FlUids in the pReparaTory pHase of EaRthquakes in Southern Apennines” funded by the Strategic Earthquake Department of Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Italy).Publishede2023GC011160OST5 Verso un nuovo MonitoraggioJCR Journa
Un'indagine sui pregiudizi di genere nelle risposte di ChatGPT
No full textL’articolo esplora l’impatto di ChatGPT, un modello di linguaggio di grandi dimensioni, evidenziando il dibattito tra le sue capacità innovative e le implicazioni etiche, in
particolare analizzando dei bias di genere che affliggono le risposte di ChatGPT. Si evidenzia come ChatGPT possa perpetuare stereotipi di genere, ma anche come con
l’intervento degli utenti si possano mitigare i bias. Replicando nel Giugno 2023 l’esperimento di (Gross, 2023), che indaga le risposte di ChatGPT su domande con un
evidente dimensione di genere, si rilevano distorsioni e stereotipi. Si analizzano esempi di risposte discriminatorie e stereotipate su ruoli professionali, storie di successo, curriculum vitae, e abilità matematiche. Infine, si nota come il comportamento dei “Large Language Models” manchi di trasparenza nei criteri che producono le risposte. Per gestire questi problemi si suggerisce l’intervento di organismi regolatori sovranazionali, promuovendo la trasparenza e la qualità dei dati. Si conclude con l’importanza del coinvolgimento degli utenti nel miglioramento dei sistemi AI per una società più equa e priva di pregiudizi.Published109-115OS: Terza mission
Seismological data workflow for dissemination and recovery of emergency seismic data in Italy
No full textn seismology, the swift deployment of seismic stations following an earthquake event is crucial for optimizing network coverage, facilitating accurate aftershock localization and characterizing the ongoing seismic sequence. SISMIKO [Moretti et al., 2023; DOI 10.3389/feart.2023.1146579] at Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is an operational group specifically designed for the rapid installation of seismic stations in post-earthquake scenarios. Comprising trained personnel equipped with state-of-the-art technology, this group operates with the primary objective of augmenting existing seismic networks in epicentral area to capture aftershock activity comprehensively. Since 2008, thanks to the experience acquired during a series of destructive seismic sequences (i.e. L’Aquila in 2009, Po Plain in 2012 and Central Italy in 2016), SISMIKO worked for codifying a set of procedures that are now in place and that allow to provide a rapid response after an earthquake, managing preconfigured metadata parameters, the real-time centralization of all temporary seismic stations and a dedicated data acquisition system. This guarantees fast data availability for research purposes without any restrictions, and, if necessary, supports the INGV monitoring room 24/7 seismic surveillance system.
For example, after the Mw 5.5, 9 November 2022 Costa Marchigiana offshore earthquake, data from seven rapidly deployed seismic stations were online within twelve hours from the event occurrence, aiding seismic emergency response.
The scientific community can get high-quality data acquired by the SISMIKO group through the Italian node of the European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA [Danecek et al., 2021; DOI: 10.1785/0220200409.]). To better support the Open Science paradigm and the FAIR principles, data streams related to each seismic sequence are identified through Digital Object Identifier (DOI) assigned by the Data Registry [INGV DMO, 2020; DOI: 10.13127/data- registry], and they integrate those available from the permanent Italian National Seismic Network.
Furthermore, these procedures also facilitate the recovery and standardization of continuous digital waveform datasets from the past 20 years, supporting global seismic activities and hazard studies. This rapid dissemination of data can support activities of the global seismological community, enhancing timely comprehension of earthquake sequences and facilitating seismic hazard studies.PublishedCorfu (Greece)OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggi
Holocene surface-rupturing paleo-earthquakes along the Kachchh Mainland Fault: shaping the seismic landscape of Kachchh, Western India
No full textThis study explores the seismotectonics of Kachchh in western India, a region with a low-to-moderate strain rate and a history of significant earthquakes, notably the 1819, Mw 7.8 Allah Bund, and the 2001, Mw 7.6 Bhuj. Despite its substantial seismic risk, comprehensive studies on Kachchh’s seismogenic sources are scarce. This is attributed to the concealed nature of active structures, hindering definitive age constraints in paleoseismological research. Our research comprises a detailed paleoseismic analysis of the north-verging, reverse Jhura Fault underlying the Jhura anticline, a segment of the Kachchh Mainland Fault. This fault segment shows evidence of surface-rupturing earthquakes in the area south of the Great Rann of Kachchh. The investigation reveals three paleoseismic events: Event I before 9.72 ka B.P., Event II between 8.63–8.20 ka B.P., and Event III between 6.20–6.09 ka B.P. The elapsed time since the last event on this fault is > 8000 years, suggesting that the area is exposed to a significant earthquake hazard. This highlights the need for more precise characterization of individual seismogenic sources for future earthquake preparedness.Published11612OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremotoOST3 Vicino alla fagliaJCR Journa
QUIN 2.0 - new release of the QUaternary fault strain INdicators database from the Southern Apennines of Italy
No full textQUIN database integrates and organizes structural-geological information from published and unpublished sources to constrain deformation in seismotectonic studies. The initial release, QUIN1.0, comprised 3,339 Fault Striation Pairs, mapped on 445 sites exposed along the Quaternary faults of central Italy. The present Data Descriptor introduces the QUIN 2.0 release, which includes 4,297 Fault Striation Pairs on 738 Structural Sites from southern Italy. The newly investigated faults span ~500 km along the Apennines chain, with strikes transitioning from ~SE to ~SW and comprehensively details Fault Striation Pairs' location, attitude, kinematics, and deformation axes. Additionally, it offers a shapefile of the fault traces hosting the data. The QUIN 2.0 release offers a significant geographic extension to the QUIN 1.0, with comprehensive description of local geometric-kinematic complexities of the regional pattern. The QUIN data may be especially relevant for constraining intra-Apennine potential seismogenic deformation patterns, where earthquake data only offer scattered or incomplete information. QUIN's data will support studies aimed at enhancing geological understanding, hazard assessment and comprehension of fault rupture propagation and barriers.Published189OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremotoJCR Journa