25325 research outputs found
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Europe’s Post-National Utopia: Robert Menasse Between Brussels and Auschwitz
No full textThe essay examines Robert Menasse’s literary and theoretical exploration of the European project through his major works Der europäische Landbote, Die Hauptstadt, and Die Erweiterung. Menasse conceives Europe as a “post-national utopia” founded on the moral legacy of Auschwitz and the Enlightenment ideals of solidarity and peace. In Die Hauptstadt, the European Commission becomes both stage and metaphor for the contradictions of a union torn between bureaucratic pragmatism and ethical purpose. By linking Brussels and Auschwitz, Menasse exposes Europe’s amnesia toward its founding principle – “Never again” – and its transformation from a peace project into an economic mechanism. Der europäische Landbote reinterprets Büchner’s revolutionary pamphlet to call for a renewed European democracy beyond national frameworks, while Die Erweiterung tests these ideals within the realpolitik of EU enlargement and the instrumentalization of historical memory. Through irony, polyphony, and intertextual dialogue, Menasse constructs a moral and literary space where Europe’s failures and hopes are confronted. His vision, as the article shows, remains both critical and utopian: a defense of a Europe capable of remembering its past while imagining a future of shared responsibility and transnational justice
The digital boothmate in an educational setting: students’ experience with SmarTerp
No full textThis study investigates the impact of the ASR-AI Computer-Assisted Interpreting (CAI) tool SmarTerp on simultaneous interpreting (SI) performance in an educational setting. Its novelty lies in a multi-measure approach, whereby subjects were tested for CAI-enhanced performance, CAI-induced stress, and tool usability and satisfaction. Following a review of cognitive challenges in SI and problem triggers, we describe the experiment, which involved 24 interpreting students at the University of Bologna, tested with and without SmarTerp support, after specific training with this CAI tool. Performance was assessed at the trigger (e.g. numbers, terms, named entities) and sentence levels. Statistically significant improvements at trigger level with the CAI-tool included increase in correct renditions (p< 0.0001) and decrease in omissions (p=0.002) and semantic errors (p< 0.0001) already from the first test session. The same trend was detected at sentence level. Students reported general satisfaction with the tool’s usability and support but emphasised the need for specific training and improvements in tool latency. Although overreliance and occasional distraction were noted, the findings confirm that CAI tools like SmarTerp can enhance SI performance when properly integrated into interpreter training. The study advocates for more empirical research and tailored training to optimise digital support in interpreter education
Qualche errore e qualche esagerazione sul modo di agire e sulla posizione teologica dell’Apollo romano
No full textLa fonction d’Apollon a donné lieu à diverses interprétations romaines. Tite-Live soulignait déjà que le dieu était lié à la guerre, et donc aussi à la défense contre les épidémies. Selon J. Gagé, une autre théologie d’Apollon aurait été créée par Auguste dans le nouveau temple du Palatin, introduisant une religion ouverte avec une spiritualité qui annoncerait le christianisme. Mais cette interprétation est forcée. Le temple d’Apollon et de Diane célébrait non pas la découverte de la spiritualité par Octave, mais les victoires remportées par son armée à Nauloque et à Actium, au pied des sanctuaires de ces divinités. En 17 av. J.-C. et 18 av. J.-C., les livres sibyllins ne se trouvaient d’ailleurs pas encore dans le temple du Palatin. Ce n’est qu’en 12 av. J.-C. qu’Auguste devient pontifex maximus. Les rites des Ludi saeculares n’étaient pas un acte fondateur de la nouvelle religion d’Auguste, mais célébraient seulement la naissance d’une nouvelle génération, ce qui donna lieu aux sacrifices sur le Champ de Mars, et devant le temple des divinités souveraines Jupiter et Junon, ainsi que devant le temple des deux divinités qui avaient assuré la victoire d’Auguste
Le minoranze etniche d’Europa: elementi descrittivi delle minoranze, identità etnica, miti etnici, etnicità e religione
No full textLo studio analizza le minoranze etniche in Europa, con particolare attenzio¬ne alla loro identificazione, localizzazione e relazioni culturali e linguistiche. La ricerca si basa su un’indagine condotta attraverso questionari inviati a rappresentanti di organizzazio¬ni minoritarie e a esperti del settore dei paesi d’Europa. I dati raccolti evidenziano la diversità nella percezione dell’identità etnica, nelle autodefinizioni e nel rapporto dell’identità con lingua, religione e territorio. Inoltre, l’analisi affronta la relazione tra continuità territoriale e percezione di sé, considerando le implicazioni sociali e politiche della distribuzione delle minoranze nei diversi Stati europei. L’indagine offre una prospettiva critica sulle definizioni accademiche rispetto alla percezione interna dei gruppi etnici, rivelando dinamiche complesse e mutevoli che influenzano le identità collettive.This study analyses ethnic minorities in Europe, with particular focus on their identification, localisation and cultural and linguistic relations. The research is based on a survey conducted by means of questionnaires sent to representatives of minority organisations and experts in the sector. The data collected show a diversity in perceptions of ethnic identity, self-definition and the relationship between identity and language, religion and the territory. The analysis also centres on the relation between territorial continuity and self-perception, considering the social and political implications of the distribution of minorities in a range of European countries. The study throws a critical light on academic definitions of the in¬ternal perceptions of ethnic groups, revealing complex and changeable dynamics that affect collective identity
In Andropov’s path: moralism and top-down reform in early Gorbachev (1985-1986)
No full textThe article explores the early phase of Mikhail Gorbachev’s leadership (1985-1986), marked by top-down reform efforts inspired by Yuri Andropov. It analyzes initiatives such as the anti-alcohol campaign, the fight against corruption, and the “acceleration” (uskorenie) program, all aimed at revitalizing the Soviet system without dismantling it. These policies reveal a continuity with Andropov’s moralistic legacy and expose the limits of a reformist vision constrained by old structures, ultimately leading to deeper systemic crise
City, Architecture and Sustainable Design in the North-Eastern Italian Territories
No full textThe INEST Spoke 8 – Research Topic RT4 examines meteorological and climate-driven changes in the Upper Adriatic coastal territories, particularly in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, where the alternation of fresh and salt waters, wetlands, and dry areas is increasingly uncertain. Focusing on interactions from sea to land and employing a “research by planning and design” approach, RT4 aims to support the development of sustainable, integrated mobility across marine, inland, and terrestrial networks, fostering a more resilient organisation of settlements and water- and land-based economies.Lo Spoke 8 – RT4 di progetto INEST esamina i cambiamenti meteorologici e climatici nei territori costieri dell'Alto Adriatico, in particolare nella regione Friuli Venezia Giulia, dove l'alternanza di acque dolci e salate, zone umide e aree aride è sempre più incerta. Concentrandosi sulle interazioni tra mare e terra e adottando un approccio di "ricerca attraverso la pianificazione e la progettazione", RT4 mira a supportare lo sviluppo di una mobilità sostenibile e integrata tra reti marine, interne e terrestri, promuovendo un'organizzazione più resiliente degli insediamenti e delle economie basate sull'acqua e sulla terraferma
Better Living Through Gene-Editing: Telos and the Principle of Conservation of Welfare
No full textNew gene editing technologies present numerous opportunities for improving the living conditions of animals in general, and of farm and laboratory animals in particular. However, using these biotechnologies to ameliorate the lives of farm or laboratory animals remains prima facie problematic, being very often a form of techno-fix. In this article, we propose an approach for analyzing the possible applications of gene-editing technologies for bettering the lives of farm and lab animals based on the animal ethics principle of respect for telos. According to this principle, what matters from a moral standpoint is not so much the final balance between suffering and pleasure, but rather the degree of freedom to pursue one’s nature. Contrary to what one might think, an ethic based on respect for telos does not entail the prohibition of modifying animals through biotechnologies such as gene editing, since it does not require an essentialist view of species. In this sense, it would be possible to modify the nature of an animal as long as a principle of “welfare conservation” is adopted – that is, as long as we do not introduce into the telos of an animal new behavioral demands that are hard to fulfill or traits that make existing behavioral demands harder to satisfy
From Thought to Laboratory Experiment? Genetic Pain Disenhancement in the Age of Genome Editing: An Attempt to Enhance the Debate
No full textWith the advent of genome editing technologies, genetic pain disenhancement (GPD) – the bi-otechnological reduction or elimination of the sensation of pain in animals as an animal welfare measure – has gained new momentum. Various scientists and philosophers assume that GPD animals can and should soon be used in straining animal experiments or intensive livestock breeding. However, for the current GPD debate to progress from thought experiment to a real-istic assessment of GPD, it is necessary to overcome numerous shortcomings and research gaps. This article addresses three research gaps of the current GPD debate and aims to open up new research horizons. First, the central subject of the discussion – (animal) pain – is un-derdetermined. In many articles on GPD, neither a minimal definition of pain is articulated nor are current research findings and questions of philosophy of pain and neurobiology con-sidered. Second, at present no or hardly any empirical data on animal experiments are includ-ed in the ethical analysis. For example, there is a lack of data on the number of GPD test ani-mals currently used, the degree of strains and the state of health of these animals. The inclusion of such data is necessary because the GPD project assumes that all sentient animals have a moral status, including the animals used to develop a final GPD model. Third, the socio-politicaldimension has not yet been sufficiently considered. Whether the population would buy food products from genetically modified, pain-free animals and what the consequences of GPD would be for the field of animal research remain open questions
Etica & Politica / Ethics & Politics (2025) XXVII/2
No full textEtica & Politica / Ethics & Politics is an open access philosophical journal, being published only in an electronic format. The journal aims at promoting research and reflection, both historically and theoretically, in the field of moral and political philosophy, with no cultural preclusion or adhesion to any cultural current. Contributions should be submitted in one of these languages: Italian, English, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish. All essays should include an English abstract of max. 200 words. The editorial staff especially welcomes interdisciplinary contributions with special attention to the main trends of the world of practice. The journal has an anonymous double peer review referee system. Three issues per year are expected. The copyright of the published articles remain to the authors. We ask that in any future use of them Etica & Politica / Ethics & Politics be quoted as a source. All products on this site are released with a Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 IT
