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Addressing sensitivity and non-uniqueness in the determination of enzyme kinetic parameters
No full textAccurate determination of enzyme kinetic parameters is critical for model-based design and intensification of biocatalytic processes, particularly in microscale systems. While Michaelis-Menten kinetics provides a foundational framework, its extension to reversible, multi-substrate, and inhibited reactions introduces significant challenges in parameter estimation-most notably, parameter sensitivity and non-uniqueness. This study systematically investigates these challenges across three case studies of increasing complexity: (i) mono-substrate Michaelis-Menten kinetics, (ii) reversible enzymatic reactions with four parameters, and (iii) a six-parameter reversible mono-substrate kinetic model with substrate and product inhibition. In the first two cases, we show that vastly different parameter sets can yield nearly indistinguishable model fits to experimental data, exposing the limitations of classical graphical and nonlinear regression methods. In the mono-substrate case based on real experimental data, two parameter sets differing by nearly two orders of magnitude produce virtually identical model outputs, demonstrating practical non-uniqueness even for simple kinetic models. For the six-parameter inhibited system, a theoretical and numerical analysis reveals intrinsic non-uniqueness of the parameter estimation problem, characterized by an in finite family of parameter vectors yielding identical solutions. These results demonstrate that parameter non-uniqueness is not merely a consequence of experimental noise, but a structural property of complex kinetic models, emphasizing the need for more robust and structurally informed modeling approaches in biocatalysis
Web application for electric vehicles trip planning
No full textElektrična vozila so vse bolj priljubljeno in pogosto uporabljeno prevozno sredstvo, zaradi številnih prednosti, ki jih imajo. Njihovi lastniki pa se soočajo s problemom omejenega dosega in daljšega časa polnjenja. Diplomsko delo obravnava proces načrtovanja spletne aplikacije, ki omogoča hitro in učinkovito načrtovanje potovanja vsem uporabnikom, na podlagi izbranega avtomobila in trenutne napolnjenosti baterije predlaga optimalne polnilnice, ki jih je potrebno obiskati na potovanju. Hkrati pa omogoča ocenjevanje oziroma podajanje mnenja o polnilnicah, ki so jih na poti obiskali.Electric vehicles are an increasingly popular and frequently used means of transportation, due to the many advantages they have. However, their owners are faced with the problem of limited range and longer charging times. The thesis describes a web application that enables quick and efficient trip planning for all users, which, based on the selected car and the current battery charge, suggests optimal charging stations to visit on a trip. At the same time, it allows for the evaluation or giving an opinion on the charging stations they have visited on the way
Strategies to overcome hematocrit and volume bias in dried blood spot analysis
No full textBackground/Objectives: Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling, a technique for collecting capillary blood samples, is widely used in therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacokinetic and toxicology research, newborn screening, and population health because it enables simple, non-invasive sampling across large cohorts. However, it presents several challenges, mainly due to the effect of hematocrit (HCT), which can influence the quantification of analytes. Methods: A combination of methods was developed to estimate the HCT and blood volume in DBS samples. Image analysis and hemoglobin (Hb) quantification using UV-VIS spectrometry were used for HCT estimation, and conductivity was used to determine blood volume. DBS samples from five donors were prepared with HCT between 0.2 and 0.6 and were used to prepare calibrators and quality control samples. The developed methods were applied to 23 samples obtained from ten adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Results: The methods for HCT determination using image analysis or Hb measurements were linear (r> 0.994), with acceptable accuracy (90.3–102.2%) and precision (<7.4%). Moreover, the conductivity method was linear (r = 0.999) and enabled accurate (96.8–100%) and precise (<5.65%) determination of blood volume in DBS samples. All three methods were in good agreement with the reference values in patient samples. Finally, strategies to correct HCT- and volume-related bias in DBS samples were proposed for analytes with different blood cell-to-plasma partition coefficients. Conclusions: We accurately and precisely estimated HCT in DBS samples using image analysis and Hb determination, and the volume of blood in DBS using conductivity measurement. We evaluated different approaches and derived an optimal procedure for HCT-bias correction
Ivo Petrić: Mediterranean Preludes
No full textIvo Petrić velja za pomembnega skladatelja slovenske sodobne glasbe v drugi polovici 20. in na začetku 21. stoletja. Že v študentskih letih je kazal zanimanje na sodobne evropske glasbene smernice in bil velik oboževalec Slavka Osterca. Poleg bogate komponistične zapuščine je Petrić deloval tudi kot kritik in pisec glasbeno-teoretičnih prispevkov ter kot ustanovitelj in dolgoletni dirigent Ansambla Slavka Osterca, s katerim je koncertiral po vsej Evropi. Pomemben pečat je pustil tudi s svojim opusom za klarinet. V nalogi najprej orišemo njegov življenjepis in razvoj njegove komponistične kariere ter sloga, nato pa se posvetimo njegovemu repertoarju za klarinet. Po kronološki ureditvi vseh skladb za klarinet (solistične, s klavirjem, orkestrom in komorne) pod drobnogled postavimo skladbo Mediteranski preludiji za klarinet solo, ki je nastala leta 2001 in je posvečena Dušanu Sodji. Leta 2002 je bila izdana pri založbi Pizzicato Verlag Helvetiato izdajo smo uporabili za analizo. Skladbo sestavlja pet med seboj ločenih preludijev, vsak od njih nosi svojo programsko zgodbo, ki jo je skladatelj spretno skril v notni zapis. Štiri od petih preludijev je navdihnil specifičen veter ali vetrovno stanje, ki ga je vsak dan mogoče čutiti ob Mediteranu: burin, bonaca, maestral in jugo. Eden od preludijev, četrti, pa prikazuje Rivo, znano obmorsko promenado v Splitu. Čeprav je Petrić živel in deloval v Ljubljani, pa je bilo njegovo osebno življenje tesno prepleteno z morjem. V Splitu je namreč preživel mnogo poletij. V nalogi poleg oblikovne analize preludijev iščemo tudi vplive Petrićevega časa, preživetega v Splitu, in kako je to skril v notni zapis v skladbi Mediteranski preludiji. Ugotovili smo, da se v vsakem preludiju skrivajo motivi, ki jih lahko interpretiramo kot vplive življenja ob morju: veter, valovanje, vrvež obmorskega mesta. Preludiji vsak posebej delujejo samostojno in zaključeno, če pa jih gledamo kot celoto, zaporedje vetrov ponazarja gibanje vetra ob morju od jutranje zarje do večera.Ivo Petrić is considered an important composer of Slovenian contemporary music in the second half of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. Already during his student years, he showed an interest in contemporary European music trends and was a great admirer of Slavko Osterc. In addition to his rich compositional legacy, Petrić also worked as a critic and writer of music theory articles, and as the founder and long-time conductor of the Slavko Osterc Ensemble, with which he performed throughout Europe. He also left an important mark with his opus for the clarinet. In this paper, we first outline his biography and the development of his compositional career and style and then focus on his repertoire for the clarinet. After a chronological arrangement of all his compositions for clarinet (solo, with piano, orchestra, and chamber), we take a closer look at the composition Mediterranean Preludes for solo clarinet, which was written in 2001 and is dedicated to Dušan Sodja. It was published in 2002 by Pizzicato Verlag Helvetiawe used this edition for our analysis. The piece consists of five separate preludes, each with its own programmatic story, which the composer has skillfully hidden in the musical notation. Four of the five preludes were inspired by specific winds or wind conditions that can be felt every day on the Mediterranean: the burin, bonaca, maestral, and jugo. One of the preludes, the fourth, depicts Riva, the famous seaside promenade in Split. Although Petrić lived and worked in Ljubljana, his personal life was closely intertwined with the sea. He spent many summers in Split. In addition to a formal analysis of the preludes, we also look for influences from Petrić\u27s time in Split and how he concealed them in the musical notation of the Mediterranean Preludes. We found that each prelude contains motifs that can be interpreted as influences of life by the sea: wind, waves, the hustle and bustle of a coastal town. Each prelude functions independently and is self-contained, but when viewed as a whole, the sequence of winds illustrates the movement of the wind by the sea from dawn to dusk
Preschool Teachers\u27 Views on the Use of Dialect in Kindergarten
No full textV diplomskem delu sem raziskovala stališča vzgojiteljev do rabe narečja v vrtcu ter preučila, kako pogosto in v katerih situacijah ga uporabljajo v komunikaciji z otroki. Zanimalo me je, ali vzgojitelji menijo, da uporaba narečja vpliva na razvoj otrokovih jezikovnih kompetenc, predvsem na usvajanje knjižnega jezika, in ali ga pri svojem delu spodbujajo ali omejujejo. Prav tako sem raziskala, kakšna so njihova prepričanja o pomenu ohranjanja narečja pri predšolskih otrocih in ali menijo, da lahko raba narečja vpliva na otrokovo kasnejše izobraževanje.
V teoretičnem delu sem predstavila pomen jezika v zgodnjem otroštvu, vlogo vzgojiteljev pri razvoju otrokovih jezikovnih spretnosti ter vpliv rabe narečja na učenje knjižnega jezika. Opisala sem tudi različne pristope k spodbujanju otrokovih jezikovnih kompetenc in raziskala vlogo narečja v vrtcu. V empiričnem delu sem z anketnim vprašalnikom analizirala stališča vzgojiteljev do rabe narečja v vrtcu ter njihove izkušnje in izzive, s katerimi se soočajo pri jezikovni vzgoji otrok.
Rezultati raziskave bodo prispevali k boljšemu razumevanju vloge narečja v vrtcu ter k razmisleku o smiselnih in učinkovitih pristopih pri razvoju otrokovega jezikovnega izražanja v vrtcu.In my dissertation, I have researched the view of preschool teachers regarding the use of dialect in kindergarten, as well as how often and in which situations they use dialect when working with children. I was interested in whether preschool teachers believe that the use of dialect affects the development of language abilities in children, especially when learning the standard language, and whether they encourage or restrict the use of dialect in their work. I have also explored their opinions on preserving dialect among preschool children and whether they believe that the use of dialect may affect a child\u27s future education.
In the theoretical part of this thesis, I have presented the importance of language in early childhood, the role of the preschool teacher in the development of children\u27s language skills, and the effect of dialect on learning the standard language. I have also described several approaches to encouraging language skills and examined how dialect is perceived in kindergartens. In the practical part of my thesis, I conducted a survey among preschool teachers, which helped me analyse their standpoints on dialect use in kindergartens, as well as their experiences and the challenges they encounter in language teaching.
The research results will contribute to a better understanding of the role of dialect in kindergarten, as well as considerations of reasonable and effective approaches to the development of language expression in children in kindergartens
Kolportažni roman na Slovenskem
No full textNa začetku 20. stoletja je z Dunaja na slovenski literarni trg prišla nova oblika romaneskne distribucije - kolportaža. 1000-3200 strani dolgi kolportažni romani, priredbe nemških izvirnikov, so izhajali v tedenskih, 24 ali 32 strani obsegajočih snopičih, v povprečno 100 nadaljevanjih. To so Beračeve skrivnosti (1901) Karla Maya, Grofica beračica (1902), Ciganska sirota [1903], Tolovajski glavar Črni Jurij in njega divji tovariši (1903-05), Strah na Sokolskem gradu [1905], Živa pokopana ali tragična usoda mlade matere [1908], Giuseppo Musolino ali Krvno maščevanje (1909) Victorja von Falka, Ljubezen in maščevanje (1911). Ohranjen je po en primerek vsakega romana, dva romana poznamo samo po naslovu. Prispevek je po zaslugi Digitalne knjižnice Slovenije evidentiral tri prej neznane romane in spodbudil digitalizacijo Strahu na Sokolskem gradu.In the early 20th Century colportage, a new distribution model for novels in Slovene, was introduced from Vienna. Colportage novels of 1000-3200 pages, adaptations of German novels, were published weekly in 24-32 page booklets, 100 sequels on average. Their authors are unknown (with the exception of Karl May and Victor von Falk), and so were the translators. One copy of each novel is preserved, two novels are known just by their titles. This paper has been written along with the entry kolportaža for Slovene Wikipedia. Thanks to the Digital Library of Slovenia, three novels have been brought to our attention and the digitisation of one Slovene colportage novel prompted
Cankarjeva pisma v kontekstu njegovega celotnega opusa: nove oblike in možnosti elektronskih edicij pisem
No full textPoleg splošnih opazk o problematiki izdaje pisem in korespondence v sklopu zbranih del piscev, še posebej če upoštevamo ogromno Cankarjevo pisemsko zapuščino, razmišljamo o prednosti prihodnje pisemske edicije na osnovi smernic TEI in računalniško podprte, spletno dostopne podatkovne zbirke.Next to general remarks on the issues of volumes of letters as part of the complete works of writers, and especially when considering Ivan Cankar\u27s huge volume of letters written in the two decades from 1898 to 1918, the benefit of future letter collections based on the TEI guidelines and computer-aided, web-based databases will be considered