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Evolving interval-based time series clustering for streaming industrial data
No full textAccurate clustering of time series data is crucial for extracting meaningful insights from streaming sensor data in industrial applications. To address the challenges of dynamic and unlabeled data streams, we introduce Interval ERAL (iERAL), an enhancement of the Error in Aligned Series (ERAL) framework. iERAL is a time series alignment and averaging method designed for online analysis, incorporating an interval band to represent variance in the underlying data. We pair iERAL with an evolving time series clustering algorithm, capable of automatically detecting, adapting to, and merging clusters in real-time. This evolving approach enables the algorithm to dynamically adjust to new patterns, promote or demote clusters based on their relevance, and handle data variability with interval-based analysis. Unlike previous methods, our approach not only computes the time series prototype for each cluster but also provides a variance band for interval-based analysis. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by applying it to line pressure measurements in a real-world industrial setting. The algorithm achieves promising results in clustering unlabeled data streams, highlighting its potential for anomaly detection and adaptive monitoring of industrial processes in evolving operating conditions
Comprehensive molecular characterization of craniopharyngiomas using whole transcriptome and spatial transcriptomics approaches
No full textCraniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare benign brain tumors that are classified as WHO grade I, with two subtypes: adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP). ACP is caused by somatic mutations in exon 3 of the CTNNB1 gene activating the Wnt signaling pathway. PCP is associated with somatic BRAF p.V600E mutations activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Understanding their molecular differences is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to analyze common somatic alterations in ACP and PCP using bulk transcriptome sequencing and in situ spatial transcriptomics. RNA sequencing and high-resolution spatial profiling were used to detect mutations and examine gene expression differences among ACP, PCP, and healthy pituitary tissue. Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on 24 tumor samples, with healthy pituitary data from the GTEx portal. Bioinformatics analysis utilized the CTAT mutation pipeline, with Sanger sequencing for validation. Results confirmed BRAF p.V600E mutations in all PCP samples and CTNNB1 mutations in all ACP samples. Differential gene expression analysis highlighted distinct molecular profiles and reinforced the involvement of Wnt and MAPK signaling. Spatial profiling identified 41 differentially expressed genes between ACP and PCP. This study provides critical insights into CP biology, supporting improved diagnostics and potential therapeutic strategies
PROPOSAL FOR THE REPURPOSING OF THE FORMER IHAN FARM AREA INTO A CAMPUS FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE OF THE BIOTECHNICAL FACULTY
No full textMagistrska naloga obravnava prenovo degradiranega kmetijskega območja nekdanje Farme Ihan v nov univerzitetni kampus Univerze v Ljubljani, Biotehniške fakultete, Oddelka za zootehniko. Obravnavano območje se nahaja v neposredni bližini naselja Ihan ter ob reki Kamniški Bistrici. Izhodišče naloge je problematika degradiranih območij, ki kljub izgubi prvotne rabe predstavljajo pomemben prostorski in razvojni potencial za umestitev novih programov. Naloga izhaja iz dejanskih potreb Oddelka za zootehniko, ki se sooča s pomanjkanjem pedagoški in raziskovalnih površin na obstoječi lokaciji v Rodici, ter predvideva njegovo selitev na novo lokacijo v Ihanu. Rezultat naloge je celostna krajinsko-arhitekturna zasnova univerzitetnega kampusa, v katerega je poleg pedagoških in raziskovalnih objektov umeščen tudi živinorejski program, dormitoriji za študente in gostujoče profesorje ter odprti prostori za eksperimentalno delo, rekreacijo in druženje. Zasnova temelji na trajnostnih pristopih, vključno z deževnimi vrtovi, zelenimi strehami in sistemom sončnih celic.The master\u27s thesis addresses the renovation of the degraded agricultural area of the former Ihan Farm into a new university campus for the University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Animal Science. The area in question is located in the immediate vicinity of the village of Ihan and the Kamniška Bistrica River. The starting point of the thesis is the problem of degraded areas, which, despite the loss of their original use, represent significant spatial and development potential for the implementation of new programs. The thesis stems from the actual needs of the Department of Animal Science, which faces a shortage of teaching and research space at its current location in Rodica and envisages its relocation to a new location in Ihan. The result of the project is a comprehensive landscape and architectural design for a university campus, which, in addition to teaching and research facilities, also includes a livestock program, dormitories for students and visiting professors, and open spaces for experimental work, recreation, and socializing. The design is based on sustainable approaches, including rain gardens, green roofs, and a solar cell system
Operational strength of magnesium alloy AZ31 under multiaxial loading with variable amplitude
No full textNegativni vplivi transporta na okolje spodbujajo razvoj lahkih konstrukcijskih materialov, ki omogočajo zmanjšanje mase vozil in posledično emisij škodljivih plinov. Magnezijeva zlitina AZ31 je zaradi nizke gostote obetaven material, vendar njena uporaba zahteva natančno poznavanje mehanskega odziva pri kompleksnih obremenitvah. Namen raziskave je bil razvoj numeričnega modela za napovedovanje večosnega napetostno-deformacijskega odziva zlitine AZ31 pri cikličnem obremenjevanju s spremenljivo amplitudo. Raziskava je vključevala eksperimentalni in numerični del. V eksperimentalnem delu je bila razvita nova oblika strižnega preizkušanca ter izboljšana konstrukcija prijemal, kar je omogočilo zanesljivo izvedbo cikličnih preizkusov. Numerični del je zajemal nadgradnjo obstoječega konstitutivnega modela z implementacijo stabilnega algoritma za posodobitev napetostnega tenzorja in poenostavljeno določanje materialnih parametrov. Razviti model je bil validiran z lastnimi eksperimentalnimi rezultati in rezultati iz literature ter je izkazal dobro skladnost pri enoosnih, strižnih in proporcionalnih večosnih obremenjevanjih. Predlagani pristop predstavlja pomemben korak k fizikalno utemeljenemu modeliranju cikličnega obnašanja zlitin z heksagonalno gosto zloženo kristalno rešetko kot je AZ31.The negative environmental impacts of transportation are driving the development of lightweight structural materials that enable vehicle mass reduction and consequently lower emissions of harmful gases. Magnesium alloy AZ31 is a promising material due to its low densityhowever, its practical application requires a precise understanding of the mechanical response under complex loading conditions. The aim of this research was to develop a numerical model capable of predicting the multiaxial stress–strain response of the AZ31 alloy under cyclic loading with variable amplitude. The study consisted of both experimental and numerical parts. In the experimental part, a new design of a shear specimen and an improved shear testing fixtures were developed, enabling reliable cyclic testing. The numerical part involved an enhancement of an existing constitutive model through the implementation of a stable stress tensor update algorithm and a simplified procedure for determining material parameters. The developed model was validated using both original experimental results and data from the literature, demonstrating good agreement under uniaxial, shear, and proportional multiaxial loading conditions. The proposed approach represents a significant step toward physically grounded modelling of the cyclic behaviour of hexagonal close-packed alloys such as AZ31
Automatic generation of NGSI-LD data models from RDF ontologies
No full textIn the era of ever-greater data production and collection, public health research is often limited by the scarcity of data. To improve this, we propose data sharing in the form of Data Spaces, which provide technical, business, and legal conditions for an easier and trustworthy data exchange for all the participants. The data must be described in a commonly understandable way, which can be assured by machine-readable ontologies. We compared the semantic interoperability technologies used in the European Data Spaces initiatives and adopted them in our use case of physical development in children and youth. We propose an ontology describing data from the Analysis of Children’s Development in Slovenia (ACDSi) study in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) format and a corresponding Next Generation Systems Interface-Linked Data (NGSI-LD) data model. For this purpose, we have developed a tool to generate an NGSI-LD data model using information from an ontology in RDF format. The tool builds on the declaration from the standard that the NGSI-LD information model follows the graph structure of RDF, so that such translation is feasible. The source RDF ontology is analyzed using the standardized SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL), specifically using Property Path queries. The NGSI-LD data model is generated from the definitions collected in the analysis. The translation has been verified on Smart Applications REFerence (SAREF) ontology SAREF4BLDG and its corresponding Smart Data Models (52 models at the time). The generated artifacts have been tested on a Context Broker reference implementation. The tool supports basic ontology structures, and for it to translate more complex structures, further development is needed
Populism and the China question
No full textThis paper explores how rising European populism affects EU-China relations after the 2024 elections. It maps the ideological diversity of populist actors, identifies plausible 2025–2029 pathways, and sets out targeted actions for EU policymakers to engage populist actors with the goal to improve EU’s strategic coherence and firmness, and paradoxically, bring it closer to what many Europeans prioritize
Effect of ultrasonic sonication on the size distribution of modified nanocellulose and microcellulose fibers
No full textCeluloza je najpogostejša organska spojina na Zemlji. Sestavljena je iz dolgih verig molekul glukoze, ki so med seboj povezane z β-1,4-glikozidnimi vezmi. Glede na način pridobivanja te verige tvorijo trdna mikrovlakna, nanovlakna oziroma nanokristale. Namen diplomskega dela je bil raziskati vpliv ultrazvočnega soniciranja na velikost in porazdelitev celuloznih vlaken. V diplomskem delu sem se osredotočila na primerjavo med kationsko in anionsko modificiranimi nanoceluloznimi in mikroceluloznimi vlakni. Vzorce različnih nanoceluloz sem pripravila kot
0,2 % vodne disperzije. Vpliv ultrazvočnega soniciranja sem določala na podlagi dveh različnih spremenljivk: spreminjala sem (i) amplitudo soniciranja v območju od 0 % do 100 % pri konstantnem času (1 min) in (ii) čas soniciranja v časovnem intervalu od 0 min do 10 min pri konstantni amplitudi (20 %). Pripravljene vzorce sem proučila na analizatorju velikosti in porazdelitve velikosti delcev Microtrac S3500 v disperznem mediju. Po končanem eksperimentalnem delu so rezultati pokazali, da je bil vpliv amplitude na velikost delcev različnih celuloznih vlaken večji kot vpliv časa soniciranja. Pri povečanju amplitude soniciranja CCNF- in CCMF-vlaken je bil viden trend zmanjševanja velikosti delcev. Zanimiv je bil vzorec TOCNF- celuloze, ki je imel znatno povečano velikost delcev pri 60 % amplitudi. Pri časovni odvisnosti soniciranja delcev ni prišlo do večjih sprememb v velikosti delcev.Cellulose is the most common organic compound on Earth. It consists of long chains of glucose molecules, which are interconnected by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Depending on how this chain is produced, they form solid microfibers, nanofibres or nanocrystals. The purpose of my work is to investigate the impact of ultrasonic sonication on the size and distribution of cellulose fibers. In experimental part, I was focusing on comparing cationic and anionically modified nanocellulose and microcellulose fibers. I prepared samples of different nanocellulose as 0.2% aqueous dispersion. I determined the influence of ultrasonic sonication based on two different variables: I varied (i) the sonication amplitude in the range from 0% to 100% at constant time (1 min) and (ii) the sonication time in a time interval from 0 min to 10 min at constant amplitude (20%). I studied the prepared samples on the Microtrac S3500 Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution Analyzer in the dispersed medium. After the experimental work was completed, the results showed that the effect of amplitude on the particle size of different cellulose fibers was greater than the effect of sonication time. An increasing trend of decreasing particle size was observed with increasing amplitude of sonication for CCNF and CCMF fibers. The pattern of TOCNF cellulose was interesting, as it showed a significantly increased particle size at 60% amplitude. There were no significant changes in particle size related to the time dependence of sonication
Identification of spatial potentials for the placement of solar power plants on building land in the Municipality of Jesenice
No full textV magistrski nalogi smo naredili analizo prostorskih potencialov za umeščanje sončnih elektrarn skladno z veljavnimi standardi in pogoji. V teoretičnem delu obsega proučitev področne zakonodaje, sektorskih gradiv in prostorskih aktov občine Jesenice. V aplikativnem delu pa je predstavljena določitev nabora potencialnih lokacij s fokusom umeščanja na stavbe in stavbna zemljišča. Na konkretnem primeru je izvedena analiza postopka umeščanja v prostor.In the master’s thesis, we conducted an analysis of the spatial potentials for the placement of solar power plants in accordance with applicable standards and conditions. The theoretical part includes a study of relevant regional legislation, sectoral materials, and spatial planning documents of the Municipality of Jesenice. The applied part presents the identification of a set of potential locations, with a focus on placement on buildings and building plots. A case study is used to demonstrate the process of spatial placement in practice
Aspects of individuation in relation to parents, dark triad and problematic internet use in emerging adults
No full textThe prevalence of the internet in modern society poses challenges, such as addiction and problematic internet use. Several authors suggest that the internet contributes to rising mental health issues among youth. Despite family dysfunction being a well-documented risk factor for problematic internet use, there is limited research on individuation—an intrapsychic process focused on attaining autonomy while maintaining connectedness with parents. An additional noteworthy risk factor is dark personality traits. Based on the importance of these variables in the occurrence of problematic internet use, we examined two path models (separately for mothers and fathers) in which two aspects of individuation (connectedness and parental intrusiveness) along with the three dark triad traits were proposed to predict the deficient self-regulatory aspects of problematic internet use (compulsive use and withdrawal). Furthermore, we hypothesized that the relationship between the aspects of individuation and deficient self-regulation would be moderated by the dark triad traits. Our sample comprised 392 emerging adults, aged 19 to 30 years (M = 22.67, SD = 2.88), with 74.5% being female. The models demonstrated satisfactory fit to the data concerning both mothers and fathers, and psychopathy emerged as a significant moderator in the relationship between paternal intrusiveness and withdrawal. The models elucidated moderate proportions of the variance in outcome variables (Rs ranging between 0.10 and 0.18) and substantiated the expectations derived from theory regarding the contribution of personality and relational factors in predicting deficient self-regulation in internet use