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リアルタイムfMRIを用いた機能的結合ニューロフィードバック法による左前頭頭頂ネットワークの増強と、統合失調症における作業記憶への影響：パイロット研究
No full text京都大学新制・論文博士博士(医学)乙第13729号論医博第2366号京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻(主査)教授 松本 理器, 教授 松井 茂之, 教授 森田 智視学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Medical ScienceKyoto UniversityDFA
Bottom-Up Proteomics Under Acidic Conditions Using Protease Type XIII From
No full textBottom-up proteomics is a powerful technique for comprehensive analysis of proteins by proteolytic cleavage followed by LC-MS/MS to identify the resulting peptides. Trypsin is the gold-standard protease for bottom-up proteomics, though its cleavage specificity limits peptide identification, depending on the protein sequence. In addition, its optimal pH is weakly alkaline, which can cause modification artifacts such as deamidation. We hypothesized that these limitations might be overcome by using protease type XIII (P13ase) from , which is active at low pH. P13ase has been used for protein structural analysis by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, but its cleavage preferences have not been clarified. Here, we demonstrated that P13ase exhibits a preference for cleaving the C-terminal sides of leucine (21%), lysine (19%), and arginine (15%) residues, and that the optimal conditions for P13ase digestion in bottom-up proteomics are pH 3.5 and 37 °C for 60 min. Under these conditions, sequence coverage of more than 90% was achieved for several proteins in HeLa cell extracts, which is unachievable with trypsin. In addition, P13ase digestion reduced artifacts such as deamidation products generated by cyclization reactions and subsequent hydrolysis. These results indicate that P13ase is a promising new tool for precision proteomics
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No full text立木伐採量 [71]研究林収入施設使用料電力売払収入 [72]育林総括表林道総括表 [73]林種林相別面積蓄積集計表 [74]林道ﾉ現況 [75]利用状況総括表 [76]学生実習等 [77]会議 [80]免許資格等ﾉ取得者安全衛生ﾆ関ｽﾙ講習会等 [83]技術室組織図 [84]専門職(技術)配置表 [85
New concept for mechanisms of hair cell regeneration in the chick auditory epithelium
No full textSensory hair cells in the cochlea are essential for hearing. In adult mammals, hair cells are incapable of regeneration, primarily because the supporting cells lose their regenerative capacity shortly after birth. In contrast, avian supporting cells maintain a remarkable ability to regenerate hair cells throughout their lifespan. Two distinct regenerative pathways are activated following damage: proliferation of supporting cells, followed by differentiation or their direct conversion into new hair cells. The specific molecular mechanisms governing these pathways and the factors determining which behavior (mitosis or direct conversion) the supporting cells adopt remain largely elusive. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying this natural regeneration process in the avian cochlea may offer crucial insights into inducing hair cell regeneration in the mature mammalian inner ear. This review summarizes the current understanding of how supporting cells naturally replace lost hair cells in the chick cochlea
イボトビムシにおけるラフネス構造と表面機能の検証
No full text第一回バイオミメティクス・シーズ研究会日時 : 2026年2月12日 (木) 13:00-17:00会場 : 京都大学総合博物館 講演室主催 : バイオミメティクス・シーズ研究会 (京都大学地球環境学堂 橘悟、京都大学生命科学研究科 西川星也)運営補助 : 中橋和甫 (京都大学農学部)チラシイラスト・デザイン : 田中花音1st Biomimetics Seeds MeetingBiomimetics Seeds Research Grou
会話における理由疑問文の形式と行為 : 話題管理への相互行為言語学的アプローチ
No full text本論文は、日常会話における理由疑問文が、どのような相互行為実践に用いられているのかを記述することを目的とする。従来の研究では、理由疑問文の「説明要求」と「合理性への疑い」の機能が指摘されてきた。しかし、理由疑問文の機能の記述がこうした二つの側面に集約される一方で、やや固定的に捉えられる傾向も見られる。このように、理由疑問文の機能をその典型的な使い方に限って想定するだけでは、人々が実際の会話の中で理由疑問文をどのように用いているのかを十分に捉えることは難しい。そのため、理由疑問文が産出される際の具体的な相互行為環境に着目し、それがどのような相互行為実践に用いられているのかを詳細に検討する必要がある。本研究は、理由疑問文が話題管理に関わる二つの相互行為実践に用いられていることを明らかにした。一つ目は、理由疑問文が、相手が端的に持ち出した新話題に対して、その詳細な展開を強く要請するために用いられる場合である。二つ目は、直前のやりとりの中に、相互行為上の積み残しが残ったまま話題が終結する局面において、理由疑問文が直前の話題との連続性を保ちつつ、新たな話題へと移行するために用いられる場面である。また、この二つの相互行為実践に対応して、理由疑問文の二つの発話フォーマットが体系的に使い分けられていることも明らかになった。前者では、「なんで？」のように命題内容を伴わない形式が用いられ、後者では、「なんで＋命題内容？」という形式が用いられる。以上の分析から、理由疑問文の意味や機能は、言語形式に固有のものではなく、会話参与者が相互行為上の課題に対処する実践の中で具体化されるものであることが示された。さらに本研究は、相互行為実践の違いに応じて、理由疑問文の発話フォーマットが体系的に使い分けられていることを明らかにした。文法は、固定的な意味や機能を備えた抽象的な体系というよりも、人々が相互行為の中で繰り返し用いられてきた実践の積み重ねとして記述しうることを示唆している。京都大学修士修士(人間・環境学)Kyoto UniversityTFtm
Unified Description of Cuprate Superconductors by Fractionalized Electrons Emerging from Integrated Analyses of Photoemission Spectra and Quasiparticle Interference
No full text銅酸化物高温超伝導体の電子状態の全容解明と電子の分裂現象の証拠を発見. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2026-02-12.Electronic structure of high-temperature superconducting cuprates is studied by analyzing experimental data independently obtained from two complementary spectroscopies: one, quasiparticle interference (QPI) measured by scanning-tunneling microscopy, and the other, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We combine these two sets of data in a unified theoretical analysis. Through explicit calculations of experimentally measurable quantities, we show that a simple two-component fermion model (TCFM) representing electron fractionalization succeeds in reproducing various detailed features of these experimental data: ARPES and QPI data are concomitantly reproduced by the TCFM in full energy and momentum spaces. The measured QPI pattern reveals a signature characteristic of the TCFM, distinct from the conventional single-component prediction, supporting the validity of the electron fractionalization in the cuprates. The integrated analysis also solves the puzzles of ARPES and QPI data that are seemingly inconsistent with each other. The overall success of the TCFM offers a comprehensive understanding of the electronic structure of the cuprates, in particular, the unoccupied side of the spectra, of which momentum-resolved structure has long been unexplored experimentally. We further predict that a characteristic QPI pattern should appear in the unoccupied high-energy part if the fractionalization is at work. We propose that integrated-spectroscopy analyses offer a promising way to explore challenging issues of strongly correlated electron systems
Oral antigen exposure under costimulation blockade induces Treg cells to establish immune tolerance
No full textAntigen-specific oral tolerance prevents harmful immune responses in naïve animals but is difficult to induce in antigen-primed hosts. Here, we showed that feeding of antigen-containing diet generated peripherally derived regulatory T (pTreg) cells with tissue-adapted effector properties. They acquired Treg-specific epigenomic changes at Treg signature genes, including Foxp3, exhibiting stable suppressive function. Cessation of antigen feeding diminished pTreg cells, hampering tolerance induction. Notably, pTreg cells induced by antigen feeding predominantly expressed CD101. CD101⁺ Treg cells with similar phenotypic and epigenetic features could also be generated in vitro from antigen-primed naïve CD4⁺ T cells by blocking CD28-mediated costimulation during TGF-β–dependent Treg induction. Furthermore, in mice already antigen-sensitized by nonoral routes, in vivo blockade of CD28 signaling with CTLA4-Ig prior to antigen feeding promoted differentiation of antigen-specific T cells into CD101⁺ pTreg cells, facilitating oral tolerance. Thus, continuous oral antigen exposure combined with CD28 blockade generates functionally stable CD101⁺ pTreg cells, thereby establishing systemic antigen-specific tolerance even in antigen-presensitized hosts
Towards the Classification of Atoms of Degenerations, II: Quotient Singularities and Degenerations of Riemann Surfaces
No full textThis is the second of our series of works that constitute a systematic study of degenerations of complex curves (or Riemann surfaces) and their splitting deformations. The present volume focuses on the construction of degenerations, the description of topological monodromies, and related topics. It begins with a detailed study of holomorphic maps on the resolution spaces of singularities associated with degenerations, determining their smooth and singular fibers and topological monodromies. It then applies these results to the construction of degenerations whose topological monodromies are prescribed homeomorphisms. The relationship between (cyclic and dihedral) quotient singularities and topological monodromies is established. This process also determines the correspondence between degenerations and their topological monodromies, which amounts to a reconstruction of the Matsumoto–Montesinos theory from the viewpoint of algebraic geometry: Our approach connects algebraic geometry, topology and singularity theory. We also show various results and introduce concepts needed for our subsequent volumes
Part I: A Core Framework and an Impossibility Result for Dynamic Social Evaluation under Irreversible Constraints
No full textThis paper reports preliminary results from an ongoing research program on dynamic social evaluation under irreversible constraints. The scope of the present analysis is intentionally limited. We introduce a core framework in which social outcomes are modeled as infinite histories that include an irreversible state variable, and we establish a baseline impossibility result on the unrestricted domain under minimal regularity and anonymity requirements. The paper deliberately stops short of proposing solutions: in particular, it does not characterize admissible domain restrictions, does not derive representation theorems, and does not resolve the impossibility. The purpose of this paper is to isolate the structural source of incoherence in dynamic social evaluation under irreversible constraints