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Experiences of acute mental health inpatient care in the UK: From admission to readmission
No full textEight service users with experiences of psychosis were interviewed about the support provided by mental services before, during and after acute mental health inpatients admissions in the UK. All participants had at least one other admission to an acute mental health ward in the preceding six months. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Three themes were identified: 1) Quality of therapeutic relationships, 2) Adjusting to sudden shifts in care, 3) Struggling without the ward environment. Although participants acknowledged positive care experiences within their narratives, significant challenges were evident in the abilities of services to effectively meet service users’ needs across the care pathway. Findings highlight the importance of consistent support centred on service users’ needs at all stages of care. Service users need support to build autonomy and coping skills to sustain meaningful recovery within the community and reduce the likelihood of readmission
An Efficient Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Method for Steelmaking and Continuous Casting Production Scheduling
No full textThe steelmaking and continuous casting (SCC) process is one of the vital processes in iron and steel plants since it determines chemical compositions of slabs and is often a bottleneck for iron and steel manufacturing. In this paper, we first develop a discrete-time mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation for a new SCC scheduling problem where different processing routes are used to produce diversified and personalized slab products. To solve the proposed MILP formulation efficiently, we then propose a novel efficient solution algorithm using Augmented Lagrange multiplier method (e-ALM) through relaxation of the coupling constraints and incorporation of penalty components. A heuristic-based list scheduling approach as well as adjacent pairwise swap operations is used to construct a high-quality feasible schedule. A fine-adjusting strategy based on the subgradient direction is proposed to update Lagrangian multipliers dynamically to speed up the convergence. It is shown that the proposed e-ALM is able to generate optimal or near-optimal solutions with 5% optimality for 150 industrial-scale instances and outperform the commercial solver GAMS/CPLEX and the existing Lagrangian relaxation algorithms with better feasible solutions and smaller duality gap within the specified computational time
The Perceptual Control Model of Psychopathology
No full textPerceptual Control Theory (PCT) states that behaviour controls perception; we act against disturbances in the environment to align hierarchically organised perceived aspects of the self and the world with neurally specified reference values. The diverse symptoms of psychopathology are each examples of loss of control, which are maintained by conflicting control systems, and effective interventions shift and sustain awareness to the source of the conflict to allow trial-and-error changes (reorganisation) in the parameters of the superordinate system to the conflict, until control is restored. Experimental, phenomenological, therapeutic and computational research has examined its mechanisms, and its mode of delivery has extended it from a client-led psychotherapy (Method of Levels) to brief training, group interventions, and computerised modalities
Facile Synthesis of ZnO-CoMoO4 Nanocomposite using bio-organic fuel for energy storage application
No full textGovernment policy changes and organizational goal setting:Extensions to the behavioral theory of the firm
No full textThe increasing frequency and extent of government policy changes in many countries and industries has exposed an important theoretical gap about how such changes influence organizational goal setting. This paper extends the behavioral theory of the firm to account for changes in government policy on goal dimensions (i.e., what goals are adopted) and goal aspirations (i.e., the target levels adopted). We advance propositions regarding the specification of goal dimensions and add a new factor into the aspiration adaptation model to account for anticipatory (i.e., forward-looking) responses on the part of firms to government policy changes
A structured catalyst support combining electrochemically exfoliated graphene oxide and carbon black for enhanced performance and durability in low-temperature hydrogen fuel cells
No full textReduced electrochemically exfoliated graphene oxide (rEGO) is combined with carbon black (CB) as a hybrid support material to improve platinum (Pt) catalyst electrochemical activity and durability. Pt/rEGO2-CB3 (rEGO/CB ratio 2/3) retains 71% of initial electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and maintains higher oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity compared to Pt/CB after 30000 cycles of the accelerated stress test (AST). In addition, Pt/rEGO2-CB3 shows a 1.8 times improvement in the hydrogen fuel cell performance compared with Pt/CB and is more stable after 24 hours at a continuous 0.60 V. The Pt/rEGO2-CB3 promotes the 4e- reaction pathway demonstrated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), which leads to greater ORR activity. In addition, the combination of rEGO and CB leads to both enhanced transport properties and improved stability. The Pt particles on both CB and rEGO are less likely to agglomerate in the composite support than in either of the two carbon supports when used alone
Effect of 3d/4p Mixing on 1s2p Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering: Electronic Structure of oxo-bridged Iron Dimers
No full text1s2p resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (1s2p RIXS) has proven successful in the determination of the differential orbital covalency (DOC, the amount of metal vs. ligand character in each d molecular orbital) of highly covalent centrosymmetric iron environments including heme models and enzymes. However, many reactive intermediates have non-centrosymmetric environments, e.g. the presence of strong metal-oxo bonds, which results in the mixing of metal 4p character into the 3d orbitals. This leads to significant intensity enhancement in the metal K-pre-edge and as shown here, the associated 1s2p RIXS features, which impact their insight into electronic structure. Binuclear oxo bridged high spin Fe(III) complexes are used to determine the effects of 4p mixing on 1s2p RIXS spectra. In addition to developing the analysis of 4p mixing on K-edge XAS and 1s2p RIXS data, this study explains the selective nature of the 4p mixing that also enhances the analysis of L-edge XAS intensity in terms of DOC. These 1s2p RIXS biferric model studies enable new structural insight from related data on peroxo bridged biferric enzyme intermediates. The dimeric nature of the oxo bridged Fe(III) complexes further results in ligand-to-ligand interactions between the Fe(III) sites and angle dependent features just above the pre-edge that reflect the superexchange pathway of the oxo bridge. Finally, we present a methodology that enables DOC to be obtained when L-edge XAS is inaccessible and only 1s2p RIXS experiments can be performed as in many metalloenzyme intermediates in solution
Restoring perivascular adipose tissue function in obesity using exercise
No full textPurpose: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) exerts an anti-contractile effect which is vital in regulating vascular tone. This effect is mediated via sympathetic nervous stimulation of PVAT by a mechanism which involves noradrenaline uptake through organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3), and β3-adrenoceptor mediated adiponectin release. In obesity, autonomic dysfunction occurs, which may result in a loss of PVAT function and subsequent vascular disease. Accordingly we have investigated abnormalities in obese PVAT, and the potential for exercise in restoring function. Methods: Vascular contractility to electrical field stimulation (EFS) was assessed ex vivo in the presence of pharmacological tools in ±PVAT vessels from obese and exercised obese mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect changes in expression of β3-adrenoceptors, OCT3, and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in PVAT. Results: High fat feeding induced hypertension, hyperglycaemia, and hyperinsulinemia, which was reversed using exercise; independent of weight loss. Obesity induced a loss of the PVAT anti-contractile effect, which could not be restored via β3-adrenoceptor activation. Moreover, adiponectin no longer exerts vasodilation. Additionally, exercise, reversed PVAT dysfunction in obesity by reducing inflammation of PVAT, and increasing β3-adrenoceptor and OCT3 expression, which were downregulated in obesity. Furthermore, the vasodilator effects of adiponectin were restored.Conclusion: Loss of neutrally-mediated PVAT anti-contractile function in obesity will contribute to the development of hypertension and type-II diabetes. Exercise training or pharmacological intervention at the level of nitric oxide signalling, will restore function and treat the vascular complications of obesity.<br/
Non-conventional phases of colloidal nanorods with a soft corona
No full textUsing computer simulations, we investigate the phase behavior of hard-core spherocylinders with a length-to-diameter ratio L=σ = 5 and coated by a soft deformable corona of length λ=σ = 1:35. When quasi-two-dimensional layers are formed in smectic and solid phases at low temperatures, the competition between the two intrinsic length scales of the parallel aligned particles leads to the stabilization of different in-plane lattices of non-conventional symmetry, including low-density-hexagonal, square and high-density-hexagonal crystals as well as an intriguing dodecagonal quasicrystal. Our study opens up the opportunity of controlling the assembly of anisotropic nanoparticles into structures with pre-engineered symmetry-dependent physical properties