695915 research outputs found
Sort by
New Roles in Peer-to-Peer Electricity Markets:Value Network Analysis
No full textThis paper performs a value network analysis on theelectricity market. The study introduces current value networksetting in the electricity market. Critical roles and activities andtheir setting in the value network are introduced. Based on fourfuture scenarios built by business model matrix analysis, changesin the value network, new roles, and emerging/evolving activitiesare discussed. The outcome of the study yields to the introductionof two new emerging roles (brokers and representatives) in thefuture peer-to-peer electricity markets. These roles are discussedfrom legal, data protection and grid structure perspectives
Service Innovation: A New Conceptualization and Path Forward
No full textService innovations challenge existing offerings and business models, shape existing markets, and create new ones. Over the last decade, service research has shown increasing interest in the concept of innovation and should by now have reached maturity and created a strong theoretical basis. However, there is no coherent theoretical framework that captures all the facets of service innovation, and to move service innovation research forward, we must revisit the key assumptions of what an innovation is. To enable this, the present article addresses three fundamental questions about service innovation: (1)What is it and what is it not? (2) What do we know and what do we not know? and (3) What do we need to know to advance service research? By doing so, this article offers an updated and comprehensive definition of service innovation and provides a research agenda to suggest a path forward
High-speed rail network development effects on the growth and spatial dynamics of the knowledge-intensive economy in major cities of China
No full textThe development of high-speed rail (HSR) is a key component of China’s overall economic development policy. HSR generates external effects across economic sectors and has the potential to transform spatial-economies. Understanding these effects is, therefore crucial for long-term urban and regional development policy and planning. This paper examines the effect of HSR development on the growth and spatial dynamics of knowledge-intensive economy (KE) in major cities of China. The analysis does not only adopt the widely used proxy of total length of HRS network, but it also includes the frequency of HSR services and its interactions with network length. HSR effects on: (a) absolute KE employment growth (b) KE spatial concentration and (c) KE regional specialisation are examined, controlling for relevant socio-economic variables. The results show that HSR network development and service frequency had varying effects on KE growth and spatial dynamics at multiple spatial scales. At the national level, HSR service frequency positively affected KE employment growth, concertation and specialisation, while HSR network expansion had a small but negative association with KE regional specialisation. Among the three main regions of China, positive effects of HSR service frequency were evident in the more prosperous eastern region. In contrast, effects were negligible in the less-developed central region. The results show that HSR development combines with existing favourable regional economic conditions to generate more growth in historically prosperous regions, thereby entrenching existing economic development imbalances. These insights could inform long-term strategic regional development policy to reduce uneven development outcomes in China
Cache-Aided Device-to-Device Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access
No full textWith increasing demand in rich content driving up the need for increased system capacity, novel transmission techniques are required for future mobile networks. In this paper, a novel cache-aided (CA) device-to-device (D2D) nonorthogonalmultiple access (NOMA) system employing cacheenabled interference cancellation (CIC) is proposed to increase the system sum rate performance. Utilising the uplink channels of a pair of users, the proposed system allows both users to exchange previously cached content with each other over a D2D link instead of receiving them only from the base station in conventional approaches. The sum rate of the proposed approach is derived and analysis shows an exact region in which it outperforms CANOMA. Simulation results verify the analytical results that when the users are close together, CA-D2D NOMA is the preferred choice of transmission technique over CA-NOMA. The results also show that the best sum rate performance is obtained when the system switches between the two NOMA schemes based on the derived region
Patient discussions of glucocorticoid-related side effects within an online health community forum
No full textEnzymes with Non-Canonical Amino Acids
No full textEnzyme design and engineering strategies rely almost exclusively on Nature’s alphabet of twenty canonical amino acids. Recent years have seen the emergence of powerful genetic code expansion methods that allow hundreds of structurally diverse amino acids to be installed into proteins in a site-selective manner. Here, we will highlight how the availability of an expanded alphabet of amino acids has opened new avenues in enzyme engineering research. Genetically encoded non-canonical amino acids have provided new tools to probe complex enzyme mechanisms, improve biocatalyst activity and stability, and most ambitiously to design enzymes with new catalytic mechanisms that would be difficult to access within the constraints of the genetic code. We anticipate that the studies highlighted in this article, coupled with the continuing advancements in genetic code expansion technology, will promote the wide-spread use of non-canonical amino acids in biocatalysis research in the coming years
A Big Data Conceptual Model to Improve Quality of Business Analytics
No full textAs big data becomes an important part of business analytics for gaining insights about business practices, the quality of big data is an essential factor impacting the outcomes of business analytics. Although this is quite challenging, conceptual modeling has much potential to solve it since the good quality of data comes from good quality of models. However, existing data models at a conceptual level have limitations to incorporate quality aspects into big data models. In this paper, we propose IRIS, a conceptual modeling framework for big data models which enables us to define three modeling quality notions – relevance, comprehensiveness, and relative priorities and incorporate such qualities into a big data model in a goal-oriented approach. Explored big data models based on the qualities are integrated with existing data grounded on three conventional organizational dimensions creating a virtual big data model. An empirical study has been conducted using the shipping decision process of a worldwide retail chain, to gain an initial understanding of the applicability of this approach
Guidelines for the Li-Fraumeni and Heritable TP53-Related Cancer syndromes
No full textFifty years after the recognition of the Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), our perception of cancers related to germline alterations of TP53 has drastically changed: (i) germline TP53 alterations are often identified among children with cancers, in particular soft-tissue sarcomas, adrenocortical carcinomas, central nervous system tumours or among adult females with early breast cancers, without familial history. This justifies the expansion of the LFS concept to a wider cancer predisposition syndrome designated heritable TP53-related cancer (hTP53rc) syndrome; (ii) the interpretation of germline TP53 variants remains challenging and should integrate epidemiological, phenotypical, bioinformatics prediction and functional data; (iii) the penetrance of germline disease-causing TP53 variants is variable, depending both on the type of variant (dominant-negative variants being associated with a higher cancer risk) and on modifying factors; (iv) whole-body MRI (WBMRI) allows early detection of tumours in variant carriers and (v) in cancer patients with germline disease-causing TP53 variants, radiotherapy and conventional genotoxic chemotherapy contribute to the development of subsequent primary tumours. It is critical to perform TP53 testing before the initiation of treatment in order to avoid in carriers, if possible, radiotherapy and genotoxic chemotherapies. In children, the recommendations are to perform clinical examination and abdominal ultrasound every 6 months, annual WBMRI and brain MRI from the first year of life, if the TP53 variant is known to be associated with childhood cancers. In adults, the surveillance should include every year clinical examination, WBMRI, breast MRI in females from 20 until 65 years and brain MRI until 50 years
DEX: Scaling Applications Beyond Machine Boundaries
No full textIncreasing the computing performance within asingle-machine form factor is becoming increasingly difficultdue to the complexities in scaling processor interconnects andcoherence protocols. On the other hand, converting existing applicationsto run on multiple nodes requires a significant effortto rewrite application logic in distributed programming modelsand adapt the code to the underlying network characteristics.This paper presents DEX, an operating system-level approachto extend the execution boundary of existing applicationsover multiple machines. DEX allows the threads in aprocess to be relocated and distributed dynamically througha simple function call. DEX makes it trivial for developers toconvert any application to be distributed over multiple nodesand for applications to transparently utilize disaggregated resourcesin a rack-scale system with minimal effort. Evaluationresults using a running prototype and eight real applicationsshowed promising results – six out of the eight scaled beyondthe single-machine performance on DEX
Weather in the Anthropocene: Extreme Event Attribution and a Modelled Nature-Culture Divide
No full textUsing a new modelling methodology known as “extreme event attribution”, or EEA, climate scientists can now connect extreme weather to anthropogenic forcings. This paper seeks to uncover the significance of extreme event attribution for the epistemology of climate change, nature, and culture in the Anthropocene. First, we examine how EEA is emblematic of a larger turn in climate modelling, one that seeks to deploy anthropogenic climate change as an explanatory tool for an increasing number of socio-natural phenomena. While some theorists have argued that the Anthropocene heralds the end of the nature-culture divide, we argue that EEA and similar modelling technologies seek to separate human influence from the natural variability of weather, thus establishing a new form of nature-culture divide mediated by computer simulation: a divide which we call “partitioned causality”. Secondly, we demonstrate that partitioned causality is enabled by the relative hegemony of modelling technologies in climate change knowledge, as scientists retain substantial influence over who gets to “speak for” climate impacts. Finally, however, interviews with EEA scientists, journalists, and policymakers on the 2011-2017 California drought reveals that extreme event attribution remains a nascent scientific framework, one marked by epistemic slippage and divergent results. Thus, it serves as a powerful example of how emergent attempts to “domesticate” climate often become caught up in sociopolitical conflicts around who – or what – has the power to shape discourses of climate change in the Anthropocene