Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
Not a member yet
127603 research outputs found
Sort by
Identity, Sovereignty and the EU : Examining eurosceptic sentiments in PiS and Fidesz
No full textThe trajectories for the Polish and Hungarian democracies has changed dramatically in the last decade, changing from least-likely cases on democratic backsliding to weakened democratic institutions following the rise of PiS in Poland and Fidesz in Hungary. Both parties have also brought an increase in eurosceptic sentiment, taking a skeptical stance on several different areas of EU policy. This thesis explores how PiS and Fidesz express eurosceptic sentiments in internal and external EU policy respectively through examining speeches held by selected key figures within the parties during the period 2021-2023, providing insight on a dimension that remains understudied. To systematically compare potential differences between the parties’ rhetoric is made through a qualitative content analysis, in which the statements are coded on a 5-point scale representing on the one end strong eurosceptic sentiments and on the other strong support for a specific EU policy coupled with a further examination of the statements through a qualitative content analysis. This thesis concludes that both parties show largely opposing sentiments towards the EU, PiS tends to have a more positive outlook on general EU integration, while providing harsh rhetoric on specific policy, Fidesz on the other hand offers a overwhelmingly negative outlook. Furthermore no significant difference between the parties’ rhetoric following the external and internal EU policy dimension was identified
Oriental women in paintings of the 19th and 20th century : A comparative analysis of Western and Oriental illustrations of women from the orient regions
No full textThis thesis investigates and compares two types of paintings of oriental character whose main protagonists are women. One category of those paintings belongs to the western world, whereas the other one originates in the actual oriental cultures. The time frame that is researched is the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The artworks are analysed through a feminist perspective and interpreted with the help of the “Oriental” theory which will guide mydiscussion on how the effects of colonialism appear in art. After analysing all the chosen paintings using the decoding tools of the semiotics method, the differences between paintings of oriental origin and those painted by western artists are discussed in order to draw a conclusion about the way that oriental women were represented in art of the western world, and therefore in western society as well, in comparison to the way that the oriental countries depicted and represented their women
Climate, migration, and access to water: A case study of Kenya
No full textThe issue of water scarcity is a growing problem worldwide. The growing population, coupled with the climate change effect, has led to an increase in the demand for water in Kenya, especially in regions where populations are already highly vulnerable in terms of access to water. It´s common for people in these vulnerable regions to migrate as a form of coping and adaptation mechanism in order to escape adverse consequences. Water scarcity in Kenya is thoroughly linked with migration within the country, as most of its population depends on natural resources for their daily livelihoods. This study takes a unique approach, examining the complex relationship between migration, water scarcity, and climate change and how it influences migration patterns in one of the world's 30 most water-scarce countries. To address this topic, a qualitative case study was chosen to analyse existing academic literature in order to identify driving factors behind people's decision to migrate. The Findings of this study have clear implications. Water scarcity, environmental degradation, and climate infrequency were identified as having the largest impact on livelihoods and were therefore seen as important roles in migration, although not as a direct driver but as multiplier factors impacting other drives. However, these are not uniform results in all of the country as Kenya´s semi -arid and arid regions are particularly vulnerable to changes in water access and environmental changes. This thesis concludes with a strong call to action, highlighting the urgent need for interventions to improve water access throughout the country, especially in the semi-arid and arid regions and for the rural people who are at the greatest risk
The polarization of energy preferences – A study on social acceptance of wind and nuclear power in Sweden
No full textUsing Sweden as a study case, this article explores the polarized opinions to wind and nuclear energy, two low carbon energy options that have been shown to be politically controversial. In a wide-scale survey (N = 5200), general attitudes to wind and nuclear energy are captured, as well as to projects in the proximity of people's homes. The study demonstrates a deep polarization of energy preferences in Sweden, finding strong associations between worldviews, political orientation, environmental concern, and support for or resistance to wind and nuclear energy. The study concludes that support for both energy options is reduced when wind or nuclear power is constructed near people's home, but also suggests that the proximity effect is particularly strong for individuals with strong TAN (traditional, authoritarian, nationalistic) values and right leaning political ideology. The article argues that politically motivated reasoning might explain the polarization of attitudes, yet this effect seems to become less relevant when people are asked to judge potential energy infrastructure located close them
When Free was captured in Albanian : self-translation into the mother tongue
No full textThis article argues that there is a significant distinction to be made between self-translation from L2 into the mother tongue and viceversa. The transfer from L2 into the mother tongue is characterised by additions and involves changes in style that can alter how the reader perceives and reads the text. This article examines the self-translation from English into Albanian of Lea Ypi’s translingual memoir Free, in an attempt to understand the divided reception among Albanian readers of a book that is celebrated worldwide in English and in other languages. The results show how the child’s perception in the English version is transformed into an adult’s in the self-translated Albanian version, inviting the reader to a more channelled reading
Pubs and cafés : A systematic literature review and observation of Uppsala
No full textThis study uses Uppsala, Sweden, as a case study to investigate third places and their physical components in fostering social cohesion. Through a systematic literature review and field observations of 18 third places, the research evaluates foundational urban planning theories by Oldenburg, Jacobs, and Gehl against contemporary scientific progress. Third places where social cohesion is present and healthy are analyzed against their own exterior and interior components such as pedestrian-centered planning, accessibility, and sound environments. Findings indicate that street-establishment permeability seems less important towards social cohesion than was stated in most of the literature analyzed. While interior design, pedestrian centered public spaces outside the third place, cultural symbolism in the interior design and good worker-visitor relations seem to have a significant and causal correlation to good social cohesion. While broad and inconclusive, these results contribute to refining urban planning strategies and discovering new perspectives in the study of the third place
Magnetisk susceptibilitet och magnetisk mineralogiav alkaliska bergarter från Lake Natron-EngarukaMonogenetic Volcanic Field (Tanzania)
No full textThe Lake Natron-Engaruka Monogenetic Volcanic Field (LNE-MVF) in northern Tanzania is a region of great scientific value due to its unique geology. This area is located adjacent to Oldoinyo Lengai, the world’s only active (natro-)carbonatite volcano. Volcanic landforms associated with the LNE-MVF are scattered across the rift and comprise more than 150 craters dating back to the Pleistocene, with magmas primarily consisting of melilitites and nephelinites. Despite extensive studies, the volcanic subsurface systems and magma source regions remain not fully understood, leading to ongoing research into the system’s mineralogical and geophysical aspects. This work builds on previous studies and aims to analyze the magnetic susceptibility and mineralogy of melilitites and nephelinites from the LNE-MVF. The thesis also focuses on investigating whether bulk susceptibility could potentially serve as a rapid indi-cator to determine the composition of local rocks in the volcanic field. In this study, magnetic susceptibility measurements, identification of ferromagnetic minerals through Curie-temperature analysis, and optical microscopy were used to analyse 49 samples from the LNE-MVF area. Regarding the chemical composition, the dominant elements did not show a clear lin-ear relationship with susceptibility. For the melilitites, susceptibility appeared to be more associated with the solid solution phases of present ferromagnetic minerals, such as magnetite. In samples with higher magnetic susceptibility, it was challenging to discern the mineral composition using microscopy, as they consisted of opaque lapilli in a calcite matrix. Nephelinites displayed a small to moderate cor-relation between magnetic susceptibility and chemical composition. In the analysed samples, higher susceptibility coincided with more mafic minerals such as clinopyroxene and, particularly, olivine. Some of the phenocryst phases in the nephelinite samples showed signs of discoloration, likely due to fluid alteration. Based on the relationship between susceptibility and chemical content, both the nephelinites and melilitites demonstrated a positive correlation between magnetic susceptibility and chemical prop-erties such as the content of iron oxides, actinides, and other elements like phosphorus and manganese. Additionally, mineralogical properties, such as the degree of fractional crystallization and the presence of mafic minerals, showed a potential relationship with magnetic susceptibility. In summary, these char-acteristics are considered to indicate an observable correlation between chemical and mineralogical composition and magnetic susceptibility in the LNE-MVF samples. However, these observed relation-ships did not follow simple or linear patterns that could be fully explained by magnetic susceptibility.Lake Natron-Engaruka Monogenetic Volcanic Field (LNE-MVF) i norra Tanzania är en region med stort vetenskapligt värde på grund av sin unika geologi. Detta område ligger intill vulkanen Oldoinyo Lengai, världens enda aktiva (natro-)karbonatitvulkan. Vulkaniska landformer som tillhör LNE-MVF är spridda över riftens yta och består av mer än 150 kratrar som dateras till pleistocen, med magmor som främst består av melilititer och nefeliniter. Trots omfattande studier är de vulkaniska underjordiska systemen och magmans källområden ännu inte fullt förstådda, vilket har lett till ny forskning om syste-mets mineralogiska och geofysiska aspekter. Detta arbete bygger vidare på tidigare studier och syftar till att analysera den magnetiska susceptibiliteten och mineralogin hos melilititer och nefeliniter från LNE-MVF. Denna uppsats har även ett fokus på att undersöka om bulk-susceptibilitet potentiellt kan användas som en snabbindikator för att fastställa sammansättningen av lokala bergarter i vulkanfältet LNE-MVF.I detta arbete har magnetiska susceptibilitetsmätningar, identifiering av ferromagnetiska mine-raler via Curie-temperaturanalys och optisk mikroskopi, använts för att analysera 49 prover från LNE-MVF-området. Gällande den kemiska sammansättningen visade de dominerande elementen ingen tyd-lig linjär relation till susceptibiliteten. För melilititerna visade sig susceptibiliteten vara mer kopplad till de fasta lösningsfaserna hos närvarande ferromagnetiska mineraler, såsom magnetit. I prover med högre magnetisk susceptibilitet var det svårt att urskilja mineralsammansättningen genom mikroskopi, då de bestod av opaka lapilli i en kalcitmatris. Nefeliniter visade ett litet till måttligt samband mellan magne-tisk susceptibilitet och kemisk sammansättning. I de analyserade proverna sammanföll högre suscepti-bilitet med mer mafiska mineral såsom klinopyroxen och särskilt olivin. I nefelinitproverna visade några av fenokristallfaserna tecken på missfärgning, troligtvis på grund av fluidomvandling. Utifrån förhållandet mellan susceptibiliten och det kemiska innehållet visade både nefeliniterna och melilititerna en positiv relation mellan den magnetiska susceptibiliteten och kemiska egenskaper såsom halten av järnoxider, aktinider samt andra element som fosfor och mangan. Dessutom visade mineralogiska egenskaper, såsom graden av fraktionerad kristallisation och närvaron av mafiska mine-ral, en möjlig relation med magnetisk susceptibilitet. Sammanfattat anses dessa egenskaper tyda på en observerbar korrelation mellan kemisk och mineralogisk sammansättning med magnetisk susceptibilitet hos LNE-MVF prover, men dessa observerade relationer, följer inte enkla eller linjära mönster som fullt ut förklaras av den magnetiska susceptibiliteten
De rättsliga kraven på banker i kampen mot penningtvätt
No full textDe rättsliga kraven på banker i kampen mot penningtvätt omfattar bland annat skyldigheten att genomföra noggranna kundkännedomskontroller, rapportera misstänkta transaktioner till myndigheter och implementera effektiva interna kontrollsystem för att förebygga olaglig finansiell verksamhet. Detta behöver uppfyllas för att inte bli sedd som en möjliggörare i ett penningtvätts led, vilket kan leda till allvarliga rättsliga påföljder, skador på bankens rykte och förlorad förtroende från både kunder och tillsynsmyndigheter. Den svenska lagstiftningen om penningtvätt regleras huvudsakligen av lagen (2017:630) om åtgärder mot penningtvätt och finansiering av terrorism, baserad på EU:s fjärde och femte penningtvättsdirektiv. Dessa regler syftar till att förhindra att finansiella system utnyttjas för illegala syften. Genom att ha tydliga rutiner och kontroller minimerar man risken för böter, skadestånd och andra negativa konsekvenser. Studien syftar till att analysera hur väl banker följer de gällande reglerna för att förhindra penningtvätt. Genom att undersöka bankernas regelefterlevnad och samverkan med tillsynsmyndigheter vill vi bidra till att stärka det finansiella systemets motståndskraft mot ekonomisk brottslighet. Samarbete mellan banker, myndigheter och andra aktörer är avgörande för att effektivt bekämpa penningtvätt. Trots de ansträngningar som görs, finns det fortfarande utrymme för att förbättra samarbetet och utveckla nya verktyg och metoder för att upptäcka och motverka ekonomisk brottslighet.
Conflicting Principles : An examination of Eva Erman’s Function-sensitive approach to the Democratic Boundary problem
No full textComplications after Breast Cancer Surgery and Oncological Outcomes
No full textBreast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide for females. A frequent complication following breast cancer surgery is surgical site infection (SSI). Complications can result in diminished quality of life, increased morbidity, elevated healthcare costs, delayed initiation of adjuvant therapy, loss of reconstruction, and potentially adverse oncological outcomes. In Paper I, the primary objective was to investigate the purported association between SSI and breast cancer recurrence. In addition, the study aimed to explore a potential link between any postoperative infection and breast cancer recurrence. This population-based, retrospective cohort study found that neither SSI nor other postoperative infections were associated with worse oncologic outcomes. Paper II investigated risk factors for SSI following breast cancer surgery, as well as risk factors for other wound complications. This research was conducted through a prospectively registered cohort study. Multivariable analysis identified BMI 25-30 and BMI >30 as the only significant risk factors for SSI. Additionally, significant risk factors for any wound complication included mastectomy with or without reconstruction, as well as BMI 25-30 and BMI >30. In Paper III, the primary aim was to evaluate whether SSI increases the risk of systemic breast cancer recurrence. Secondary objectives included assessing the impact of SSI on the risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), and overall survival (OS). This analysis utilized high-quality data from national population-based registers, checking for confounding variables such as patient and tumour characteristics. In conclusion, SSI following breast cancer surgery does not significantly increase the risk of systemic recurrence, LRR, overall death, or breast cancer-specific death. Paper IV evaluated the risk of systemic breast cancer recurrence following major systemic postoperative infection or other major event. It also assessed the impact of these exposures on LRR, OS, and BCSS. Utilizing the same cohort as in Paper III, the findings indicated that postoperative major systemic infection was associated with an increased risk of systemic recurrence, overall death and breast cancer-specific death, but not with LRR. In conclusion, this thesis does not support the hypothesis that SSI is associated with poorer oncological outcomes. However, it demonstrates an association between major systemic infections and worse oncological outcomes