Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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A ground-to-GEO-to-LEO satellite optical wireless communication link based on a spectrally efficient and secure modulation scheme
No full textOptical wireless communication (OWC) offers significant advantages over traditional radio frequency systems due to its high bandwidth, ease of deployment, license-free operation, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and inherent security benefits. This research presents a novel all-optical technique for transmitting multiple data channels over an optical link, employing Differential Phase-Shift Keying (DPSK) and Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) schemes. Notably, the combination of DPSK and PPM enhances both data security and spectral efficiency compared to conventional methods. The proposed technique demonstrably achieves error-free transmission of three data channels, each at a data rate of 10 Gbps, as validated through simulation results. Furthermore, the study explores the applicability of this technique to inter-satellite links. By integrating with a geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) data relay satellite, this technique can improve link availability for low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. Our novel approach holds significant promise for practical deployment and seamless integration into future high-speed and secure communication networks, catering to the ever-growing demand for robust data transmission
Impact of Archaic Introgression in the X Chromosome in Southeast Asian and Near Oceanian Populations
No full textDenisovans and Neanderthals are our most closely related species, with evidence we interbred with them now being widely supported by genetic studies. However, little focus has been placed on Southeast Asian and Near Oceanian populations, despite evidence suggesting these populations have the highest level of Denisovan admixture. In this study we aim to advance our understanding of archaic admixture with Denisovans and Neanderthals in the X chromosomes of Southeast Asian and Oceanian populations. We observe variable levels of admixture in X chromosome data from Papuan, Filipino, Thai and Taiwanese individuals, from undetectable signal to approximately 2% Denisovan and 2,5% Neanderthal ancestry as identified by SPrime. These segments are predominantly located in the intergenic and intronic regions according to ANNOVAR, although low levels of archaic admixture can also be identified in protein-coding regions. Notably, these regions were identified by KEGG as being primarily associated with pathways involved in cancer, infection and immunity, suggesting that admixture events may have played a role in the diversification of the immune system of modern humans. We propose future studies to determine whether selection or genetic drift is responsible for the retention of these regions in present-day populations. Additionally, we recommend a more detailed investigation of how the methodological approaches for detecting archaic segments may impact the results in these types of studies.
Ökat kassaflöde genom lagerstyrning – fallstudie av ett mindre industriföretag : Examensarbete i industriell utveckling 2025
No full textDetta examensarbete undersöker och löser utmaningar relaterade till lagerstyrning och långa kredittider för företaget Promoco med målet att öka kassaflödet. I nuläget har företaget problem med att kassaflödet blir negativt då de inte har någon strategi för att styra sina lager samtidigt som de har långa kredittider ut till kunder. Genomförandet av studien baseras på tre frågeställningar: Hur ser nuläget ut för lagerhållning och kredittider?Hur kan företaget styra sina lager på ett mer ekonomiskt sätt?Hur påverkar kredittiderna ekonomin? Syftet med examensarbetet är att utveckla ett lösningsförslag för hur Promoco kan optimera sin lagerstyrning för att förbättra kassaflödet, samt att analysera effekterna av deras långa kredittider på kassaflödet och föreslå lämpliga åtgärder. Studiens design inkluderar kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder för att kunna samla in och analysera data och utefter det dra slutsatser. Även en noggrannare analys av företagets nuvarande situation när det kommer till lager och kredittider har genomförts. För att skapa en strategi för lagerstyrningen identifierades framför allt två variabler, orderkvantitet och beställningspunkt. I dagsläget har företaget ingen specifik beställningspunkt och har utan några vidare beräkningar valt en orderkvantitet på 10 000 produkter. Företaget har även blivit erbjudna mängdrabatter av leverantörer. Efter genomförda beräkningar konstateras att en orderkvantitet på 30 000 enheter, samt en beställningspunkt på 18 000 enheter är ekonomiskt fördelaktigt. Genom att implementera en optimerad strategi för dessa parametrar kan företaget spara ca 100 000 kr per år för en specifik produkt, och därmed förbättra kassaflödet. Skulle dessa parametrar implementeras på fler produkter kan större besparingar komma att ske. En genomsnittlig kredittid beräknades till 78 dagar för företaget, en minskning till 30 dagar skulle motsvara en frigöring på kapital som uppnår nästan 12 miljoner kronor. Skulle en sådan minskning inte vara möjlig föreslås en procentuell ökning av marginalen för att kompensera för de negativa effekterna av långa kredittider, på 5,8%. Studiens slutsatser understryker vikten av en integrerad strategi för lagerstyrning och hantering av kredittider för att uppnå ekonomiska fördelar. Arbete lyfter också förslag för framtida forskning. Av sekretesskäl har viss data i denna studie ersatts med fiktiva värden. Detta har gjorts för att skydda företagskänslig information, och de verkliga siffrorna har granskats och godkänts av både företaget och examinatorn. Dessa justeringar påverkar inte studiens slutsatser eller relevans.This thesis examines and addresses challenges related to inventory management and long credit periods for the company Promoco, with the goal of increasing cash flow. Currently, the company is experiencing negative cash flow as they lack a strategy to control their inventory while having long credit periods for customers. The study is based on three questions: 1. What is the current situation regarding inventory management and credit terms? 2. How can the company manage its inventory more economically? 3. How do credit terms affect the economy? The aim of the thesis is to propose a solution for Promoco to optimize inventory management and improve cash flow, while analyzing the impact of long credit terms and suggesting improvements. The study design includes both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect and analyze data, leading to conclusions. A more detailed analysis of the company's current situation regarding inventory and credit periods has also been conducted. To create an inventory management strategy, two variables were primarily identified: order quantity and reorder point. Currently, the company does not have a specific reorder point and has chosen an order quantity of 10,000 products without further calculations. The company has also been offered quantity discounts by suppliers. After performing calculations, it is determined that an order quantity of 30,000 units and a reorder point of 18,000 units are economically advantageous. By implementing an optimized strategy for these parameters, the company can save approximately 100,000 SEK per year for one specific product, thus improving cash flow. An average credit period was calculated to be 78 days, and a reduction to 30 days would free up capital amounting to nearly 12 million SEK. If such a reduction is not possible, a percentage increase in the margin of 5.8% is suggested to compensate for the negative effects of long credit periods. The conclusions of the study emphasize the importance of an integrated strategy for inventory management and credit period management to achieve economic benefits. The work also highlights suggestions for future research. For confidentiality reasons, certain data in this study has been replaced with fictitious values. This was done to protect sensitive business information, and the actual figures have been reviewed and approved by both the company and the examiner. These adjustments do not affect the study's conclusions or relevanc
Snow bunting Plectrophenax nivalis breeding in a warming High Arctic: Does spring advancement influence breeding phenology and success?
No full textMulti-omic analysis of SDHB-deficient pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas identifies metastasis and treatment-related molecular profiles
No full textHereditary SDHB-mutant pheochromocytomas (PC) and paragangliomas (PG) are rare tumours with a high propensity to metastasize although their clinical behaviour is unpredictable. To characterize the genomic landscape of these tumours and identify metastasis biomarkers, we perform multi-omic analysis on 94 tumours from 79 patients using seven molecular methods. Sympathetic (chromaffin cell) and parasympathetic (non-chromaffin cell) PCPG have distinct molecular profiles reflecting their cell-of-origin and biochemical profile. TERT and ATRX-alterations are associated with metastatic PCPG and these tumours have an increased mutation load, and distinct transcriptional and telomeric features. Most PCPG have quiet genomes with some rare co-operative driver events, including EPAS1/HIF-2 alpha mutations. Two mechanisms of acquired resistance to DNA alkylating chemotherapies are identifiable; MGMT overexpression and mismatch repair-deficiency causing hypermutation. Our comprehensive multi-omic analysis of SDHB-mutant PCPG therefore identifies features of metastatic disease and treatment response, expanding our understanding of these rare neuroendocrine tumours
Validation of ICD-10 codes used to identify the main reason for hospitalization due to hyponatremia in Sweden
No full textPurpose Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder, with potentially serious consequences. Studies validating hyponatremia used as a principal diagnosis are lacking. Studying principal diagnoses is important since it indicates the main reason for inpatient care. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of principal diagnoses of hyponatremia according to the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10) in patients discharged from hospital. Methods Three independent reviewers retrospectively analyzed medical records of 428 hospitalized patients, >= 18 years old, discharged with a principal diagnosis of either hyponatremia or syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) from three different hospitals during 2014-2017. The positive predictive value of hyponatremia as a principal diagnosis was calculated. Results The median age of the studied population was 73 (IQR 64-81) years and 69% were women. The range of sodium levels was < 100 to 139 mmol/L. The mean sodium level was 119 mmol/L. Of the patients 27% were treated in an intensive care unit (ICU)/high dependency unit (HDU). Hyponatremia was deemed to be the principal cause of inpatient care in 411 out of 428 patients, corresponding to a positive predictive value for hyponatremia as a principal diagnosis of 96% (CI 95% 94-98). Conclusions The current study showed that 19 diagnoses out of 20 were correct implying a high validity. Thus, a principal diagnosis of hyponatremia, appears to be a useful measure in clinical and epidemiological studies aiming to target a clinically relevant consequence of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients
A Novel Approach to Efficiently Verify Sequential Consistency in Concurrent Programs
No full textVerifying sequential consistency (SC) in concurrent programs is computationally challenging due to the exponential growth of possible interleavings among read and write operations. Many of these interleavings produce identical outcomes, rendering exhaustive verification approaches inefficient and computationally expensive, especially as thread counts increase. To mitigate this challenge, this study introduces a novel approach that efficiently verifies SC by identifying a minimal subset of valid event orderings. The proposed method iteratively focuses on ordering write events and evaluates their compatibility with SC conditions, including program order, read-from (rf) relations, and SC semantics, thereby significantly reducing redundant computations. Corresponding read events are subsequently integrated according to program order once the validity of write events has been confirmed, enabling rapid identification of violations to SC criteria. Three algorithmic variants of this approach were developed and empirically evaluated. The final variant exhibited superior performance, achieving substantial improvements in execution time-ranging from 31.919% to 99.992%-compared to the optimal existing practical SC verification algorithms. Additionally, comparative experiments demonstrated that the proposed approach consistently outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in both efficiency and scalability
Olika aspekter av psykisk hälsa hos patienter som drabbats av stroke och skrivits ut från sjukhuset
No full textIntroduktion: Stroke är en vanlig dödsorsak i världen och drabbar 15 miljoner människor årligen. Stroke kan medföra stor livsomställning med allvarliga funktionsnedsättningar vilket kan öka risken för psykisk ohälsa. Efter sjukhusvård behöver ett flertal fortsatt behandling så den psykiska hälsan inte påverkas negativt. Katie Erikssons omvårdnadsteori beskriver människan som unik med olika behov som medför att personcentrerad omvårdnad bör appliceras. Syfte: Att beskriva olika aspekter av psykisk hälsa som patienter som drabbats av stroke upplever efter utskrivning från sjukhuset. Metod: En deskriptiv design med kvalitativ ansats där litteraturöversikt har använts för datainsamlig. Tio artiklar kvalitetgranskades och analyserades innan sammanställning av resultatet. Resultat: Fem kategorier identifierades; Meningsfullhet i det förändrade livet, Copingstrategier för att hantera sjukdomens konsekvenser, Stödets betydelse för den psykiska hälsan, Faktorer som bidrog till social isolering och Känslomässiga reaktioner till följd en förändrad livssituation. Den psykiska hälsan kunde påverkas positivt av exempelvis nya insikter, copingstrategier, personliga egenskaper, stöd och när olika delar av livet återficks. Den psykiska hälsan kunde påverkas negativt av funktionsnedsättningar, en förändrad fysisk och social situation, samt förlust av olika delar av det tidigare livet. Slutsats: Den psykiska hälsan påverkades positivt och negativt efter utskrivning från sjukhuset. Stöd från andra och meningsfulla aktiviteter hade en positiv påverkan på den psykiska hälsan efter insjuknandet. Vårdpersonal kan stärka den psykiska hälsan för patientgruppen genom stödjande vårdrelationer och en personcentrerad omvårdnad som motiverar till ett aktivt och meningsfullt liv. Genom tidig uppföljning kan patienternas lidande minska och psykisk hälsa främjas. Background: Stroke is a common cause of death in the world, affecting 15 million people annually. Stroke can lead to major life changes with severe disabilities, which can increase the risk of mental illness. After hospitalization, some people might need further treatment, so their mental health is not negatively affected. Katie Eriksson's nursing theory describes the human being as unique with different needs and person-centered care should be applied. Aim: To describe various aspects of mental health experienced by patients who have suffered a stroke after being discharged from the hospital. Method: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach, where a literature overview was used for data collection. Ten articles were quality reviewed and analyzed before compiling the results. Result: Five categories were identified; Meaningfulness in the changed life, Coping strategies to deal with the consequences of the illness, The importance of support for mental health, Factors that contributed to social isolation and Emotional reactions after a changed life situation. The mental health could be improved by different coping-strategies and others support, and negatively affected by the loss of different parts of the previous life Conclusion: Support from others and meaningful activities had a positive impact on mental health after the illness. Healthcare professionals can strengthen the mental health of the patient group through supportive care relationships and person-centered care that motivates an active and meaningful life. Through early follow-up, patients' suffering can be reduced and mental health promoted.
International Validation of the Vascular Registry of Switzerland, Swissvasc : A VASCUNET Report
No full textObjective: Data validity and completeness are essential for registry data, and a meaningful interpretation of differences between countries can only be made if the data are robust within each of the countries. Therefore, the VASCUNET collaboration has performed validation of several vascular registries and so far published the validation results of national vascular registries of Sweden, Denmark, and Malta. The findings of the validation of the Swissvasc Registry, the vascular registry of Switzerland, are presented here. Methods: Five of 34 hospitals participating in Swissvasc were visited by two international validators. Independent evaluation of the procedures of carotid endarterectomy, infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair, and bypass surgery for lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) was performed. Local administrative data and Swissvasc Registry data were compared for external validation, as well as registry data of 15 randomly picked cases within each group with data from individual patient records for internal validation. Results: Hospital administrative data identified 265 carotid, 399 AAA, and 399 LEAD procedures, whereas Swissvasc identified 265 carotid, 398 AAA, and 395 LEAD procedures. Four LEAD procedures were found in hospital administrative data but not in Swissvasc. External validity was 100% for carotid, 99.8% for AAA, and 99% for LEAD. In internal validation, 5.2% of the variable data were missing in Swissvasc, and 2.4% were different from data in patient records, resulting in external validity of 92.8% for carotid, 94.4% for AAA, and 90.1% for LEAD. Conclusion: The VASCUNET template was used for international validation of registry data and demonstrated that Swissvasc is a reliable system of quality data collection for the participating vascular centres, with excellent external validity and good internal validity. Quality of the Swissvasc registry data was clearly superior to local administrative data
The cross-linguistic uses of proper names
No full textA distinctive and widely recognized feature of proper names is that, unlike other words, names can be used across languages without modification. Yet, this feature of names-the prevalence and acceptability of their 'cross-linguistic' uses-has been mostly overlooked within philosophy. This article highlights the theoretical importance of the cross-linguistic uses of names in the debate concerning their syntax and semantics. It identifies an anomalous phonological feature of names in their cross-linguistic uses and argues that the source of the anomaly is the widespread view that proper names are syntactically simple. It also argues that such uses provide evidence for the syntactic view that the phonological articulation of a name is mentioned and not used in the syntax-a view that is consistent with some but not all semantic views of names. By examining the hitherto overlooked cross-linguistic uses of names, this article provides new evidence in favour of a certain variety of metalinguistic views concerning the syntax and semantics of names