Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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C3PO-IV. Co-natal stars depleted in refractories are magnetically more active : possible imprints of planets
No full textChemical abundance anomalies in twin stars have recently been considered tell-tale signs of interactions between stars and planets. While such signals are prevalent, their nature remains a subject of debate. On the one hand, exoplanet formation may induce chemical depletion in host stars by locking up refractory elements. On the other hand, exoplanet engulfment can result in chemical enrichment, and both processes potentially produce similar differential signals. In this study, we aim to observationally disentangle these processes by using the Ca ii infrared triplet to measure the magnetic activity of 125 co-moving star pairs with high signal-to-noise ratio, and high-resolution spectra from the Magellan, Keck, and VLT (Very Large Telescope) telescopes. We find that co-natal star pairs in which the two stars exhibit significant chemical abundance differences also show differences in their magnetic activity, with stars depleted in refractories being magnetically more active. Furthermore, the strength of this correlation between differential chemical abundances and differential magnetic activity increases with condensation temperature. One possible explanation is that the chemical anomaly signature may be linked to planet formation, wherein refractory elements are locked into planets, and the host stars become more active due to more efficient contraction during the pre-main-sequence phase or star-planet tidal and magnetic interactions
Conditioned media of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth contain factors related to extracellular matrix organization and promotes corneal epithelial wound healing
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of cell-free conditioned media (CM) from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), specifically stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), for treating ocular surface diseases. The proteomes of various hMSC-CMs were compared using cytokine array and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Bioinformatic analysis identified key biological pathways associated with SHED-CM, immortalized SHED-CM (IM-SHED-CM), and a fractionated component of IM-SHED-CM in which low weight molecules (less than 3.5kD) were depleted. Corneal epithelial wound healing models were constructed by epithelial scraping and treated with eye drops derived from SHED-CM. For the migration assay, the human corneal epithelial cells were wounded and then incubated with SHEDCM. SHED-CM, IM-SHED-CM, and >3.5 kD fractionated component eyedrops were administered to a chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) mouse model with sever corneal epithelial damages. SHED-CM, IM-SHED-CM, and >3.5 kD fractionated component of IM-SHED-CM were enriched in factors involved in epithelial wound healing, particularly extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. Both in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that SHED-CM significantly enhanced corneal epithelial wound healing. Furthermore, SHED-CM-derived eye drops reduced corneal epithelial damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and oxidative stress in the corneal epithelium and maintained the expression of limbal stem cell markers in the cGVHD mouse model. These findings suggest that SHED-CM eye drops could be a novel treatment for corneal epithelial damage, highlighting the role of bioactive factors in promoting wound healing and offering an alternative to cell-based MSC therapies for corneal wound healing
Observation of a rare beta decay of the charmed baryon with a Graph Neural Network
No full textThe beta decay of the lightest charmed baryon.+ c provides unique insights into the fundamental mechanism of strong and electro-weak interactions, serving as a testbed for investigating non-perturbative quantum chromodynamics and constraining the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix parameters. This article presents the first observation of the Cabibbosuppressed decay Lambda(+) (c) -> ne(+)v(e), utilizing 4.5 fb(-1) of electron-positron annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector. A novel Graph Neural Network based technique effectively separates signals from dominant backgrounds, notably Lambda(+) (c) -> Lambda e(+)v(e), achieving a statistical significance exceeding 10s. The absolute branching fraction ismeasured to be (3.57 +/- 0.34(stat.)+/- 0.14(syst).) x 10(-3). For the first time, the CKM matrix element |V-cd| is extracted via a charmed baryon decay as 0:208 +/- 0:011(exp): +/- 0:007(LQCD) +/- 0:001 tau(+)(Lambda) (c). This work highlights a new approach to further understand fundamental interactions in the charmed baryon sector, and showcases the power ofmodernmachine learning techniques in experimental high-energy physics.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55042-y</p
Being Awake During Surgery – An Analysis of the Patient’s Experiences Using the Fundamentals of Care Framework : -A Literature review
No full textBakgrund: Regional anestesi används allt oftare vid kirurgiska ingrepp. Samtidigt innebär detta att allt fler patienter är vakna under operation, vilket kan medföra obehag och ställer särskilda krav på den intraoperativa omvårdnaden. Trots detta saknas en samlad förståelse för patienters intraoperativa upplevelser. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att belysa patientens upplevelser av att vara vaken under operation i regional anestesi och analysera dessa utifrån ramverket Fundamentals of Care. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie med systematisk ansats. Femton kvalitativa studier analyserades med deduktiv manifest innehållsanalys där Fundamentals of Care användes som teoretiskt ramverk och dess tre dimensioner fungerade som förutbestämda kategorier i analysen. Resultat: Patientens upplevelser påverkades av anestesisjuksköterskans närvaro, kommunikation och förmåga att skapa en förtroendefull relation. Bristande relationell omvårdad, otillräcklig information och en teknikdominerad miljö bidrog till känslor av utsatthet och otrygghet. Rädsla, smärta och känslan av att vara objektifierad under ingreppet framträdde som centrala aspekter av patientens upplevelser. Slutsats: Anestesisjuksköterskans kommunikativa insatser och trygghetsskapande åtgärder har en avgörande betydelse för att förbättra patientens upplevelse och minimera intraoperativt obehag. Fundamentals of Care kan fungera som ett stödjande ramverk för att systematisk integrera relationell och psykosocial omvårdad, vilket kan förbättra patientupplevelsen, stärka tryggheten och på sikt bidra till en mer hållbar vårdmodell.Background: Regional anesthesia is increasingly used in surgical procedures. This also means that more patients remain awake during surgery, which can cause discomfort and place specific demands on intraoperative nursing care. Despite this, a comprehensive understanding of patients’ intraoperative experiences is still lacking. Aim: The aim of this literature review is to explore the patient’s experiences of being awake during surgery with regional anesthesia and to analyze these using the Fundamentals of Care framework. Method: A qualitative literature review with a systematic approach was conducted. Fifteen qualitative studies were analyzed using deductive manifest content analysis. Fundamentals of Care was used as the theoretical framework, and its three dimensions served as predetermined categories in the analysis. Results: Patients’ experiences were influenced by the nurse anesthetist’s presence, communication, and ability to establish a trusting relationship. A lack of relational care, insufficient information, and a technology-dominated environment contributed to feelings of vulnerability and insecurity. Fear, pain, and the sense of being objectified emerged as central aspects of the patient experience. Conclusion: The nurse anesthetist’s communication and reassurance strategies are crucial for improving patients’ experiences and reducing intraoperative discomfort. The Fundamentals of Care framework can support the systematic integration of relational and psychosocial nursing, which may enhance patient experiences, strengthen their sense of security, and contribute to a more sustainable care model
An Emergent Rebellion : Activist Engagement with Ann-Helén Laestadius' Coming-of-Age Novel Stöld (Stolen: A Novel)
No full textThis article is about how Elsa, a young Sámi girl in Ann-Helén Laestadius’ Stolen, learns to resist hate crimes that seek to sever her roots in traditional Indigenous herding practices. The nine-year old Elsa witnesses the killing of her personal reindeer and is threatened into a decade-long silence by the killer. There are more attacks which we read as the violent enforcement of western linear time on traditional seasonal herding cycles. The novel charts Elsa’s coming-of-age as a rebel able to seek retribution not just for herself and her reindeer but also to fight for a vital future for her culture. We read Stolen together with “revolutionary theory” to show how imposed settler temporality is harmful to sustainable modes of living. We emphasise a range of eco-activist responses to the novel, among them rebel reading itself as one of several forms of political engagement available for the eco-rebel. We consider teaching Stolen at secondary school level focusing on how readers can practice risk-taking engagement with a text while learning “how to read our world now” in solidarity with Elsa’s struggle for her people’s survival within an ecologically and socially just future for all. Ultimately, Elsa’s emergent rebellion suggests forms of activism based on a commitment to ancestry, especially its future
Womens quality of life after mastectomy : A litterature review
No full textBakgrund. Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerrelaterade dödsorsaken bland kvinnor världen över. Bara i Sverige drabbas tusentals kvinnor varje år varav en av behandlingsmetoderna är mastektomi. Syfte. Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur kvinnor som genomgått mastektomi skattar sin livskvalitet avseende fysiska, psykiska och sociala aspekter. Metod. Studiens metod var en litteraturöversikt med tio kvantitativa originalartiklar som undersökte kvinnors fysiska, psykiska och/eller sociala livskvalitet efter mastektomi. Artiklarna hittades i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Resultat. Kvinnor som gjort en mastektomi upplevde fysiska, psykiska och sociala aspekter som påverkade deras liv. De fysiska aspekterna handlade om smärta, obehag, sömnlöshet och aptitlöshet. Fysiska begränsningar som försämrad armfunktion orsakade svårigheter med att klara av vardagsaktiviteter och jobb. De psykiska aspekterna var kopplade till depressiva symtom såsom ångest, sorg och nedstämdhet samt en försämrad kroppsbild. En del kvinnor upplevde också ett dåligt sexuellt välbefinnande. Den sociala aspekten var viktig för många kvinnor då de upplevde att stöd gav en god effekt på emotionellt välbefinnande. Slutsats. Kvinnor som har genomgått en mastektomi upplever fysiska, psykiska och sociala aspekter efter ingreppet som påverkar deras livskvalitet. Dessa kvinnor är i behov av stöd och uppföljning. En ökad kunskap bland sjuksköterskor kan möjliggöra en tidig identifiering av negativa effekter på livskvaliteten. Background. Breast cancer is the most common cancer-related cause of death among women worldwide. In Sweden alone, thousands of women are affected every year, with one of the treatment methods being mastectomy. Aim. The purpose of the study was to describe how women who have undergone mastectomy assess their quality of life in terms of physical, psychological and social aspects. Method. The method of this study was a literature review with ten quantitative original articles that investigated women's physical, psychological, and/or social quality of life after mastectomy. The articles were found in the databases PubMed and CINAHL. Results. Women who had undergone a mastectomy experienced of physical, psychological and social aspects that affected their lives. The physical aspects included pain, discomfort, insomnia, and loss of appetite. Physical limitations such as impaired arm function caused difficulties in managing daily activities and work. The psychological aspects were linked to depressive symptoms such as anxiety, sadness, and low mood, as well as a poor body image. Some women also experienced poor sexual well-being. The social aspect was important for many women, as they reported that support had a positive effect on emotional well-being. Conclusion. Women who have undergone mastectomy experience physical, psychological, and social aspects that impact their quality of life. These women are in need of support and follow-up. Increased knowledge among nurses can enable early identification of negative effects on quality of life
Våldsutsatta kvinnors upplevelser av mötet med vårdpersonal inom hälso- och sjukvården : En litteraturstudie
No full textIntroduction: Violence against women in intimate relationships is a public health problem worldwide and the consequences of violence are devastating for women. Healthcare professionals need to have knowledge of screening in order to be able to detect and identify women exposed to violence early, which is a prerequisite for good care. Aim: The purpose was to describe the experiences of women exposed to violence in a close relationships in the encounter with healthcare professionals in the healthcare setting. Method: A literature review was used as a data collection method with a descriptive design. The PubMed and Psycinfo databases were used, twelve articles were found and included in the work. The articles were checked by the SBU's review template for qualitative studies (Statens berlanding för mediksin och social utvärmedning [SBU], 2022). The results were reviewed using Popenoe's results analysis (Popenoe et al., 2021). Result: Three categories emerged: Communication, Barriers to disclosing violence in intimate relationships and Creating a care relationship. It emerged that the women experienced a lack of information about what help the healthcare staff could offer. It emerged that healthcare staff did not dare to ask questions about violence because they were afraid of the answer. Two barriers to disclosure of violence were also identified and there was fear among the women because they believed that the family would be negatively affected and that the healthcare staff was perceived to be stressed in the meeting. Several good and bad meetings were also described by the women and in order to create a trusting relationship, the healthcare staff needed to create trust through active listening and by showing empathy. Conclusion: The literature review showed that the women experienced inadequate communication from the healthcare staff. There was uncertainty among the healthcare staff which resulted in the women not always being asked about violence in intimate relationships. Several barriers to disclosing violence in intimate relationships emerged. The women were afraid of losing their family, afraid of being judged and that the healthcare environment was an obstacle to telling
Sustainable Education for Sustainable Heritage : Managing the Tension Between Professional Practice and Critical Inquiry
No full textThis paper reflects on Uppsala University’s experiences from organizing higher education in conservation, and argues how curricula can be rethought and reorganized to foster a genuine shift towards sustainable education. It discusses various experiences of developing and planning interdisciplinary higher education programs in conservation and how curricula can be transformed to broaden the sustainability competence of future heritage professionals. We need to foster heritage professionals that are capable of exploiting the dynamic and negotiated nature of heritage for the good of society. By embracing change and loss there are opportunities to use heritage in more benign and sustainable ways. But there are profound differences between how heritage and its role in society are understood in conservation as a field of practice and as a field of inquiry. Based on the experience from Uppsala University, the authors argue that there is a need for a conservation curriculum in higher education that balances and integrates normative competence and critical inquiry: a middle path, where opposing perspectives can thrive in parallel
The Measurement of Functioning as an Outcome in Intervention Studies Targeting Intrusive Memories of Trauma : A Narrative Review
No full textThere has been a call for innovative, low-cost and simple treatments for people who have experienced trauma. The proposal that targeting intrusive memories could have the downstream effect of reducing other posttrauma symptoms or preventing their emergence has prompted the development of single-symptom interventions for intrusive memories, drawing on cognitive neuroscience models of memory consolidation and reconsolidation. To understand their full therapeutic impact, evaluations of the effectiveness of single-symptom interventions should include measures of broad outcomes (i.e. functioning), in addition to intrusion-related measures. This narrative review examined whether intervention studies targeting intrusive memories after real-world trauma measured functioning as an outcome, and if so, how. Twenty-five studies were included, 17 of which included a measure of functioning. Functional outcomes were not consistently measured in a rigorous or informative way. We make recommendations to address these issues and propose ways in which functioning can be effectively assessed in future work
Properties of Heavy Higgs Bosons and Dark Matter Under Current Experimental Limits in the μNMSSM
No full textSearches for new particles beyond the Standard Model (SM) are an important task for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this paper, we investigate the properties of the heavy non-SM Higgs bosons in the mu-term extended Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (mu NMSSM). We scan the parameter space of the mu NMSSM considering the basic constraints from Higgs data, dark matter (DM) relic density, and LHC searches for sparticles. And we also consider the constraints from the LZ2022 experiment and the muon anomaly constraint at the 2 sigma level. We find that the LZ2022 experiment has a strict constraint on the parameter space of the mu NMSSM, and the limits from the DM-nucleon spin-independent (SI) and spin-dependent (SD) cross-sections are complementary. Then, we discuss the exotic decay modes of heavy Higgs bosons decaying into SM-like Higgs bosons. We find that for doublet-dominated Higgs h3 and A2, the main exotic decay channels are h3 -> ZA1, h3 -> h1h2, A2 -> A1h1, and A2 -> Zh2, and the branching ratio can reach to about 23%, 10%, 35%, and 10% respectively