Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
Not a member yet
127603 research outputs found
Sort by
Restoring landscapes to build common futures : Land redistribution and environmental action in rural Scotland
No full textEcosystem restoration is crucial for reversing environmental degradation, yet contemporary approaches often frame restoration as a technical, science-driven endeavour, neglecting the social and political processes through which communities mobilise for landscape revitalisation. This paper develops the concept of restorative commoning, which we define as a bottom-up creative process in which communities envision and enact new futures for their landscapes in pursuit of collective thriving. We ground this concept in an ethnographic study of Langholm in Scotland, where local residents organised a landmark community buyout of private land, establishing the Tarras Valley Nature Reserve. Through interviews, participant observations, and transect walks, we analyse how residents engaged with restoration not just as an ecological project but as a social, political, and affective act, redefining relationships with place, community, and ecosystems. Our findings reveal how restorative commoning emerges from grassroots mobilisation, historical solidarity, and supportive policy frameworks, particularly land tenure reforms that enable collective ownership. The Langholm case demonstrates that such ownership acts as a catalyst, transforming reactive resistance into proactive reimagination of landscapes. Beyond ecological outcomes, the process nurtures civic revitalisation, challenging dominant paradigms of privatisation and expert-led restoration. We argue that restorative commoning shifts restoration from a return to past conditions to a forward-looking, collective process of socio-ecological change. The study highlights the need for policies that create enabling conditions for community-led restoration, emphasising the interdependence of ecosystem health and social well-being. By centering local agency, affective ties to place, and democratic governance, restorative commoning offers a pathway for more inclusive and sustainable approaches to landscape revitalisation
"It is like he abandoned me in a war" - A qualitative study of relationship distress in parents of children diagnosed with cancer
No full textPurpose: Up to 40 % of parents of children with cancer experience relationship distress; a significantly higher proportion compared to the general population. Despite this elevated risk, there are few in-depth qualitative studies investigating relationship distress in the paediatric oncology context. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how parents of children with cancer experience relationship distress to thereby generate an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Method: A sample of 25 parents (17 mothers, 8 fathers) who had experienced relationship distress related to their child's cancer participated in semi-structured interviews exploring relationship dynamics, communication, conflict management, and relational changes following the child's diagnosis. The interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using inductive content analysis. Results: Three categories and nine subcategories were identified. In addition to these, one overarching theme emerged. The first category 'Pressure on the relationship', illustrated factors that placed strain on the couple relationship. The second category 'When unity fails' included parents' experiences of challenges in dealing with the situation together as a couple. The third category 'Fractured togetherness' highlighted relationship deterioration as a result of the cancer experience. The theme 'Fighting together, yet drifting apart' linked the categories by illustrating the process of experiencing joint hardships, of trying to manage these together, but ending up with a wounded relationship. Conclusion: This study contributes with an in-depth understanding of relationship distress in parents of children with cancer. Thereby, it can contribute to the development of currently limited interventions to support parents' couple relationships in paediatric oncology care
Optimization and re-operation of the fission fragment spectrometer VERDI
No full textThe VElocity foR Direct particle Identification (VERDI) spectrometer is a Fission Fragment detection instrument based on the double-energy double-velocity (2E-2v) method. The aim is to determine fission fragment yield distributions with a mass resolution of at least A/Delta A = 100. VERDI features two time-of-flight (TOF) sections, each equipped with a micro-channel plate (MCP) detector for the start time-of-flight determination and up to 31 passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detectors for fragment time-of-flight (TOF) and energy measurement. We report on improvements in the data acquisition and the technical performance of our time pickup and energy detection
Development of the N400 in infancy
No full textIn this longitudinal EEG study, we examined the developmental trajectory of the N400 component using a wordpicture mismatch-paradigm in 18 infants at 10 and 12 months of age. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded and analyzed in three consecutive time windows (400-600 ms, 600-800 ms, 800-1000 ms poststimulus). At 10 months, a significant N400-like effect occurred (400-600 ms) but diminished by 12 months, potentially due to developmental changes or increased stimuli familiarity. No significant correlation emerged between N400 amplitude and parental reports of receptive vocabulary. These results imply that the N400 effect is present already in infancy
Suicide after involuntary psychiatric care : a nationwide cohort study in Sweden
No full textBackground Little is known about the risk of suicide in individuals treated against their will in involuntary psychiatric care (IPC). This population-based study provides a first comprehensive description of suicide among individuals who experienced IPC. Methods We studied all individuals discharged from IPC in Sweden from 2010 through 2020. Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics are reported followed by suicide risk for the complete IPC population and stratified by sex, age, IPC history, and diagnostic category. Crude and adjusted relative risks compared to all individuals discharged from psychiatric in-and outpatient care and the general population were estimated using Poisson regression. Suicide methods, seasonal trends, and geographical variance are also reported. Findings We identified 72 275 patients treated in IPC with a total of 134 514 inpatient care episodes (mean age = 44.8 years, 37 462 [51.8%] males). Of these, 2104 (2.9%) died by suicide over a median follow-up time of 4.4 years (IQR: 1.8-7.5). Suicide decedents were younger, more often male, single, diagnosed with personality and substance use disorders, and had a history of self-harm and IPC, compared to those who did not die by suicide. The absolute risk (crude incidence rate (IR) per 100 000 person-years) for all IPC patients was highest closest to discharge (IR1month = 2941 [2538, 3408]) and decreased thereafter (IR5years = 738 [705, 773]). Suicide risk in IPC patients was elevated relative to psychiatric inpatients (crude IR ratio (IRR)5years = 1.57 [1.48, 1.65]), psychiatric outpatients (IRR5years = 3.77 [3.58, 3.97]), and the general population (IRR5years= 55.52 [52.65, 58.54]). Interpretation We found substantial risk differences in distinct subgroups of IPC patients and an excess suicide risk among IPC patients compared to other clinical populations. These findings warrant further investigation as they could inform clinicians and policy makers regarding potential risk stratification, monitoring, and care. Preventing suicides after IPC should be a priority
Successful Management of Two Consecutive Pregnancies With Maternal-Fetal Phenylketonuria : Lessons From Clinical Practice
No full textPhenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), leading to the accumulation of phenylalanine (Phe) and an increased risk of developmental disorders. Treatment involves a Phe-restricted diet, amino acid supplements, and for a subset of patients, a tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) chaperone. Managing PKU during pregnancy is challenging due to changing protein and energy needs, stricter Phe control, nausea, and unpalatable supplements. In rare cases of simultaneous maternal and fetal PKU, Phe tolerance may increase less throughout gestation, raising the demands on the patient and caregivers. There are few reports and no guidelines on the management of PKU during pregnancies in which both mother and fetus have PKU, hereafter referred to as maternal-fetal PKU (mfPKU). This report outlines our approach for successfully managing two consecutive mfPKU pregnancies. We emphasize a patient-centered approach, focusing on patient education and close collaboration with a multidisciplinary metabolic team. This involves regular monitoring of body weight, blood Phe levels, and calorie intake through an online food diary to tailor individual recommendations for natural protein restriction and amino acid supplements
Functionalized gold nanoflowers on carbon screen-printed electrodes : an electrochemical platform for biosensing hemagglutinin protein of influenza A H1N1 virus
No full textAn electrochemical biosensor based on modified carbon screen-printed electrodes was developed for the detection of hemagglutinin of influenza A H1N1 virus (H1). Gold nanoflowers were electrodeposited on the electrode to increase conductivity and surface area. The electrochemical signal was amplified by functionalization of the gold nanoflowers with 4-aminothiophenol, which resulted in a 100-fold decrease of the charge transfer resistance due to a tunneling effect. Subsequently, monoclonal antibodies against H1 were immobilized on the surface via covalent amide bond formation, followed by blocking with bovine serum albumin to minimize nonspecific hydrophobic binding. The electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments in the presence of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to measure the change in current across the electrode as a function of H1 concentration. This was performed on a series of samples of artificial saliva containing H1 protein in a clinically relevant concentration range. In these experiments, the biosensor showed a limit of detection of 19 pg/mL. Finally, the biosensor platform was coupled to an automated microfluidics system, and no significant decrease of the electrochemical signal was observed
Balanced electrolyte solution with 1% glucose as intraoperative maintenance fluid in infants : a prospective study of glucose, electrolyte, and acid-base homeostasis.
No full textBACKGROUND: Optimal composition and infusion rates of intravenous maintenance fluids for children undergoing surgery are not well defined. Avoidance of hypoglycaemia, ketosis, and hyponatraemia is important, and current guidelines recommend isotonic fluids containing 1.0-2.5% glucose. However, evidence for its safe use in infants is insufficient. The aim of this study was to investigate whether normoglycaemia is maintained in infants using a balanced electrolyte maintenance infusion with 1% glucose. METHODS: Infants 1-12 months of age undergoing surgery were included in this prospective two-centre study. Intravenous maintenance fluid was given with infusion rates of 4-8 ml kg-1 h-1. Blood gas and ketone body analysis were performed at induction and at the end of anaesthesia. Plasma glucose concentration was monitored intraoperatively. RESULTS: For the 365 infants included in this study, the median infusion rate of maintenance fluid was 3.97 (interquartile range 3.21-5.35) ml kg-1 h-1. Mean plasma glucose concentration increased from 5.3 mM at induction to 6.1 mM at the end of anaesthesia (mean difference 0.8 mM; 95% confidence interval 0.6-0.9, P<0.001). No cases of hypoglycaemia (<3.0 mM) occurred. Mean sodium concentration remained stable during anaesthesia. Chloride and ketone body concentration increased and base excess decreased, but these were within the normal range. CONCLUSIONS: In infants undergoing surgery, maintenance infusion with a balanced electrolyte solution containing 1% glucose, at rates similar to those proposed by Holliday and Segar is a safe alternative with regards to homeostasis of glucose, electrolytes, and acid-base balance. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12619000833167
Associations between daily composition of 24 h physical behavior with affective states and working memory
No full textThe daily association between 24-hour physical behavior compositions (moderate-to-vigorous physicalactivity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), standing, sedentary, and sleep) and psychologicaloutcomes—such as momentary affective state assessments and working memory—remainsunderstudied. We investigated whether the daily 24-hour compositions, particularly MVPA and SBconsidering the remaining behaviors, are associated with affective states and working memory.We conducted an ambulatory assessment study with 199 university employees. Physical behaviorswere measured continuously via thigh-worn accelerometers throughout the day. Affective states(i.e., valence, energetic arousal, and calmness) and working memory performance (i.e., numericupdating task) were captured up to six times a day via electronic diaries and tasks on a smartphone.We conducted Bayesian multilevel compositional data analysis to analyze within-person, andbetween-person associations of 24-hour physical behavior composition with affective states, andworking memory. Aggregated same-day outcomes were used for main analyses to capture concurrentassociations, and next-day outcomes were used for exploratory analyses to capture prospectiveassociations. Concurrent analyses showed that higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity relativeto the remaining physical behaviors was associated with 2.49 [95%CI 1.00, 4.06] higher valence and3.65 [95%CI 2.11, 5.28] higher energetic arousal (but not calmness) ratings at the within-person, butnot at the between-person level. Sedentary behavior relative to the remaining physical behaviorswas not associated with any affective states. Spending more time in moderate-to-vigorous physicalactivity, followed by light physical activity, and standing, each at the expense of the other behaviorswas associated with higher affective state ratings on the same day (between-person: ≥1.29 [0.19, 2.51]higher valence, 1.23 [0.04, 2.40] higher calmness; within-person: ≥0.62 [0.04, 1.22] higher valence,≥ 1.10 [0.63, 1.58] higher energetic arousal, ≥ 0.95 [0.18, 1.74] higher calmness). The 24-hour physicalbehavior composition was not associated with working memory. Findings underline the importanceof the 24-hour composition of physical behavior for mental health, by demonstrating significantconcurrent associations with affective states. Even small reallocations of behaviors may positivelyinfluence affective states, providing valuable insights for the development of future interventions
Uniqueness and mixing properties of Doeblin measures
No full textIn this paper we solve two open problems in ergodic theory. We prove first that if a Doeblin function g (a g-function) satisfies lim sup n→∞ varn log g / n−1/2 < 2, then we have a unique Doeblin measure (g-measure). This result indicates a possible phase transition in analogy with the long-range Ising model. Secondly, we provide an example of a Doeblin function with a unique Doeblin measure that is not weakly mixing, which implies that the sequence of iterates of the transfer operator does not converge, solving a well-known folklore problem in ergodic theory. Previously it was only known that uniqueness does not imply the Bernoulli property