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The Religion of a Magician : A Comparative Study of Austin Osman Spare and Aleister Crowley
No full textThis magister thesis explores the religion of Austin Osman Spare in comparison with Aleister Crowley's Thelema. It limits itself to Spare's religion as presented in The Book of Pleasure: The Psychology of Ecstasy, published in 1913. Specifically, this study analyses how Spare distances himself from Crowley and how Spare reinterprets influences from Crowley in The Book of Pleasure. In doing so, this thesis collates and examines previous research on Spare and his life, as well as Crowley. This thesis concludes that Spare made a conscious effort to reject ceremonial magic, which he associated with Crowley, and that he sought to distance himself from Crowley in The Book of Pleasure. However, as previous research has indicated, Crowley had a marked influence on Spare. This study argues that Crowley's psychologised approach to Knowledge and Conversation of the Holy Guardian Angel may have influenced Spare's development of the Kia and Self-love. Finally, this study also makes note of the influence of Taoism/Daoism on Spare's Kia.
Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence : A Field Experiment
No full textHumans and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms increasingly interact on unstructured managerial tasks. We propose that tailoring this human-AI interaction to align with individuals’ cognitive preferences is essential for enhancing performance. This hypothesis is examined through a field experiment in a multinational pharmaceutical firm. In the experiment, we manipulated four contextual parameters of human-AI interaction—work procedures, decision-making authority, training, and incentives—to align with sales experts’ cognitive styles, categorized as either adaptors or innovators. Our results show that tailored interaction significantly improves sales performance, whereas untailored interaction results in negative treatment effects compared with both the tailored and control conditions. Qualitative evidence suggests that this negative outcome arises from role conflicts and ambiguities in untailored interaction. Exploring the mechanisms underlying these outcomes further, a mediation analysis of AI login data reveals that human-AI interaction tailoring leads sales experts to adjust their AI utilization, which contributes to the observed performance outcomes. These findings support a human-centered approach to AI that prioritizes individuals’ information-processing needs and tailors their interaction with AI accordingly
Hot + Cold = η : An optimization model for hot vs cold storage of research data
No full textInstitutional repositories are one of the ways that science is made available and open, not only for scholarly articles but also for research data. At the same time the amount of data produced as well as the scale of it seems to be on an ever increasing path, which in turn puts a pressure on the repositories to be able to keep up in regards of expenses of storage. Hot and cold storage is a known way to divy up data that should and can be readily available (hot) and data thatdoesn’t need to be as available (cold). In these cases hot storage is more expensive than cold storage and as such there are cost benefits for a storage system that effectively stores data in the appropriate storage. A third storage medium is also introduced as lukewarm storage as something inbetween, but its inclusion is handled in a separate premise. In this essay a mathematical model is constructed so as to propose effective, or in best case, optimal distributions of data between these storage mediums. It does so by attributing a so called relevance-value to each dataset, per a defined equation. The results show that effective distrubutions are possible to find, even optimal, but with the introduction of lukewarm storage the problem becomes drastically more complicated which might make optimality infeasible. Institutions using the model should be aware of the possible drawbacks and inaccuracies of the model and be sure to make sure that the model is adapted to work with their own circumstances. At the same time it is believed that the efficiency of the model could be of great use both in demonstrating the possible savings of implementing a hot and coldstorage system, as well as proposing a distribution of datasets. The model can be benefitted greatly by implementing the algorithms used more efficiently, and perhaps other algorithms. A deeper insight into researchers data usage behaviour might also benefit this model, making its relevance value a truer represenation of relevance. As such further research into data behaviour might be needed
Implementation gaps in food safety interventions : evidence from a multi-vocal review focusing on animal-source foods in ethiopia
No full textBackground Food safety in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, is shifting from identifying risks to implementing solutions, especially in the production, handling, and processing of animal-source foods. These foods are an essential and highly nutritious part of human diets in Ethiopia but pose significant health risks due to a high prevalence of foodborne illnesses which originate from consumption of infected animal products or from contamination along the value chain. Objective This study aimed to analyze the current food safety intervention landscape in Ethiopia, to identify critical gaps and challenges related to the implementation of interventions aimed at improving the safety of animal-source foods. Methods A multi-vocal literature review was conducted, combining published sources, grey literature, and key stakeholder interviews. Framework analysis was conducted using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Data consisted of 26 documents (four peer-reviewed literature from the systematic literature review and 22-grey literature) and 14 key informant interviews.Result We identified six specific implementation gaps based on the domains of the framework, focusing on different aspects of animal-source food safety including workforce, product value chains, technology, finance and policy. These gaps include a limited focus on milk and meat value chains, inadequate infrastructure capacity, insufficient data and documentation, a lack of regulatory enforcement, and a limited understanding of the relationship between food safety and food security. These challenges limit the overall reach, application, and scalability of animal-source food safety measures in Ethiopia. Conclusion This study constitutes the first exploration of implementation gaps across the animal-source food safety intervention landscape in Ethiopia. We identified several positive aspects that could contribute to the success of interventions, including renewed government commitment, financial support from development partners, and the presence of regional legal frameworks. However, the interventions were often fragmented and lacked crucial cooperation between key implementation and regulatory stakeholders. Addressing these challenges will require a clearer articulation of national food safety goals, strengthened cross-sectoral collaboration, and strategic investment in critical infrastructure. Ultimately, building a coherent, well-coordinated, and resilient food safety system is essential not only for safeguarding public health but also for enhancing food security and supporting sustainable development in Ethiopia
Metamorphosis reverses the behavioral phenotype in rana arvalis along a latitudinal gradient
No full textUnderstanding how demographic processes and environmental conditions shape behavioral variation across populations is pivotal in evolutionary ecology. However, the role that such processes play in the link between behavior and life-history traits across populations remains largely unclear. The moor frog (Rana arvalis) has colonized Sweden via two distinct routes: from the south via Denmark and from the north via Finland. We collected R. arvalis eggs from multiple populations along a 1,700 km latitudinal gradient across Northern Europe and raised tadpoles in a common garden experiment. We assessed developmental growth and proactivity levels in ca. 300 individuals at two key stages of anuran larval development: tadpoles (Gosner stage 32) and froglets (Gosner stage 46). We found strong behavioral differences along the latitudinal gradient and between developmental stages. Tadpoles from northernmost populations were bolder (shorter time to leave a shelter) and showed higher activity levels in an open field test compared to those from southern populations. However, these behavioral patterns reversed at the froglet stage, individuals from northern populations showing reduced proactivity compared to those from southern populations. Further analyses indicated significant associations between developmental growth and boldness, with contrasting patterns across developmental stages and colonization routes. These findings support recent revisitations of the pace-of-life syndrome theory, emphasizing a decoupling of correlations between behavior and life-history traits across ontogeny, likely reflecting adaptive responses to divergent ecological and demographic constraints along the latitudinal gradient rather than a single fast-slow continuum
Corrosion resistance of coated aluminum bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
No full textAluminum is a very attractive material for bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells due to its low weight, excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as good recyclability. However, to achieve the necessary low contact resistance and corrosion stability, a suitable surface coating is needed. In the present study, two different material systems were evaluated, electroless deposited NiP based coatings and high-power impulse magnetron sputter-deposited (HiPIMS) Ti based coatings. The addition of a 100 nm amorphous carbon (a-C) top-layer on the NiP and Ti based coatings was also evaluated. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the coatings was evaluated in simulated PEM environments. Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization experiments revealed that the HiPIMS Ti coatings performed better than NiP coatings. The addition of the a-C top-layer on the other hand was found to be detrimental to the Ti based coatings resulting in a corrosion current density of 3.6 μA/cm2. The opposite was observed in the case of the NiP based coatings where the addition of the a-C layer decreases the corrosion current thereby increasing corrosion resistance. Further analysis showed that defects in the coating as well as the presence of a Fe-Si rich particles in the Al substrate were the initiation points for the corrosion attacks to occur
Spin to Win : How Swedish Firms Slim Down to Speed up
No full textCorporate spin-offs are promoted as a route to sharper corporate focus, yet how that aim guides the newborn company’s early choices remains unclear. This study examines how a focus motive shapes the early strategic direction and leadership configuration of Swedish spin-offs. Using a multiple-case design, we triangulated six in-depth interviews with highly involved board members and executives and a set of company-produced documents from three Swedish public spin-offs: AddLife, Essity, and Epiroc. The study finds that focus-driven spin-offs balance organizational imprinting and re-imprinting, resembling a child moving from home. Rather than rewriting inherited growth logics, they accelerate and sharpen them, narrowing product-market scope while avoiding unrelated diversification. Consistent with this, leadership configurations balance insider directors and/or CEOs who preserve institutional know-how and capital market credibility with selectively appointed outsider directors or CEOs who contribute industry or IPO expertise that was missing internally. The extent of re-imprinting also appears to vary with the unit’s size, organizational design and pre-spin-off status. By shifting attention from stock price reactions to the organizational mechanisms that translate a focus motive into action, the study extends spin-off theory and offers managers practical guidance on staffing and strategy during separations.
Berättelser som strategi : en kvalitativ studie om hur småföretag använder digital storytelling för att skapa kundengagemang och värde
No full textI en digitaliserad och konkurrensutsatt marknad söker allt fler småföretag nya sätt att nå ut tillsina kunder och skapa meningsfulla relationer. Denna kandidatuppsats undersöker hursmåföretag använder digital storytelling i sin marknadsföring, samt hur denna strategi bidrartill att skapa kundengagemang och kundvärde. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ fallstudie avtvå svenska småföretag inom design och detaljhandel, där semistrukturerade intervjuergenomförts med nyckelpersoner från respektive organisation.Uppsatsens teoretiska ramverk utgår från tre centrala begrepp: digital storytelling,värdeskapande i digital interaktion, samt kundengagemangets tre dimensioner – kognitiv,emotionell och beteendemässig. Resultaten visar att storytelling används på olika sättberoende på företagets målgrupp, värderingar och affärsmodell. Ett företag användeberättelser för att skapa transparens, förtroende och delaktighet, medan det andra fokuseradepå att bygga en emotionellt laddad varumärkesvärld där kunden kunde känna identifikationoch uttrycka sin personlighet.Analysen visar att storytelling bidrar till både funktionellt och emotionellt värdeskapande, ochatt det kan aktivera alla tre dimensioner av kundengagemang. Studien pekar även på attstorytelling är ett kraftfullt och tillgängligt verktyg för småföretag som vill bygga starkakundrelationer trots begränsade resurser. Uppsatsen avslutas med en diskussion om metodval,praktiska implikationer och förslag på framtida forskning
Deciphering the RNA recognition by Musashi-1 to design protein and RNA variants for in vitro and in vivo applications
No full textThe Human Musashi-1 (MSI-1) is an RNA-binding protein that recognizes (G/A)U1-3AGU and UAG sequences in diverse RNAs through two RNA Recognition Motif (RRM) domains and regulates the fate of target RNA. Here, we have combined structural biology and computational approaches to analyse the binding of the RRM domains of human MSI-1 with single-stranded and structured RNA ligands. We have used our recently developed computational tool RRMScorer to design a set of substitutions in the MSI-1 protein and the investigated RNA strands to modulate the binding affinity and selectivity. The in silico predictions of the designed protein-RNA interactions are assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance and surface plasmon resonance. These experiments have also been used to study the competition of the two RRM domains of MSI-1 for the same binding site within linear and harpin RNA. Our experimental results shed light on MSI-RNA interactions, thus opening the way for the development of new biomolecules for in vitro and in vivo studies and downstream applications
Observation of D+ â\u86\u92 ηâ\u80²ÎŒ+ΜΌ and First Experimental Study of D+ â\u86\u92 ηâ\u80²l+Îœl Decay Dynamics
No full textUsing 20.3 fb(-1) of e(+)e(-) collision data collected at the center-of-mass energy 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we report the first observation of the semileptonic decay D+ -> eta 'mu(+)nu(mu) with significance of 8.6 sigma including systematic uncertainties, and an improved measurement of D+ -> eta ' e(+)nu(e). The branching fractions of D+ -> eta 'mu(+)nu(mu) and D+ -> eta ' e(+)nu(e) are determined to be (1.92 +/- 0.28(stat) +/- 0.08(syst)) x 10(-4) and (1.79 +/- 0.19(stat) +/- 0.07(syst)) x 10(-4), respectively. The ratio of the two branching fractions is determined to be R-mu/e = 1.07 +/- 0.19(stat) +/- 0.03(syst), which agrees with the theoretical expectation of lepton flavor universality within the standard model. From an analysis of the D+ -> eta ' l(+)nu(l) decay dynamics, the product of the hadronic form factor f(+)(eta)'(0) and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element vertical bar V-cd vertical bar is measured for the first time, giving f(+)(eta)'(0)vertical bar V-cd vertical bar = (5.92 +/- 0.56(stat) +/- 0.13(syst)) x 10(-2). The eta - eta ' mixing angle in the quark flavor basis is determined to be phi(P) = (39.8 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 0.3(syst))degrees.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.111801</p