Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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A data analysis on raw data collected on a provingground to find the utilization rate and waste that occuron the tracks
No full textIn recent years the need for testing new systems within the automotive industry have increasedrapidly due to more complex systems being developed by the businesses in the industry. Thishas led to an increased interest in testing unreleased systems and software in real-lifescenarios at proving grounds. As the next generations of systems become more complex andautonomous, the amount of testing that is required increases linearly. However, testing newsystems in the traditional way on a proving ground is expensive and time consuming, which hascaused the industry to look for alternative testing such as simulating the software. At AstaZero,this has not been the case as the demand for booking a slot on their proving ground hasincreased, which makes it difficult to find available slots on their test tracks.The study aims to find the utilization rate and what type of waste that is found on a provingground by creating a tool that will look at the raw data that are created by the use of VTUs ineach vehicle that entering the test-bed. The research questions were answered by using bothquantitative and qualitative research methods. The primary data in this study was collected bygathering data from VTUs of a six-week period and by a questionnaire that was handed out tothe employees of the case company.The results and conclusions of this study show that the most common waste that occurs on aproving ground are the processes that can be categorized into the category of waiting. Byanalyzing the raw data during the time period, this study found that there are some notablepatterns on how the test bed is being used and what could be done in theory to get a higherutilization rate and make it possible for an increased activity. The results of this research maynot be the same for other proving grounds, but the approach and techniques that were used canbe used to find out what kind of waste and utilization rate there may be in other provinggrounds
Gamification in primary education : A Study of Students’ and Teachers’ Experiences
No full textThis study explores how elementary school students experience gamification, the integration of game design elements into educational settings and how it affects their motivation. Based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the research investigates students’ perceptions of autonomy, competence and relatedness in connection with gamified learning activities. The study was conducted as a case study with a phenomenological approach and combines semi-structured interviews with teachers and a survey directed at students. The findings indicate that students generally perceive gamification as motivating, especially when they have the opportunity to influence how they work and express themselves. Gamified elements also enhance the sense of competence through clear feedback and progression and foster relatedness through collaboration and inclusive practices. However, the effectiveness of gamification is shown to depend on how well it is pedagogically designed and implemented. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how gamification can be used in elementary education to support intrinsic motivation, emphasizing the importance of thoughtful and needs-base application
Tribochemical Wear of Tool Steels against Unfilled Polymers
No full textThe prevalence of polymeric materials in products and engineering applications is steadily increasing, and polymer working is thus becoming more and more important for global manufacturing. The materials in contact with the polymer during manufacturing are most often made from tool steel that should not be altered by sliding contact against the much softer polymer. However, practical industry experience show that the tools are worn and must regularly be replaced, even in cases where the polymer is devoid of abrasive additives. The wear mechanism that degrades the tool steel is believed to be tribochemical as wear occurs in cases with no mechanical wear. The purpose of this work is to study the wear of tool steels in sliding contact with unfilled polymer. A test rig where a tool steel cylinder was fed axially along a rotating polymeric cylinder in a crossed cylinder configuration under an applied load was used to mimic tool usage. Unimax branded tool steel was tested in as-delivered and polished states against PVC, PTFE and POM. Orvar Supreme and Vancron 50 tool steels were additionally tested against PVC. The resulting wear marks on the tool steel were analysed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical profilometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The steel surface was found to be significantly chemically worn by the sliding contact by PVC and somewhat chemically worn by PTFE, whereas POM had no apparent effect on the surface. It is suspected that PVC wears the steel through active iron oxidation in the contact through chlorine gas evolution from the polymer degradation. The asperities of the steel surface were sheared in the sliding direction by contact with PVC. The wear rate of tool steel is estimated to be 1 nm/m against PVC
Från nit till vikingagrav : En virtuell rekonstruktion av båtgrav 12 i Valsgärde med hjälp av digital tredimensionell visualisering
No full textThe aim of this paper is to use digital three-dimensional recreation as a tool and interpretative model to study the composition and deterioration of boat grave Valsgärde 12. This is an early study in the potential of 3D-visualisation of boat graves and is thus both an investigation of the boat grave burial custom and a methodology assessment. Extracting and visualising the positional data in three dimensions of the rivets and nails from grave 12 enables a rudimentary reconstruction of the grave’s composition and of the boat. The 3D-reconstruction reveals the presence of two distinct layers of material: one boat layer and one elevated layer – a “roof” – spanning approximately half the length of the boat. This method is not ideal for the study of boat graves with poor documentation and cremation graves, but the results of this paper illustrate the method’s sound validity and efficiency when the right conditions are met.Syftet med denna uppsats är att använda tredimensionell rekonstruktion som ett verktyg och en tolkningsmodell för att undersöka sammansättningen och nedbrytningen av båtgrav Valsgärde 12. Detta är en tidig studie om potentialen i 3D-visualisering av båtgravar och är därför både en undersökning av båtgravskicket och en metodutvärdering. Genom att extrahera och visualisera nitarnas och spikarnas positionsdata i tre dimensioner från grav 12 kan en enkel rekonstruktion av gravens sammansättning och av båten skapas. 3D-rekonstruktionen belyser förekomsten av två materiallager: ett båtlager och ett övre lager – ett “tak” – som uppskattningsvis täcker halva båtens längd. Trots att metoden inte lämpar sig för att studera magert dokumenterade båtgravar eller kremationsgravar illustrerar denna studie metodens goda validitet och effektivitet när förutsättningarna är goda
Kropp, känsla och kultur : En objektbaserad och sensorisk studie av fyra stycken kvinnodräkter
No full textThis essay aims to contribute to the understanding of textiles as mediators of a greater historical, social and cultural context. Through an object based method, four female costumes from between the years of 1875 to 1910 have been examined. Through the theoretical guidance of material culture studies and specifically its sensory aspects, a discussion about the costumes' material properties resulted in an understanding of how costumes can be understood as an extension of the body. The conclusion is that clothing and costume are not just physical garments, but they function primarily as cultural and identity creating symbols. The closely examined costumes should therefore not be considered as dead objects, on the contrary, they have had an active impact on the way people live.
Hydroklimatiska förändringar under de senaste 30 000 åren i södra Italien : insikter från isotopregistreringar av biomarkörer från sediment i Lake Monticchio
No full textThe Earth is undergoing rapid and irreversible climate change, with profound implications for global ecosystems. Understanding past climatic shifts is essential for refining today’s climate models and predicting future environmental responses. This study reconstructs hydroclimatic variability in southern Italy using biomarker proxies from Lake Monticchio, covering the Last Glacial Maximum, deglaciation, and Holocene. By analyzing the concentration and stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of n-alkanes in sediment samples, the findings reveal a significant transition from cold steppe to temperate deciduous forest between 16 and 12 thousand years before present (ka BP), coinciding with increased moisture availability. Short-chain n-alkane concentrations indicate a decrease of aquatic vegetation between 16 and 11 ka BP, likely driven by temperature fluctuations or oxygen saturation changes in the lake. The hydrogen isotope data show a general decreasing trend over the last 30 ka, reflecting shifts in precipitation sources may be linked to variations in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Comparisons with regional records suggest that large-scale climatic shifts propagated through atmospheric circulation changes, affecting local hydrology. This research enhances our understanding of the Mediterranean’s sensitivity to climatic variability and provides a framework for interpreting future hydroclimatic shifts in the region
En analys av könsrepresentation i SO-läroböcker riktade till mellanstadiet : En kvantitativ och kvalitativ analys av bildmaterial i läroböcker
No full textStudien undersöker hur kön representeras i bildmaterialet i fyra läroböcker i samhällskunskap för årskurs 4–5. Syftet är att analysera hur män/pojkar och kvinnor/flickor framställs visuellt. Studien bygger på två kompletterande metoder med kvantitativ och kvalitativ bildanalys där den kvantitativa analysen används för att mäta förekomsten av de olika könen medan den kvalitativa analysen syftar till att synliggöra och tydliggöra genusföreställningar som kommer till uttryck i bildmaterialet. Det teoretiska ramverket utgår från Yvonne Hirdmans (1988) teori om genussystemet och genuskontraktet samt semiotiska bildanalys enligt Göran Sonesson. Resultaten visar att kvinnor generellt är något underrepresenterade jämfört med män och att deras framställning ofta präglas av traditionella könsroller.
Data-Driven Chess Typology: A Computational Approach : Machine Learning Classification of Player Types Based on Game Data
No full textChess, a game of strategy played for centuries, serves as a rich domain for studying expertise and cognitive styles. While traditional qualitative descriptions categorize player approaches, these often lack systematic empirical validation. This research introduces computational framework to quantitatively classify chess player styles, moving beyond traditional qualitative descriptions. By transforming game data into measurable features, this study applies machine learning techniques to identify and analyze distinct approaches to chess. By transforming game data into measurable features and employing methods including Random Forest for feature selection, Principal Component Analysis for visualization, and various machine learning techniques for classification, this study identifies and analyzes distinct approaches to chess. We focus on four well-established player types: Activists, who prioritize dynamic attacking opportunities and initiative, often sacrificing material for active piece play; Theorists, who approach the game systematically, blending concrete calculation with a deep understanding of established principles and structures; Reflectors, who exhibit a subtle understanding of piece harmony and positional nuances, excelling in prophylactic play and restricting opponents; and Pragmatists, who rely on concrete calculation and objective evaluation, demonstrating exceptional defensive resilience and tactical precision. This data-driven classification offers new insights into player tendencies, validates existing typologies with empirical evidence, and explores the evolution of chess styles, particularly in the computer age. The findings provide a foundation for future computational analysis in chess, with potential applications in player development, coaching, and strategic preparation
The Digital Markets Act – a remedy to abuse of dominance on digital markets? : An analysis of the Digital Markets Act’s ability to revolutionise competition law in the digital age
No full textThe impact of a risk assessment tool on hospital pressure injury prevalence and prevention : a quantitative pre-post evaluation
No full textBackground Pressure injuries are preventable adverse events, and their prevalence is established as a quality indicator in healthcare. They are a notable healthcare problem worldwide, as they have a significant impact on the quality of life of affected individuals and are associated with high costs for healthcare systems. The use of an evidence-based risk assessment instrument is, therefore, crucial to enable efficient, effective, and reliable assessments. Objective The evidence-based pressure injury risk assessment instrument PURPOSE T was widely introduced at a university hospital in 2021, replacing another commonly used assessment tool, the Modified Norton Scale. In this study, we quantified the prevalence of pressure injuries before and after the introduction of PURPOSE T to measure the tool’s impact. Settings At a university hospital in Sweden with about 900 beds. Methods We adopted a cross-sectional research design and analysed records from point prevalence measurements carried out between September 2018 and 2023. The number of patients included in each point prevalence measurement varied between 474 and 633. Prevalence of all pressure injuries and prescribed prevention interventions over a 5-year period was calculated, compared, and analysed. Results We observed notable increases in the use of preventive interventions, particularly pressure-reducing chair cushions (+28.6 %) and position adjustments in chairs (+24.2 %). Additionally, we found an average increase of +23.0 % in the prevalence of category I pressure injuries after the introduction of PURPOSE T while observing a decrease in most severe pressure injury categories:35.5 % in category III and -35.3 % in category IV. Conclusions We found that the introduction of PURPOSE T contributed to the increased use of preventive interventions. This, in turn, was associated with a decrease or modification in the prevalence of pressure injuries, suggesting a positive impact on pressure injury within this facility