Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
Not a member yet
127603 research outputs found
Sort by
Cognitive reserve and disparities in healthcare usage after traumatic brain injury and stroke : an observational cohort study
No full textBackground: Individuals with more education commonly have better outcome after brain injury, often attributed to cognitive reserve. However, evidence suggests that individuals with more education have better access to specialized care, potentially affecting outcomes. Objective: To investigate differences in healthcare usage based on cognitive reserve and examine the relationship between healthcare usage and outcomes after stroke and traumatic brain injury. Design: An observational cohort study with healthcare usage data from 3 years before to 4 years after injury, interviewing patients 5–15 years after injury. Patients: A total of 83 participants suffering a stroke or traumatic brain injury. Results: Healthcare usage over time varied based on educational level (repeated measures ANOVA, F(2, 227) = 4.17, p = 0.008). The differences in healthcare usage between educational levels was significant during the injury year (F(81) = –5.47, p = 0.022). Higher education implied more healthcare usage. Linear regression, controlling for possible confounders, confirmed the relationship between education and healthcare usage, (β = 4.3, p = 0.022). Healthcare usage was significantly related to long-term life satisfaction, but not to return to work. Conclusion: Individuals with more education received more healthcare in the year after traumatic brain injury or stroke. However, this was not related to long-term outcome regarding return to work, but we found a relationship between healthcare usage and life satisfaction
Miljö, säkerhet och ekonomiska intressen : En empirisk analys av hur klimatförändringar på Svalbard representeras i norsk diskurs
No full textThe Arctic area has undergone significant changes in recent decades, where climate change has led to reduced amounts of sea ice and increased access to the region ́s natural resources. In this dynamic Arctic landscape, Svalbard holds a unique position, experiencing more than twice the rate of global warming compared to the Arctic average, and five to seven times higher than the global average. The aim of this thesis is to analyse how the Norwegian state represents climate change in its discourse surrounding Svalbard, with particular focus on which national interests – environmental, economic and security - are expressed in these representations. Svalbard is a strategically and climatically vulnerable area where conflicting interest intersect, making it a particularly relevant empirical case. The study is based on a qualitative discourse analysis of three government white papers: Meld. St 22 (2008-2009), Meld. St. 32 (2015-2016), and Meld. St. 26 (2023-2024). The analysis applies Carol Bacchi ́s “What’s the problem represented to be?” approach, focusing on three key questions: how climate change is represented as a problem, which underlying assumptions enable these representations, and what effects they produce. The findings show that climate change is increasingly represented as a serious and urgent environmental concern, constructing Svalbard as a particularly vulnerable area. This development is simultaneously used to legitimize expanded state presence, transition policies, and control. This thesis thereby contributes to research on Norway’s role as a climate nation by highlighting how a state actor creates meaning and legitimacy in a context shaped by multiple, potentially conflicting, areas.
Enrolled nurses’ experiences of working with Intensive Home Rehabilitation supported by a Physiotherapist
No full textBakgrund: Behovet av rehabilitering i form av reablementinterventioner i hemmet för äldre personer ökar. Reablement är ett personcentrerat och holistiskt angreppssätt som syftar till att stärka individers förmågor och främja deras självständighet. Undersköterskor är en del av genomförandet av reablement i form av Intensiv Hemrehabilitering (IHR). Hur undersköterskor upplever att arbeta med reablement med stöd av fysioterapeut är inte tillräckligt studerat. Syfte: Att undersöka undersköterskors upplevelser och erfarenheter, av att arbeta enligt arbetssättet IHR med stöd från fysioterapeut. Metod: Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. tio undersköterskor som arbetar med IHR ingick i studien. Analys av data genomfördes i form av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i ett tema och fem kategorier med 21 underkategorier. Temat var Rehabilitering i praktiken – Holistisk och tidsbegränsad. De fem kategorierna var: Undersköterskans centrala roll i patientens rehabilitering, Förmåga att möta patienten där den är, Teamets betydelse i rehabiliteringsarbetet, Undersköterskans kunskapsutveckling i rehabilitering, Närhet till varandra med rätt information på rätt sätt. Konklusion: Undersköterskor är centrala i IHR genom sitt nära, personcentrerade arbete. Framgång bygger på tydliga och meningsfulla mål, gott teamarbete och stöd från kollegor och fysioterapeut. Hinder utgörs av felsatta mål och patienters kognitiva svikt eller psykiska ohälsa. För att förbättra effekten av IHR krävs strukturerad reflektion och kontinuerlig utvärdering av interventionens komponenter. Background: The need for rehabilitation in the form of reablement interventions at home for elderly is increasing. Reablement is a person-centered holistic approach which aims at strengthening individuals’ abilities and promote their autonomy. Enrolled nurses are part of the implementation of reablement in the form of Intensive Home Rehabilitation (IHR). How enrolled nurses experience working in reablement with the support of a physiotherapist has not been sufficiently studied. Aim: To explore enrolled nurses’ experiences of working according to IHR with support from a physiotherapist. Method: The study was conducted using a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews. Ten enrolled nurses working with IHR participated in the study. Data analysis was carried out using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Results: The analysis resulted in one theme and five categories with 21 subcategories. The theme was Rehabilitation in practice – Holistic and time-limited. The five categories were: The enrolled nurses central role in the patients rehabilitation, The ability to meet the patient where they are, The teams importance in rehabilitative work, The enrolled nurses knowledge development in rehabilitation, Closeness to each other with the right information the right way. Conclusions: Enrolled nurses play a central role in IHR through their close, personcentered work. Success relies on clear and meaningful goals, teamwork, support from colleagues and physiotherapists. Challenges include poorly defined goals and patients’ cognitive or mental health issues. To improve the effectiveness of IHR, structured reflection and evaluation of the interventions components are required.
Truth By Consensus : Community-Driven Moderation and the Future of Misinformation Governance on Social Media
No full textThis thesis investigates Instagram’s shift from third-party fact-checking to a community-driven moderation system for political misinformation and its potential consequences for users’ political opinion forming. To examine these effects, the thesis conducted a Platform Analysis based on misinformation posts on X and Instagram. A User Study was used to supplement the findings of the Platform Analysis to add a user-centered perspective. The findings revealed that while community-driven moderation may foster greater user engagement and transparency, they also risk reinforcing polarization, particularly during political events. A classification within the current political context highlights the significance of such policy changes, given the deep intertwining of social media platform ownership with political power and the growing role of social media as a political mouthpiece
Taking Vending Machines Outside the Box : Impact Solution - Vend n' Go
No full textIn recent years vending machines as a retail method has seen a rise in popularity which can partially be attributed to a change in consumer behaviour. To keep up with competition it’s crucial to stay aware of, and accommodate for, these changing consumer preferences, one of which is a desire for convenience and contactless payment. This is one of the reasons why the vending machine rental company Impact Solution is looking to develop a mobile application that can facilitate purchases from their vending machines. The company also hopes this new payment solution will cut costs, since it would allow them to transfer from using expensive card readers, which are currently in use. This work documents the development of Vend n' Go, an application that aims to serve this purpose for the client Impact Solution. Developed using TypeScript together with Node.js and Next.js, for the backend and frontend respectively, the application provides several features which aim to enhance the purchasing experience in vending machines. Primarily, this includes viewing the available products in a vending machine, seeing their prices and eventual discounts, and paying for purchased products. The payment process is executed with the help of the payment provider Worldline S.A. Other provided functionalities include finding the closest vending machines, as well as a map displaying all available machines and the user's position in relation to these.Under de senaste åren har varuautomater som detaljhandelsmetod ökat i popularitet, vilket delvis kan tillskrivas ett förändrat konsumentbeteende. För att hålla jämna steg med konkurrenterna är det viktigt att vara medveten om och anpassa sig till dessa förändrade konsumentpreferenser, varav en är en önskan om bekvämlighet och kontaktlös betalning. Detta är en av anledningarna till att uthyrningsföretaget Impact Solution vill utveckla en mobilapplikation som kan underlätta köp från deras varuautomater. Företaget önskar också att den nya betalningslösningen ska leda till lägre kostnader, eftersom man då inte längre behöver använda dyra kortläsare som används för närvarande. Detta arbete dokumenterar utvecklingen av Vend n' Go, en applikation som syftar till att tjäna detta syfte för kunden Impact Solution. Applikationen utvecklades med hjälp av TypeScript tillsammans med Node.js och Next.js, för backend respektive frontend, och innehåller flera funktioner som syftar till att förbättra köpupplevelsen i varuautomater. I första hand handlar det om att visa tillgängliga produkter i en automat, se deras priser och eventuella rabatter samt att betala för köpta produkter. Betalningsprocessen genomförs med hjälp av betalningsleverantören Worldline S.A. Andra funktioner som tillhandahålls är att hitta de närmaste varuautomaterna samt en karta som visar alla tillgängliga automater och användarens position i förhållande till dessa
Exploring the Potential of Pyridine Carboxylic Acid Isomers to Discover New Enzyme Inhibitors
No full textPyridine carboxylic acid isomers - picolinic acid, nicotinic acid, and isonicotinic acid - have historically resulted in a plethora of drugs against tuberculosis, cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's, angina, dementia, depression, allergy, respiratory acidosis, psoriasis, acne, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, HIV/AIDS (specifically HIV-1), among others. Despite the large number of therapeutic agents derived from these isomers, the research involving these scaffolds is still exceptionally active. The current surge in enzyme inhibitory activities by the compounds derived from them has further created space for the discovery of new drug candidates. This review focuses on the medicinal relevance of these isomers by analyzing structure-activity relationships (SARs) and highlighting emerging trends from patents filed over the last decade. Notably, pharmaceutical giants like Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Curis, and Aurigene have developed enzyme inhibitors based on these scaffolds with nanomolar potency. The role of these isomers in the development of antiviral agents, including protease inhibitors, is also discussed. Overall, this review brings to the readers, a pragmatic opportunity to comprehend the recent literature, highlighting the scaffolds' importance in the design of new enzyme inhibitors. Furthermore, it discusses the structure-activity relationship of pyridine carboxylic acid-derived compounds and highlights the current patenting trends in medicinal chemistry
Shear-wave tailored moveout corrections to improve multicomponent reflection seismic imaging
No full textAdvancements in technologies and acquisition techniques in reflection seismology have increased the quantity of data that can be recorded in a single survey. The spreading of three-component (3C) recorders has resulted in multicomponent data acquisitions to be more cost-effective than single-component (1C) acquisitions, making 3C datasets more common. Therefore, the need for processing workflows aiming to enhance S-wave from P-wave-designed acquisitions is increasing. As part of a larger survey for geological carbon storage site investigations, a 1-km-long seismic profile was acquired near the city of Randers in Denmark and is considered in this study. The acquisition setup consisted of two vertical vibrating sources, operating every 10 m, recorded simultaneously from a 1C nodal array, 10 m spaced and a landstreamer system, equipped with 60 3C micro-electro-mechanical sensors in 2 m intervals. Analysis of the 3C data recorded from the landstreamer system shows PP-, PS- and SS-wavefield reflections from a shallow horizon nearly 50 m below the ground surface. Although the PP-wavefield data processing was straightforward, the SS-wavefield imaging was challenged by strong surface waves recorded in the data, thus requiring a tailored workflow for its processing. The workflow employs a reflection-picked moveout correction specifically designed on the observed reflections with respect to the data acquisition geometry. Results demonstrate that this tailored method is effective, yielding improved continuity of the SS-wavefield reflectivity with respect to the traditional normal moveout corrections. P- and S-wave interval velocity models are estimated in depth, and their ratio is computed to complement the geological interpretations of the shallow subsurface. Similar imaging scenarios can benefit from the proposed method to sharpen SS-wavefield reflections in stacked section
Exposing the ‘siren song of hate and extremism’? : Religious literacy and religiously motivated violence
No full textAs religiously motivated conflict increases globally, a widespread belief holds that knowledge of religion may reduce religious extremism. Yet, the relationship between religious literacy and conflict has remained largely untested. This thesis addresses this gap by translating the broad theoretical discourse on this relationship into a clear conceptual framework and empirically evaluating the impact of religious literacy on religiously motivated violence. It distinguishes between internal (knowledge of one’s own religion) and external religious literacy (knowledge of other religions), each hypothesized to reduce violence through distinct mechanisms. Drawing on religious education policy data and data on religiously motivated violence, the study compiles a panel dataset of 584 religious minority groups across 151 countries from 2000 to 2014 and applies a penalized maximum likelihood fixed-effects logistic regression. The findings show that neither form of religious literacy consistently reduces violence, though external literacy may have a delayed, context-specific effect in developing countries. These findings highlight the complexity of the relationship and point to several implications for future research and policy design in religious education and conflict prevention
The diagnostic accuracy of transthoracic echocardiography for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy compared to cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: a retrospective project
No full textArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) mainly affects the right ventricle (RV) of the heart. The disease is difficult to detect and may lead to sudden cardiac death which makes it crucial to diagnose early. In the screening of ARVC, patients are often referred to both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) although CMR is the preferred imaging modality for diagnosing ARVC. The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the imaging modality TTE when diagnosing ARVC compared to CMR and estimate if there were associations between TTE and CMR diagnostic parameters. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity for RV dilatation examined with TTE was determined. The internal referral system was used to identify referrals which met the inclusion criteria for the project from the period 2020-2024. Subsequently TTE and CMR examinations from 87 included patients were processed retrospectively. The data were then assessed to determine if the examinations met the diagnostic criteria for ARVC. The results indicated TTE had the sensitivity 58 % and the specificity 97 %. No statistically significant difference in diagnosing ARVC between the imaging modalities was shown. Associations between TTE and CMR diagnostic parameters was established. The TTE diagnostic parameter RV basal diameter corrected for body surface area had the highest sensitivity, 83 % for detecting ARVC, thus it can be used to detect RV dilatation. In conclusion, TTE should continue be the first-line screening imaging modality. For quality improvement the associated TTE diagnostic parameters should be given extra attention during the examinations
Sva-ämnet i gymnasiet : - En intervjustudie om gymnasielärarnas uppfattningar om sva-ämnet
No full textSyftet med denna uppsats är att utreda fem gymnasielärares uppfattningar om ämnet svenska som andraspråk. Uppsatsen fokuserar dels på de uppfattningar sva-lärarna har om flerspråkighet och dels på vilket sätt sva-perspektiv uppmärksammas i lärarnas olika ämnen. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar användes en kvalitativ intervjumetod. I intervjuerna fick deltagarna besvara frågor om sina uppfattningar om sva-ämnet. Resultatet visar att lärarna ser sva-ämnet som ett behövligt ämne, eftersom det ger eleverna en möjlighet att stärka svenska språket och ta del av sociala sammanhang genom språket. Studien visar att deltagarna har en positiv uppfattning om termen flerspråkighet, förutom en deltagare som har ett delvis positiv uppfattning om användning av flerspråkigheten i klassrummet. Ett annat resultat visar att användning av sva-perspektivet förekommer i lärarnas samtliga ämnen och att det tillämpas på olika sätt i deras undervisning. Slutligen varierar deltagarnas användning av sva-perspektiv i deras respektive ämnen