Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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Mouse chymase mast cell protease-4 facilitates blood feeding of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes
No full textAedes aegypti (Linnaeus) are rapidly spreading across the globe. Evidence suggests that a Type I hypersensitivity reaction, characterized by IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation, may enhance the blood-feeding behavior of Ae. aegypti. Chymases, the mast cell-specific proteases, may play a critical role in this process. To investigate the role of mouse chymase mast cell protease-4 (mMCP-4) on mosquito blood feeding, we incubated bone marrow-derived mast cells with serum from mice sensitized by female Ae. aegypti bites and subsequently challenged the cells with salivary gland proteins (SGPs) from female mosquito. And the degradation of SGPs by mMCP-4 was assessed. Then, the MCP-4 deficient mice were sensitized twice by Ae. aegypti, the first bite on day 0 and the second on day 3. Throughout these experiments, we recorded the total blood meal duration, probing time, and blood feeding of the mosquitoes and analyzed the cutaneous microbiota. We discovered that serum from sensitized mice enhanced mast cell degranulation and chymase release. And mMCP-4 degraded some SGPs, in particular, potentially cleaving the blood-feeding-related salivary protein D7. Mcpt-4 deficiency resulted in prolonged blood-feeding duration during the second exposure, without affecting initial probing behavior. Moreover, Mcpt-4-deficient mice exhibited a reduced proportion of mosquitoes achieving rapid engorgement. Skin microbiome profiling revealed that Mcpt-4 deficiency attenuated the bite-induced expansion of potentially harmful bacterial taxa, including the dominant genus Corynebacterium (Mycobacteriales: Corynebacteriaceae). These findings identify mMCP-4 as a critical mediator of mosquito blood-feeding behavior and a modulator of skin microbial ecology in response to Ae. aegypti bites
Beyond materials : how work and skills shape the future of reuse in Sweden's industrial ecosystems
No full textCircular economy has been framed internationally both as an environmental necessity and as a path to foster economic development, and a just transition. Yet, despite growing policy attention, the implications of circular strategies for work and organisation remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining how scaling up reuse reshapes workplace practices and industrial ecosystems-dimensions often overlooked in circular economy research. The analysis draws on ten case studies in Sweden's textile and construction sectors, using semi-structured interviews, site visits, and grey literature. Building on socio-technical system theory, we extend industrial ecosystem theory by foregrounding labour capabilities and organisational transformation as central to circular transitions. Our analysis shows that enabling and disabling conditions for reuse appear across all system levels. At the micro level, high labour intensity, limited training, and emerging OHS risks constrain scaling, while problem-solving skills, continuous learning, and inclusive workplaces improve engagement and job quality. At the meso level, organisational alignment and cross-sector collaboration are critical, with construction supported by platforms, unlike for textiles. At the macro level, supportive policies, economic incentives, digitalisation, and societal acceptance are vital for scaling reuse practices. The study demonstrates that reuse cannot be scaled in isolation: it requires coordinated transformations across technological, organisational, and social domains. Historically rooted in social enterprises and public actors, reuse also remains closely tied to social goals such as inclusion and employment. Supporting these social functions while fostering private-sector innovation is essential for achieving a socially sustainable transition
Zugehörigkeiten? Zur literarischen Darstellung von Familie, Nation und anderen (vorgestellten) Gemeinschaften Vorwort : Vorwort
No full textTi3C2Tx MXenes : From Recovery of Pb from Perovskite Solar Cells to Supercapacitor Usage
No full textSustainable disposal and valorization of recovered lead from end-of-life perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remain critical challenges from environmental and electrochemical perspectives. Here, we demonstrate a dual-function process wherein Ti3C2Tx MXenes adsorbents are first employed to recover lead from green acetone-based PSC recycling waste and subsequently repurposed as high-performant supercapacitor electrode active materials. Remarkably, Ti3C2Tx achieves >99.9% Pb2+ ion removal from 100 ppm Pb/acetone solutions, with an adsorption capacity reaching up to 555 mg·g-1. After adsorption, the Pb-loaded MXene (Ti3C2Tx/Pbads) retains its structural integrity and exhibits significantly enhanced electrochemical performance. Electrochemical cycling in a sodium acetate aqueous electrolyte reveals a doubled specific capacity of the MXenes, from ca. 30 C·g-1 to ca. 60C·g-1, by introducing reversible Pb2+/Pb0 redox activity while maintaining the initial MXene pseudocapacitive behavior. Overall, this conceptual study demonstrates a closed circular materials loop by recovering a green solvent from the PSC recycling, while transforming a hazardous waste stream into a value-added energy storage material
Barn och unga vuxnas upplevelse av att leva med cancer : En litteraturöversikt
No full textIntroduktion: Att leva med cancer som barn och ung vuxen kan vara en stor utmaning för individen själv såväl som för familj och närstående. Sjukdomen kan påverka barnet och den unga vuxnas liv och utveckling då det är en period där social, beteendemässig och kognitiv mognad sker. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka barn och unga vuxnas upplevelse av att leva med cancer. Metod: En litteraturstudie genomfördes med åtta vetenskapliga kvalitativa artiklar som sökts fram från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Resultat: Resultatet visade att många barn och unga vuxna med cancer upplevde känslomässig, social och skolrelaterad isolering. De fysiska påföljderna av behandlingarna resulterade i utseendeförändringar samt aktivitetsförändringar. Detta hade en påverkan på deras mentala hälsa och självbild. Att uppleva ett steg tillbaka i utvecklingen förekom hos en del, vilket bidrog till en känsla av minskad självständighet. Bristande emotionellt stöd var en aspekt som de flesta barn och unga vuxna upplevde. Trots detta fann de olika strategier och lärdomar som var betydande i hanteringen av sjukdomen. Slutsats: Barn och unga vuxna som lever med cancer handskas med tunga känslor av isolering som kan uttryckas på olika sätt. Ett avstannande i livet, vardagen och sociala relationer förekommer. Barn och unga vuxna som lever med en cancerdiagnos är i stort behov av psykosocialt stöd både från vården, familj och närstående. Vården bör etablera ett förbättrat emotionellt stöd för dessa individer, detsamma rådande tillämpning av personcentrerad och familjecentrerad omvårdnad.Introduction: Living with cancer as a child or young adult can be a major challenge for the individual as well as for family and relatives. The disease can affect the child and the young adults life and development as it is a period where social, behavioral, and cognitive maturation occurs. Aim: The aim with this literature review was to describe children and young adults experience of living with cancer. Method: A literature review has been conducted with eight scientific qualitative studies from the databases PubMed and CINAHL. Results: The result showed that many children and young adults with cancer experience emotional, social and school-related isolation. The physical consequences of the treatments resulted in changes in appearance and activity. This had an impact on their mental health and self-image. Experiencing a step back in development occurred in some, which contributed to a feeling of reduced independence. Lack of emotional support was an aspect that most children and young adults experienced. Despite this, they found different strategies and lessons that were significant in managing the disease. Conclusion: Children and young adults living with cancer deal with heavy feelings of isolation that can be expressed in different ways. A stagnation in life, everyday life, and social relationships occurs. Children and young adults living with a cancer diagnoses are in great need of psychosocial support from both healthcare, family and relatives. Healthcare should establish improved emotional support for these individuals, the same applies to applying person-centered and family-centered care.
Expert opinion on extrusion-based pharmaceutical 3D printing from the European Society of Hospital Pharmaceutical Technology (GERPAC)
No full textThree-dimensional (3D) printing technologies have been applied to manufacture a variety of medicinal products. This emerging technology holds significant potential in pharmaceutical applications, offering innovative solutions for both patients and pharmacies. In this paper, we describe the application of 3D printing in the hospital pharmacy setting. To describe the current and future role of 3D printing in hospital pharmacies, we start by discussing the relevant legislation of the three key European regulatory bodies: the European Medicines Agency (EMA, EU), the Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Swissmedic, Switzerland), and the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA, UK). Furthermore, we discuss critical elements of the printing process, such as quality assurance aspects of 3D printed tablets, focusing on quality management systems, process validation, and in-process controls. Additionally, we introduce three extrusion-based 3D printing techniques applicable in a clinical setting: fused deposition modelling (FDM), semi-solid extrusion (SSE), and direct powder extrusion (DPE). The different printing materials used for each technique are described, and examples of related GMP-compliant printers are given. We also address quality control measures and propose specifications for the final printed products. The information on the regulatory frameworks, quality assurance, printing techniques, and quality control is combined to develop a practical example of how extrusion-based 3D printing could be implemented in hospital pharmacy practice
Time-resolved Mendelian randomization detects substantial variation in the detrimental effect of obesity throughout life
No full textThe global burden of disease attributable to obesity continues to rise. The disease incidence is substantially higher in elderly populations, but how obesity affects disease risk across a lifetime is largely unknown. To quantify the long-term temporal impact of obesity, access to large-scale longitudinal cohorts spanning many decades would typically be required. However, these longitudinal studies are rare and may be heavily biased by the presence of unaccountable confounding. Here, we develop a method-time-resolved Mendelian randomization-to estimate the cumulative effect of body mass index on disease risk at different ages. Using the UK Biobank, we find strong age-varying patterns for type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation, as well as for osteoarthritis. We demonstrate that some of the most notable temporal characteristics are sex specific, while other features are shared between sexes. Analyses suggest that these features can be manifestations of primary prevention strategies
Long-term effects of Hirschsprung disease in adults : meta-analysis and patient-level regression study
No full textBackground: There has been an increasing number of single-centre studies describing the long-term outcomes of patients with Hirschsprung disease. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on long-term bowel, urological, and sexual functional outcomes, fertility and quality of life in adults with Hirschsprung disease. Methods: A PROSPERO-registered systematic review of the English literature was conducted for studies published up to July 2025 that reported functional outcomes beyond childhood (>= 16 years) for patients who had undergone surgery for Hirschsprung disease. Centres were contacted individually for secondary analyses of patient-level data on bowel function score, Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index, and Short Form 36 questionnaire. Data were analysed and compared with those from healthy controls in the studies retrieved and from a reference healthy population. Hirschsprung disease clinical and surgical variables were correlated with these outcomes of interest in a patient-level analysis. Results: Fifty-three manuscripts fulfilled the inclusion criteria of 4277 papers retrieved. Patients with Hirschsprung disease had a greater likelihood of constipation (odds ratio 9.27, 95% confidence interval (c.i.) 4.78 to 18.06) and soiling (odds ratio 2.76, 1.96 to 3.89) compared with healthy controls. They scored lower on the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (mean difference -5.21, 95% c.i. -9.53 to -0.89; P = 0.020). There were no significant differences in Short Form 36 domain scores except for physical functioning (mean difference -6.30, -8.74 to -3.87; P < 0.001). At a patient level, longer-segment disease (P < 0.001) and redo pull-through surgery (P = 0.002) were associated with a poorer bowel function score. Short form 36 scores were lower in women across six of eight domains; similarly, Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index scores were lower in women (P < 0.001) and in patients with longer-segment disease (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Among patients with Hirschsprung disease, women, those with longer-segment disease, and patients who underwent redo surgery may be at risk of poorer quality of life
Dynamic cytoskeletal regulation of cell shape supports resilience of lymphatic endothelium
No full textLymphatic capillaries continuously take up interstitial fluid and adapt to resulting changes in vessel calibre1, 2-3. The mechanisms by which the permeable monolayer of loosely connected lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs)4 maintains mechanical stability remain elusive. Here we identify dynamic cytoskeletal regulation of LEC shape, induced by isotropic stretch, as crucial for the integrity and function of dermal lymphatic capillaries. We found that the oak leaf-shaped LECs showed a spectrum of VE-cadherin-based junctional configurations at the lobular intercellular interface and a unique cytoskeletal organization, with microtubules at concave regions and F-actin at convex lobes. Multispectral and longitudinal intravital imaging of capillary LEC shape and actin revealed dynamic remodelling of cellular overlaps in vivo during homeostasis and in response to interstitial fluid volume increase. Akin to puzzle cells of the plant epidermis5,6, LEC shape was controlled by Rho GTPase CDC42-regulated cytoskeletal dynamics, enhancing monolayer stability. Moreover, cyclic isotropic stretch increased cellular overlaps and junction curvature in primary LECs. Our findings indicate that capillary LEC shape results from continuous remodelling of cellular overlaps that maintain vessel integrity while preserving permeable cell-cell contacts compatible with vessel expansion and fluid uptake. We propose a bellows-like fluid propulsion mechanism, in which fluid-induced lumen expansion and shrinkage of LEC overlaps are countered by actin-based lamellipodia-like overlap extension to aid vessel constriction
Intraspecific Trait Variation in Tree Species Responds to Environmental Heterogeneity at Range-Wide but Not Local Scales
No full textTheoretical and empirical ecology have recently explored the role of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in structuring ecological communities. Such trait variation may be correlated with high environmental variability within a site or across a species' range. Here we explore the relationship between ITV, spatial and temporal environmental heterogeneity, and the breadth of species' environmental distributions for 33 tree species across eight sites occurring along marked environmental gradients in Puerto Rico. Specifically, we asked (1) If within-site ITV is positively correlated with site-level temporal and spatial environmental variation, and (2) How across-site ITV relates to the breadth of species' environmental distributions on the island. Two key plant traits, leaf mass per area (LMA) and wood density, were used to understand the association between ITV and environmental variation. We examined ITV across species and sites using statistical models to assess the relationship between (1) within-site ITV and site-level spatial (topography) and temporal (rainfall) environmental variability; (2) across-site ITV and environmental variation across the species geographic range on the island. We also assessed the relationship between across-site mean trait values and island-wide environmental ranges. (1) Across all species, we did not find any significant associations between within-site ITV and site-level temporal or spatial variability. (2) Greater ITV values of LMA and wood density were associated with larger environmental ranges. We also found that species with high wood density, a trait associated with a conservative growth strategy, had narrower ranges across climatic conditions, but this pattern was not evident for LMA. Our findings emphasize the complexity of the relationships between ITV and species distributions with respect to environmental heterogeneity at different spatial and temporal scales. These complexities are important for research on species distributions and range-shift dynamics