Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
Not a member yet
127603 research outputs found
Sort by
Title: Toolkits, programs, activities, and techniques to facilitate coping and trauma recovery for child and adolescent refugees. A literature review of resources currently being used in the field and potential techniques, complimented by perspectives from the field.
No full textRefugee children and adolescents experience many hardships, transitions, and trauma during their journey as a refugee. They are in need of access to resources to overcome these challenges and trauma. This research will discover what resources are currently used in the field and what techniques could be implemented in the future to help children and adolescents overcome trauma. These resources will be measured by whether they help children and adolescents achieve certain milestones and development stages and are supported by mental health recovery theories. As an effort to overcome stigma with mental health care services that can be present among refugee groups in and from regions such as the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region, the goal will be to find techniques that can be done at a community level, family setting level, and an individual level. There are many toolkits, programs, activities, and techniques included in this research that meet these standards. Additional insights from professionals in the field emphasize the importance of the measurements and types of resources discussed. They also explain that stigma can be addressed by utilizing techniques that can be done at community, family setting, and individual levels as well as making gradual changes to society as a whole. Each of these factors and efforts can contribute to helping children and adolescents access the resources they need to overcome trauma and continue to progress in many different aspects of their lives
How and why do teachers’ participation in professional development and collaboration with colleagues differ across countries?
No full textWe examine country differences in teachers’ participation in professional development (PD) and collaboration and explore which factors explain differences among countries. We show that PD participation and teacher collaboration differ considerably among countries and that the levels of PD participation and teacher collaboration are weakly related to one another at both the country and school levels. Although higher overall accountability pressure explains some PD participation gaps, most differences remain unexplained. Regarding teacher collaboration, no single factor accounts for variations across all countries. However, teacher characteristics, particularly the proportion of full-time employed teachers, account for collaboration gaps among specific countries
Förändring i symbios : Framgångsfaktorer i multinationella bolags samarbeten för biologisk mångfald
No full textBiologisk mångfald blir en allt viktigare del av multinationella företags hållbarhetsarbete, men är relativt outforskat inom företagsekonomisk forskning. Särskilt begränsad är kunskapen om hur företag genom sina affärsnätverk kan främja biodiversitet. Den här uppsatsen undersöker faktorer på aktörs- och nätverksnivå som kännetecknar framgångsrika samarbeten för biologisk mångfald inom affärsnätverk. I en jämförande studie anläggs ett interaktions- och nätverksperspektiv på fem initiativ mellan tre svenska multinationella företag och deras leverantörer, kunder samt andra nätverksaktörer. Studien bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer och sekundärkällor. Elva faktorer identifieras, bland annat gemensamma värderingar, inkludering av externa aktörer och kunskapsdelning. Studien utvecklar existerande teori genom att visa oväntade mönster i aktörsengagemang och kunskapsdelning. Vi föreslår att teorier om nätverksbaserat hållbarhetsarbete vidareutvecklas för att fånga biologisk mångfalds särdrag – särskilt mobilisering och icke-ekonomiska drivkrafter – och att företag som vill mobilisera förändring bör skapa långsiktiga, nära relationer, beakta andra aktörers mål och begränsningar samt värdera även mindre, kommunikativt drivna initiativ. Biodiversity is becoming an increasingly important part of multinational companies’ sustainability efforts, but remains relatively unexplored within business administration research. In particular, knowledge is limited regarding how companies can promote biodiversity through their business networks. This thesis investigates factors at both actor and network levels that characterise successful biodiversity collaborations within business networks. Using a comparative study, an interaction and network perspective is applied to five initiatives involving three Swedish multinational companies and their suppliers, customers, and other network actors. The study is based on semi-structured interviews and secondary sources. Eleven factors are identified, including shared values, inclusion of external actors, and knowledge sharing. The study develops existing theory by revealing unexpected patterns in actor engagement and knowledge sharing. We propose that theories on network-based sustainability work should be further developed to capture the specific characteristics of biodiversity – particularly mobilisation and non-economic drivers – and that companies aiming to mobilise change should build long-term, close relationships, consider other actors’ goals and constraints, and value even small, communication-driven initiatives
Spelare motivation i Elden Ring : En fallstudie som jämför ToP/PNI och SDT
No full textThis study examines Murray's Theory of Personality (ToP), an older motivational framework, and its capacity to explain player motivation in Elden Ring (2022) compared to the widely used Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Alongside ToP, Bostan and Sezen's Player Needs Inventory (PNI), a game-design-focused derivative of ToP. Key constructs such as SDT's psychological needs—Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness—and ToP's concepts of Needs, Alpha/Beta Presses, and Thema guide the analysis. These frameworks are to analyse the extent to which ToP offer unique insights into player motivation, and how these insights can inform game design. We employed a qualitative research design based on autoethnographic journaling. We analysed game elements to see how they align with motivational patterns. Our findings showcase how SDT and ToP/PNI define and explain motivational factors in Elden Ring (2022), such as how the source of perceived negative feedback impacts the player's motivation. Our findings are relevant to game designers, psychologists, or scholars in media studies, as these insights contribute to understanding how game mechanics affect player engagement and could inform future game design. Due to the limitations of the game and our methodology, there was less emphasis on social factors, such as cooperation and social bonds. Denna studie undersöker Murray’s teori om personlighet (ToP), ett äldre motivationsramverk, och dess förmåga att förklara spelarens motivation i Elden Ring (2022) jämfört med det allmänt använda Deci och Ryans självbestämmandeteori (SDT). Vid sidan av ToP har vi även Bostan och Sezens Spelar’s Behov Lager (PNI), en speldesignfokuserad vidareutveckling av ToP. Centrala begrepp som SDT:s psykologiska behov – Autonomi, Kompetens och Samhörighet – samt ToP:s begrepp om Behov, Alfa-/Betapress och Thema vägleder analysen. Dessa ramverk används för att undersöka i vilken utsträckning ToP kan erbjuda unika insikter i spelarmotivation, och hur dessa insikter kan bidra till speldesign. Vi använde en kvalitativ forskningsdesign baserad på autoetnografiskt dagboksskrivande. Vi analyserade spelelement för att se hur de överensstämmer med motivationsmönster. Våra resultat visar hur SDT och ToP/PNI definierar och förklarar motivationsfaktorer i Elden Ring (2022), exempelvis hur källan till upplevd negativ feedback påverkar spelarens motivation. Våra resultat är relevanta för speldesigners, psykologer och medieforskare, eftersom dessa insikter bidrar till förståelsen av hur spelmekaniker påverkar spelarengagemang och kan informera framtida speldesign. På grund av spelets och vår metods begränsningar lades mindre vikt vid sociala faktorer, såsom samarbete och sociala band
The focal index: a quantitative approach to morphological sub-phenotyping of COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pilot study
No full textBackground Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterised by significant morphological heterogeneity. Morphological sub-phenotyping can potentially be used to personalise mechanical ventilation. Current methods to classify lung injury as focal or diffuse rely on subjective image interpretation, which risks misclassification and suboptimal treatment. This study aimed to investigate the morphological appearance features of lung injury objectively. The focal index, an objective quantitative tool, was introduced to assess focality in lung injury. Methods In this single-centre retrospective study, we included lung computed tomography (CT) scans from COVID-19 ARDS patients on invasive mechanical ventilation, classified as diffuse lung injury. CT data were analysed to extract regional Hounsfield Unit (HU) profiles across nine predefined lung areas. The focal index was derived by quantifying the non-overlapping area under HU distribution curves between the apical ventral and diaphragmatic dorsal regions. Correlations with lung weight, gas volume, and ventilatory settings were assessed. For validation, at least two experienced ICU consultants assessed the same images and determined whether ARDS was of a diffuse or focal type. The experts classified 36 out of 37 patients as diffuse ARDS, with substantial interobserver agreement (k = 0.65, 95% CI 0.02-1.00). Results The focal index demonstrated a wide range (25-175; mean 95.5 +/- standard deviation 42.8), correlating significantly with the dorsal diaphragmatic non-aerated area (r = 0.67, p < 0.01) and with total gas volume (r = - 0.36, p = 0.03). There was no significant influence of ventilatory settings on the focal index. Conclusions The analysis suggested diffuse lung injury includes a spectrum of focality rather than a binary classification. The focal index provides an objective method to quantify the focality of lung injury in ARDS. Further studies are needed to validate the focal index across diverse ARDS aetiologies and establish its clinical application threshold for guiding personalised ventilation strategies
Dynamic gene regulatory network inference from single-cell data using optimal transport
No full textMotivation: Modelling gene expression is a central problem in systems biology. Single-cell technologies have revolutionized the field by enabling sequencing at the resolution of individual cells. This results in a much richer data compared to what is obtained by bulk technologies, offering new possibilities and challenges for gene regulatory network inference. Results: In this work, we introduce GRIT (gene regulation inference by transport)-a method to fit a differential equation model and to infer gene regulatory networks from single-cell data using the theory of optimal transport. The idea consists in tracking the evolution of the cell distribution over time and finding the system whose temporal marginals minimize the transport cost with the observations. GRIT is finally used to identify genes and pathways affected by two Parkinson's disease associated mutations. Availability and implementation: Matlab implementation of the method and code for data generation are at gitlab.com/uniluxembourg/lcsb/systems-control/grit together with a user guide. A snapshot of the code used for the results of this article is at doi: 10.5281/zenodo.15582432
Emotional Responses to Climate Change and Activism on Social Media: Understanding the Influence on High School Students’ Views in Norway
No full textThis thesis examines how emotional responses to climate change content and activism on social media shape Norwegian high school student’s perspectives. Drawing on a qualitative approach, including focus groups and interviews, the research investigates the kinds of emotions (e.g., fear, anger, guilt) commonly caused by climate-related posts in social media, and how these emotions influence students’ views, sense of agency, and perceived urgency regarding climate action. The findings suggest that emotionally charged content, especially combining scientific information with personal or activist narratives, significantly impacts how students perceive climate change. The results presented in this thesis shows that the students in the study found social norms and the status quo motivates the students to not take part in the climate conversation. This finding puts light on the importance of emotionally intelligent climate communication, especially on social media platforms, when targeting young audiences. Another mentionable finding is that the students in this research found climate related content to not be reliable, and social media criticism is prominent. However, the results also show a naive attitude towards social media content, where the students find social media content believable. This points to education and perhaps a missing piece in their current curriculum.
A study of the EU sustainability reporting requirements on the Swedish Steel Industry
No full textThis study examines how Swedish steel companies interpret and respond to EU sustainability reporting requirements, with a focus on the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) and the Swedish Annual Accounts Act. These legal instruments represent a shift in how environmental, social, and governance (ESG) information must be disclosed by companies operating within the European Union. The research applies a qualitative content analysis of selected corporate sustainability reports and strategies, an analysis of institutional theory and how it explains sustainability strategy statements, combined with a doctrinal legal method to systematically interpret the relevant legal acts. This approach allows for an integrated understanding of both the legal framework and its practical implications for corporate reporting practices. The study focuses on a sample of firms within the Swedish steel industry, a sector chosen for its advanced sustainability ambitions, strong regulatory engagement and significant role in industrial decarbonisation. The findings suggest that while companies have demonstrated formal compliance with disclosure requirements, there are variations in the depth and strategic integration of sustainability reporting. The analysis highlights both alignment and interpretive divergence in how legal obligations are operationalised. By linking legal interpretation with corporate sustainability disclosures, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of how legal requirements can affect strategic behaviour in regulated industries. The findings are relevant for policymakers, legal scholars and business practitioners concerned with regulatory adaptation and sustainability governance
Arkeologi och urfolks markrätt : Roller, metoder och påverkan i rättsprocesser
No full textThis thesis examines how archaeology contributes to Indigenous land rights cases, focusing on Sámi communities in Sweden. The aim is to evaluate archaeology’s evidentiary role and how it may be improved. The study is limited to civil contexts, primarily land claims. Source material includes legal documents, archaeological literature, and interviews with archaeologists, legal experts, and Sámi representatives. A multidisciplinary approach combines legal analysis, archaeological theory, and post-colonial frameworks. Results show that archaeology can support Indigenous claims but is limited by legal standards favouring written evidence, lack of legal training, and weak community collaboration. The thesis identifies three areas for improvement: expert witness preparation, integration of oral tradition, and increased accessibility of archaeological data. Collaborative, ethically grounded practices are essential for archaeology to play a meaningful role in evidentiary processes and support Indigenous self-determination.Denna uppsats undersöker arkeologins roll i Sámiska markrättsfall i Sverige. Syftet är att utvärdera arkeologins bevisvärde och hur det kan förbättras. Studien är avgränsad till civila rättsprocesser, med fokus på markrättigheter. Källmaterialet består av rättsfall, arkeologisk litteratur och intervjuer med arkeologer, juridiska experter och Sámiska representanter. En tvärvetenskaplig metod kombinerar juridisk analys, arkeologisk teori och postkoloniala perspektiv. Resultatet visar att arkeologi kan stödja urfolkskrav, men begränsas av rättsliga normer som prioriterar skriftliga bevis, bristande juridisk kompetens och svagt samarbete med urfolk. Studien identifierar tre förbättringsområden: träning för sakkunniga, integrering av muntlig tradition och ökad tillgänglighet till arkeologiska data. Samarbete och etiskt förankrade arbetssätt krävs för att arkeologin ska bidra meningsfullt i rättsprocesser och stärka Sámisk självbestämmanderätt
A Dilemma for the State Governed by Law: Rights or Security? : A Legal Philosophical Study of the Trade-Off Between Fundamental Rights and Societal Security Needs
No full textMänniskans anspråk på både ett starkt rättighetsskydd och ett säkert samhälle försätter den moderna rättsstaten i en prekär situation. Ett starkt rättighetsskydd kan hämma statsmaktens förmåga att agera effektivt mot säkerhetshot såsom grov kriminalitet och terrorism. Samtidigt riskerar långtgående säkerhetsåtgärder att urholka det rättighetsskydd som staten åtagit sig att skydda. Eftersom dessa intressen svårligen kan samexistera i fullständig harmoni blir en avvägning mellan samhällets säkerhet och individens rättigheter ofrånkomlig. Vad väger tyngst – min frihet eller din säkerhet? I takt med att säkerhetsläget försämras, eller åtminstone framstår som alltmer komplext, blir sådana avvägningar mer – inte mindre – angelägna. Mot denna bakgrund analyserar uppsatsen, ur ett rättsfilosofiskt perspektiv, de principiella konflikter som uppstår när individens grundläggande rättigheter ställs mot samhällets säkerhetsbehov. Analysen visar att såväl rättighetsbegreppet som säkerhetsbegreppet rymmer en komplexitet som ofta förbises i diskursen, och att dessa intressen inte nödvändigtvis är varandras motpoler, utan snarare ömsesidigt förstärkande. Ändå tenderar både rättighets- och säkerhetsförespråkare att framhäva det egna intressets prioritet på bristfälliga premisser och utifrån konceptuella missförstånd. Genom att kritiskt granska och komplettera dessa utgångspunkter bidrar uppsatsen till en mer nyanserad och hållbar grund för framtida avvägningar mellan rättigheter och säkerhet i demokratiska rättsstater