Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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Projectification mediates between experimental and bureaucratic institutional logics in urban sustainability planning
No full textThis paper investigates how planners involved in collaborative sustainability innovation in major Swedish municipalities negotiate a bureaucratic and an experimental institutional logic. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach, we argue that preferred ways of combining the logics among planners are influenced by project management practices. Projectification thus appears to mediate between the two logics, ‘taming’ to some extent the experimental logic. At the same time, variation across planners indicates ongoing dynamics between the logics and potential resistance against dominating project modes that warrant further attention
Characteristics and treatment outcome in a prospective cohort of 639 advanced high-grade digestive neuroendocrine neoplasms (NET G3 and NEC). The NORDIC NEC 2 study
No full textBackground: Digestive high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (HG-NEN) are rare and classified as neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) or neuroendocrine tumours G3 (NET G3), and differ in clinical and molecular characteristics, response to treatment and prognosis. Methods: Prospective multicenter study registering clinical data on patients with digestive HG-NEN. Treatment outcome in patients with advanced disease was compared after centralized pathological re-evaluation. Results: 427 NEC and 117 NET G3 received palliative chemotherapy. Immediate progression rate was 41% and 24%, progression-free survival (PFS) 3.4 m and 7.4 m, overall survival (OS) 7.4 m and 21.8 m for NEC and NET G3, respectively. Significant factors for OS in NEC were performance status (PS), Ki-67 > 55%, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), age, sex and for PFS colorectal primary and PS. NEC Ki-67 < 55% had similar OS comparing treatment. Significant factors for OS in NET G3 were platinum-based treatment, PS, age and ALP, and for PFS platinum-based treatment. Conclusions: Survival was shorter than expected in this unique population-based cohort of advanced digestive HG-NEN, likely due to inclusion of elderly and patients with poor PS. Several novel prognostic factors were identified for NEC and NET G3. An initial sub-effective platinum-based treatment for NET G3 could not be compensated by later-line treatment
Over 18% Efficiency from Halogen-Free Solvent-Processed Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Asymmetric Small Molecule Acceptors with Fluoro-Thienyl Extended Terminal
No full textThe potential impact of end-group (EG) in non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) on enabling green solvent-processable polymer solar cells (PSCs) remains underexplored, offering opportunities for advancements in environmentally friendly PSC development. Herein, the EG of 1′,1′-dicyanomethylene-4-fluoro-5-thienyl-3-indanone (IC-FT) is developed by modifying the state-of-the-art of Y6 derivative NFA, BTP-4F, resulting in two novel NFAs, namely BTP-FT and BTP-2FT. Distinctively, this study reveals that it is the noncovalent F···S interaction, other than the commonly believed strong hydrogen bonding of F···H that plays a key role in determining the final molecular conformation, as confirmed by means of 2D NMR study and Gibbs free energy calculations. The asymmetric BTP-FT possesses an upshifted lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level and enhances solubility in toluene. Consequently, it can mitigate phase separation, promote the formation of nanofibrillar morphology, facilitate exciton dissociation, and ultimately enhance the performance of the PSCs, achieving a high open circuit voltage of 0.900 V and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.56%. Furthermore, the ternary blend PM6:BTP-FT:BTP-4F achieves an enhance PCE of 18.39% in devices processed from toluene. This study offers a novel perspective on NFA design for high-efficiency and eco-friendly processable PSCs by enriching the array of electron-withdrawing EGs on NFA molecules
Cardiac safety of bedaquiline, delamanid and moxifloxacin co-administered with or without varying doses of sutezolid or delpazolid for the treatment of drug-susceptible TB
No full textIntroduction: Many drugs for the treatment of TB prolong the QTc interval, which is associated with an increased risk of developing a life-threatening arrhythmia known as torsades de pointes. Sutezolid and delpazolid are novel oxazolidinones with demonstrated bactericidal activity. We aimed to assess the effects of sutezolid or delpazolid co-administered with bedaquiline, delamanid and moxifloxacin on the QTcF interval (Fridericia's correction). Furthermore, we developed a population pharmacodynamic model to assess the effects of drug exposure on the QTcTBT interval (TB-specific correction). Methods: Participants were randomized to receive standard-dose bedaquiline, delamanid and moxifloxacin with varying doses of either sutezolid (no sutezolid, 600 mg daily, 1200 mg daily, 600 mg twice daily, 800 mg twice daily) or delpazolid (no delpazolid, 400 mg daily, 800 mg daily, 1200 mg daily, 800 mg twice daily). The QTc interval was determined using weekly ECG assessments. Results: Data from 149 participants, yielding 2373 ECG observations were available for analysis. Nine participants (6.0%) experienced a Grade 3 QTcF prolongation as defined by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0. The population pharmacodynamic model predicted a 13.2 ms (95% CI: 10.9-15.3) increase of the QTcTBT in the first week of treatment, but no further increase after that. The exposure of bedaquiline's M2 metabolite was found to drive part of the QTcTBT. No exposure-response relationship was identified for the other drugs investigated. Conclusions: The drug regimens containing standard doses of bedaquiline, delamanid and moxifloxacin, and varying doses of sutezolid or delpazolid were not found to pose a high cardiac risk in a population without further QTc-relevant risk factors. However, close monitoring of the QTc interval remains essential in patients with TB treated with combination drug therapy with known QTc-prolonging drugs
Magnetron sputtering of epitaxial Al5C3N thin films
No full textAl5C3N has a nanolaminated crystal structure with layers of AlN separated by layers of Al2C and Al2C2. The physical and chemical properties of Al5C3N is more or less unknown due to the high temperatures required to synthesize bulk samples but in analogy with other nanolaminated materials such as MAX-phases, this compound may have potential applications as thin film materials. In this study we have deposited single-phase Al5C3N films with magnetron sputtering onto α-Al2O3(001) and AlN(001)/α-Al2O3(001) substrates at deposition temperatures ranging from 650 °C to 800 °C. The as-sputtered films were analyzed using multiple compositional and structural characterization methods. Epitaxial growth of Al5C3N was obtained on AlN(001)/α-Al2O3(001) but with a large number of defects mainly with extra stacking planes locally inserted into the structure. Nanoindentation measurements showed a hardness of about 18–19 GPa, which is significantly harder than for the MAX-phases. This can be explained by a high bond strength between the alternating AlN and Al2C/Al2C2 layers giving this compound a more three-dimensional character than the MAX-phases. The band gap measurements show band gaps of 2.2 eV and 2.9 eV for the films deposited at 650 °C, and 1.8 eV and 2.5 eV for films deposited at 800 °C
Torque-Vectoring Control for a Series-Hybrid Articulated Mining Truck with Four In-Wheel Motors
No full textUnderground mine trucks are essential for safe and continuous ore haulage, they operate in confined tunnels, steep gradients and low ventilation, so reliability, maneuverability and energy use matter. For decades these vehicles have used internal combustion engine (ICE) propulsion and hydraulic articulation. In recent years these have started to transition from ICE propelled to hybrid and fully electric drivetrains. They have proven to improve the cycle time and reduce energy use and losses, yet they require new control strategies. Virtual simulation is therefore needed to develop and test operational control and performance before hardware. They expose the limitations at the early stage and allow system level validation under repeatable scenarios. This thesis presents a model-based control framework that integrates steering to articulation conversion, load transfer aware torque vectoring control and direct yaw moment control for a series hybrid, centrally articulated mining truck with four in-wheel motors. The framework is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink as modular subsystems. The layout follows planar articulated vehicle dynamics, and the control supervisory layers within the simulation control loop reflect torque vectoring methods for electric all-wheel drive vehicles. Motor torque and speed limits from data sheets are set for the saturation and power limits used by the torque distributor (allocator). The study is carried out on an existing Epiroc's underground truck with a series hybrid configuration and four in-wheel motors. Direct access to or adjustment of the inverter and motor electrical parameters is unavailable because the traction units are supplied by external manufacturers. The control model therefore commands individual torques by estimating normal forces and by requesting a stabilizing yaw moment rather than by modifying electrical control loops. Longitudinal and lateral accelerations are computed, normal forces per wheel are derived from geometry and load transfer, and the total torque is distributed according to the load with an adjustable weighting parameter. A small yaw moment term proportional to the articulation angle shifts the left and the right torques while preserving the total torque. An advanced variant estimates the yaw rate and the sideslip to form a feasible yaw moment request to allocate torques within the traction, power, and rate limits. The simulation across representative maneuvers (0-25 km/h, payloads up to 66 tones and grade) shows feasible yaw tracking and enrichment of outer wheel torques in turns and load dependent torque distribution between each motor. The model supports energy use distribution and provides a practical tool for the electrification of Epiroc's underground vehicles
Development of the PIPA Method-Participate, Identify, Prioritize, and Act
No full textObjectiveThe aims of the was to present the development of Participate, Identify, Prioritize, and Act (PIPA) method, a participatory risk management tool to help retail employers identify hazardous work tasks and implement improvements to prevent musculoskeletal disorders.MethodsUsing the knowledge-to-action framework, PIPA development involved the following three phases: initial concept design, iterative survey development, and feasibility testing through a pilot study. Phases 1 and 2 included discussions with retail representatives, and phase 3 evaluated user perceptions through a pilot study in two retail stores using semistructured interviews.ResultsThe PIPA method captured relevant ergonomic issues and facilitated employee input on potential improvements. Challenges included low participation and difficulties in organizing workshops. Participants highlighted the need for strong communication and flexible engagement strategies.ConclusionsThe PIPA method offers a valuable approach to ergonomic risk management through employee involvement in the retail sector
Understanding the child feeding decisions among urban parents : a qualitative study in addis ababa, Ethiopia
No full textBackground Food choice decisions are complex processes influenced by various factors that affect the family’s diet and, thus, their health and nutrition. In low- and middle-income countries like Ethiopia, these factors are shaped by the ongoing nutrition transition, urbanization, and socio-economic challenges. Despite growing concerns about the double burden of malnutrition, the factors influencing food choices among parents of children under five in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, remain poorly understood. This study explores these factors. Methods Five focus groups with fathers and mothers (30 participants total, 5–7 per group) were conducted, along with 11 in-depth interviews with mothers of children under the age of five, for a total of 41 participants. Participants were permanent residents of Addis Ababa, having lived in the city for at least six months. Using health extension workers and community guides, participants were purposively sampled from two districts in Addis Ababa. Data were collected from November 2023 to April 2024, with interviews conducted in Amharic, audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. Thematic analysis, both inductive and deductive, was performed using Bronfenbrenner’s socio-ecological model as a lens. Results Factors influencing parental food choice were identified at three levels: individual, community, and environmental. Health concerns, affordability, child food preferences, and convenience were most frequently mentioned at an individual level. At the community level, family norms and social pressure played key roles. Food safety concerns and marketing influences were identified as important influences at the environmental level. Parents reported that while food availability was not typically a concern, changes in the food environment and economic constraints significantly impacted their food choices. They also emphasized that food safety and the reliability of food markets were essential issues. Conclusion This study underscores the complex, multi-level factors shaping food choices among parents of children under five in Addis Ababa. Health concerns, affordability, food safety, and market reliability were identified as key influences on food choices. These multi-level factors can guide interventions to improve children’s diets by addressing individual motivations and the broader environmental contexts influencing food choices
Climate variability and its impact on sanitation facility choice in Ethiopia
No full textClimate change is expected to affect precipitation and temperature, with consequences for water availability and sanitation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how precipitation and temperature affect households’ decisions on sanitation facilities that vary in their dependence on water for operation. To this end, we use household-level panel data from the Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey in combination with location-matched, high-resolution weather data. Employing a panel fixed-effects regression model, the findings reveal that higher precipitation is significantly associated with an 18% lower (higher) likelihood of using improved (unimproved) sanitation facilities, respectively. Higher temperature has the opposite effect. Both precipitation and temperature have heterogeneous impacts: the effect of precipitation is significant only in male-headed households, while temperature affects the use of shared improved facilities in towns and urban areas. One potential explanation for the influence of precipitation is that heavy precipitation can disrupt access to piped water and sanitation networks by causing physical damage to infrastructure. Furthermore, higher temperature may accelerate the decomposition of solids in septic tanks, thereby reducing the need for water. These findings could help policymakers and practitioners implement evidence-based sanitation interventions to increase access to improved sanitation facilities
Exploration at the high-energy frontier : ATLAS Run 2 searches investigating the exotic jungle beyond the Standard Model
No full textThis report presents a comprehensive collection of searches for new physics performed by the ATLAS Collaboration during the Run 2 period of data taking at the Large Hadron Collider, from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to about 140 fb(-1) of root s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data. These searches cover a variety of beyond-the-standard model topics such as dark matter candidates, new vector bosons, hidden-sector particles, leptoquarks, or vector-like quarks, among others. Searches for supersymmetric particles or extended Higgs sectors are explicitly excluded as these are the subject of separate reports by the Collaboration. For each topic, the most relevant searches are described, focusing on their importance and sensitivity and, when appropriate, highlighting the experimental techniques employed. In addition to the description of each analysis, complementary searches are compared, and the overall sensitivity of the ATLAS experiment to each type of new physics is discussed. Summary plots and statistical combinations of multiple searches are included whenever possible. (c) 2024 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2024.10.001</p