Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
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Shaping the Narrative of Singapore’s Education System : A Critical Discourse Analysis on Ethnicity, Cultural Norms, Class and Meritocracy
No full textThe purpose of the thesis is to critically analyse online media discourse from 2018 to 2024 in Singapore and explore how issues of the educational performance gap and socioeconomic class are presented and discussed. The study focuses on the impact of two key educational reforms, Bilingual Education and Streaming and Tracking. It will examine the relationships and interactions among Singaporeans from various ethnic, socioeconomic, and educational backgrounds and how bilingual education influences perceptions of inclusiveness in relation to the educational performance gap between Malay and Chinese. The objective is to understand how discourse on these reforms contributes to shaping public understanding of equality, inclusion and attitudes towards educational pathways within the education system in Singapore and more broadly, the Singaporean society. The research question posed is: How does online discourse in Singaporean media reflect and construct public perceptions of ethnicity, socioeconomic class, and educational equality in relation to streaming, bilingual education, and the educational performance gap between Malay and Chinese students? The study utilises Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis with Weber’s concept of status hierarchy and Bowles and Gintis’ social reproduction theory to analyse qualitative data gathered from publicly available online source materials. In answering the research question, the findings illustrate: family capabilities and financial constraints; differences in cultural values and prioritisation; societal standards on grades; barriers for integration in secondary schools; emphasis on strong bilingual languages. Moreover, there are three dimensions explored using Fairclough’s CDA. The first dimension, text, focuses on linguistic choices. The second dimension, discursive practice, explores how these texts are produced and consumed. Lastly, the third dimension, social practice, analyses the discourse in broader ideological and societal contexts. These findings have significant contributions to the field of sociology of education, regarding how educational reforms and media discourses shape, reinforce, and occasionally challenge ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in a multicultural, specifically in a non-Western and academically driven society like Singapore.
The Grounds of the European Democracy–Media Nexus : Four Conditions of Possibility
No full textThis theoretically informed re-reading of existing empirical literature focuses on the understudied area of the conditions of possibility for democratic media in Europe. For the research, an adjusted version of the integrative literature review method was applied to empirical literature spanning 24 years. The review was guided by Carpentier and Wimmer’s framework (2025) that studies the democracy–media nexus through a discursive-material approach. Four main conditions of possibility for democratic media (in Europe) are elaborated in this study: communication technologies, economic resources and stability, democratic media culture, and the legitimacy of democratic regulation. As it is presented throughout the review, these conditions of possibility are the enabling frameworks for media to perform their democratic roles, permitting but also conditioning media’s performance. The ‘conditions of possibility’ lens of the study facilitated the attentiveness to the complex and contingent relationships of media and democracy, but also to democracy’s embeddedness in the social realm and its dependency on particular societal processes for its survival.MeDeMap - Mapping Media for Future Democracie
Brilliantly Red : The Structure of Carmine
No full textCarmine is a red pigment made from dried cochineal, a scale insect that has been a source of brilliant scarlet reds in clothing and art for more than two millennia, with records dating back to 700 BC. Since the 16th century, it has been intensely traded all over the world and was one of the most important trade goods for the Spanish empire at its economic peak. Despite still being used on an industrial scale, with hundreds of metric tonnes produced annually, the exact molecular and crystal structures of the dyestuff remains undetermined. Notably, both modern-day commercial carmine and pigments prepared following historical recipes show strikingly similar diffraction patterns, indicating a common crystalline structure. Here we show that the crystal structure of carmine can, at last, be determined using three-dimensional electron diffraction measurements, revealing a tetranuclear complex that assembles into a nanoporous supramolecular structure with pore diameters of approximately 1.8 nm, held together by intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Our results establish a definite structure of carmine, unveiling a surprisingly complicated arrangement in a long-used commodity with economic and cultural impact, while also highlighting the serendipitous creation of a man-made supramolecular material that dates back hundreds if not thousands of years
Evaluating the Predictive Value of Destination-Data in Maritime AIS Messages: A New Dimension Used in Vessel Trajectory Analysis
No full textThe Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a cornerstone of modern maritime navigation, offering rich positional and contextual data for vessel movement analysis. While most research has focused on spatial features, this thesis investigates the predictive value of the often overlooked "Destination field", a manually entered, semi-structured attribute in AIS messages. Despite its perceived unreliability, this field may contain valuable information for trajectory analysis and motion prediction. This study explores whether the Destination field can enhance clustering of vessel trajectories. A comprehensive pipeline was developed to extract, clean, and engineer the Destination field into a dynamic, angular feature. Two clustering approaches were evaluated: an embedded method combining spatial- and destination features, and a hierarchical method analysing them sequentially. Results show that while the Destination feature introduces additional structure into the Clustering process, its predictive value remains limited under current methods. However, the successful extraction and transformation of destination data demonstrate its potential for future integration into intelligent maritime systems. This work highlights the importance of reevaluating underused AIS fields and lays the groundwork for more robust trajectory prediction models in autonomous navigation
Remissyttrande : Utmönstring av permanent uppehållstillstånd och vissa anpassningar till miniminivån enligt EU
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TPACK i praktiken : En kvalitativ studie om F-3 lärares utmaningar av digitala verktyg i matematikundervisning för NPF-elever
No full textSyftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att beskriva de utmaningar lärare möter samt deras behov av kunskap vid användning av digitala verktyg i matematikundervisningen för elever med neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar (NPF). Studien är relevant då digitaliseringen i skolan ställer ökade krav på att förstå hur digitala verktyg kan användas för att skapa en strukturerad och inkluderande lärmiljö. Studien utgår från TPACK-modellen som analyserar samspelet mellan lärares teknologiska, pedagogiska och ämnesmässiga kunskap. Modellen används för att undersöka hur lärare använder digitala verktyg för att möta elevernas behov och vilka utmaningar som uppstår i denna process. Vår undersökning baseras på en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med fyra verksamma F-3-lärare. Respondenterna delade sina erfarenheter om hur de arbetar med digitala verktyg för att stödja elever med NPF, vilka utmaningar de möter och hur de anpassar undervisningen för att skapa en mer förutsägbar lärmiljö. Datamaterialet analyserades genom tematisk analys, där centrala teman identifierades utifrån lärarnas svar. Resultaten visar att lärare upplever både möjligheter och utmaningar med digitala verktyg i undervisningen för elever med NPF. Struktur och tydlighet framhålls som avgörande faktorer, där digitala plattformar, timers och visuella scheman används för att skapa en mer tydlig och strukturerad lärmiljö. Studien visar även att digitala verktyg kan ha en positiv inverkan på motivation och engagemang, särskilt när de används på ett genomtänkt pedagogiskt sätt. En av de största utmaningarna som lärarna beskriver är dock risken för distraktion, då vissa elever lätt tappar fokus och använder tekniken för andra ändamål. Resultatet ger även en inblick i hur F-3-lärare arbetar med digitala verktyg i matematikundervisningen för elever med NPF och vilka pedagogiska strategier som kan bidra till att skapa en mer strukturerad och tillgänglig lärmiljö
Special cases, and predictions in the Generalized Sorting Problem
No full text Generalized sorting is a problem in computer science which entertains a version of comparison sort where some comparisons are forbidden. The problem is related to many different problems of interest like comparison sort, sorting with priced information, the nuts and bolts problem, and poset sorting. However unlike comparison sort we still know relatively little about the problem, in recent years forays into utilizing algorithms with predictions methods have given us significantly better performing algorithms, and advancements have been made in special cases of the problem. This thesis finds a new algorithm for generalized sorting where the input is a complete tripartite graph and similarly for when the input is a complete k-partite graph which are efficient as well as introducing a predictive version of sorting posets when the comparison graph of the input is a chordal or comparability graph and identifies a problem or point that was unclear in a known algorithm for the generalized sorting problem with predictions. Additionally an implementation of some of the algorithms for the generalized sorting problem is provided and benchmarked against both synthetic and non synthetic inputs to verify the theoretical bounds of the algorithms and test how they perform in practice. The provided implementations were built to be easily reusable for different settings so any third party could build upon them. The results broadly agreed with the theoretical results with an exemption for what is thought to be the best performing algorithm for the stochastic generalized sorting problem. There was not enough data to be displayed for the worst case algorithms for the generalized sorting problem as well as difficulty to make any strong assertions about how well the theory matches up to reality for the predictive algorithms due to benchmarking them taking a large amount of time and thus the problem sizes were rather limited
Observation of the -Annihilation Process + → + and Measurement of + → + in + → ++−00 Decays
No full textWe present the first amplitude analysis and branching fraction measurement of the decay + →++−00, using +−collision data collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.128 and 4.226 GeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.33 fb−1, and report the first observation of the pure -annihilation decay + →+with a branching fraction of (0.99±0.08stat +0.05−0.07syst)%. In comparison to the low significance of the wave in the decay + →+, the dominance of the wave over the and waves, with a fraction of (51.85±7.28stat +4.83−7.90syst)%observed in the decay + →+, provides crucial information for the “polarization puzzle,” as well as for the understanding of charm meson decays. The branching fraction of + →++−00is measured to be (4.41±0.15stat±0.13syst)%. Moreover, the branching fraction of + →+is measured to be (3.98±0.33stat +0.21−0.19syst)%, and the =ℬ(→+−0)/ℬ(→+−)is determined to be (0.222±0.019stat +0.016−0.016syst), which is consistent with the previous measurement based on charm meson decays, but deviates from the results from +−annihilation and −scattering experiments by more than 3.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.201902</p
DECISIONS AMID DISASTERS : Climate Impacts on Ceasefire Durability
No full textCeasefires are a common but under-examined aspect of civil conflicts, often proving fragile and short-lived. This thesis explores how climate-related shocks, such as floods, storms, and droughts, impact the durability of ceasefire agreements. The argument is that these shocks increase the risk of ceasefire violations by reducing the immediate economic returns of peace and amplifying uncertainty about each party’s capabilities and intentions. Using an event-history approach and global, daily data on disasters and ceasefires from 1989 to 2020, the thesis assesses whether and how natural disasters influence the likelihood of ceasefire breakdown. The analysis indicates that while disasters undoubtedly are disruptive to local economic and social environments, they do not seem to directly increase the risk of violations. This study contributes to theoretical advances in peace and conflict research by conceptualizing ceasefires as distinct from conflict onset or peace, and methodological by explicitly accounting for the timing and dynamics of external shocks within ceasefire contexts. The empirical results interestingly indicate an opposite relationship to the one hypothesized. Disaster exposure, especially when measured through humanitarian impacts, does not seem to increase the risk of ceasefire violations. Instead, there are indications of decreased risk in the aftermath of disasters.