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Exploring the Effects of the Long Noncoding RNA MIR205HG on PI3K Inhibitor Resistance in Breast Cancer
No full textBreast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with nearly 21,000 cases predicted in Australia for 2024. A key driver is the PI3K pathway, often hyperactivated due to PIK3CA mutations or loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Resistance to PI3K inhibitors is common, but long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) like MIR205HG may play a role. This study found that losing MIR205HG increased resistance but made cells vulnerable to prolonged PI3K inhibition, revealing a potential therapeutic strategy
Children and Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in Australia: The Big Challenges
Get PDFGenAI tools are great at reproducing what probabilistically comes next, but these models produce all kinds of errors because there is no understanding, no intelligence. It is vital that these tools are used carefully and critically.
This report highlights nine of the most urgent challenges and issues in terms of everyday use of GenAI tools, especially when children might be using these systems. All of these are in urgent need of greater research, including hearing more from children and young people about how they use, and how they wish to (or don’t wish to) use these tools in the future. Educators, policy makers, NGOs, parents and anyone thinking about the uses of GenAI tools would be well served keeping these issues in mind, too
Cost-effective and simple biodiesel production process from waste cooking oil using a rotating tube reactor: Kinetic study and techno-economic analysis
Get PDFThis study presents an efficient method for biodiesel production using a rotating tube reactor (RTR). The continuous production process from various feedstocks was simulated based on experimental data and kinetic modeling, and further evaluated to assess its economic feasibility. NaOH catalyzed transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) in the RTR was aligned in the pseudo-first order of WCO with an activation energy of 27.81 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factor of 3.76 × 103 min−1 (R2 = 0.9996). The continuous RTR can reduce FFA from 6 to 1.89 wt% via esterification of WCO. Turbulent Taylor vortex flow regime indicated that transesterification of WCO in the RTR required higher mixing intensity to achieve a high biodiesel yield of 89.72 % within 11.23 min. The RTR approach offers a comparable total capital investment to existing intensified methods while reducing operating costs, underscoring its potential for cost-effective biodiesel production. The economic evaluation indicated that biodiesel from high-FFA content WCO was more favorable, with a short payout period of only 3.1 years, a high net present value of 34.8 million USD, and an internal rate of return of 82.6 %. The RTR proves to be a viable, simple, and flexible solution for biodiesel production from various feedstocks
AI and the visualisation needs of researchers using email archives
No full textCorrespondence held in the collections of cultural institutions is an important resource for researchers, including historians, biographers, and social scientists. Email has been the dominant form of correspondence for the last 30 years and email archives are now being acquired by cultural institutions as a valuable resource for their collections. There are challenges in collecting, preserving and providing access to email archives, as with all born-digital materials, but also challenges in using email archives as a researcher. One tool that can help researchers use an email archive is visualisation. Visualisation has been applied to email for a long period of time but there has been little research into the visualisation needs of researchers using email archives. The preliminary outcomes of a research project investigating the needs of researchers suggests that visualisations will be useful to the researcher, who is always under the pressure of limited time, to work efficiently with the email archive. Artificial intelligence (AI) can play a role in preparing the email archive for visualisation. However, the research outcomes suggest that visualisations will be viewed cautiously by researchers who want time with the actual email archive to develop their research and they are unlikely to trust visualisations alone. The use of AI in the production of visualisations has the potential to add further barriers to researchers’ level of trust
Advances Towards Ex Situ Conservation of Critically Endangered Rhodomyrtus psidioides (Myrtaceae)
No full textRhodomyrtus psidioides (G.Don) Benth. (Myrtaceae) is a critically endangered rainforest species from the east coast of Australia, where populations have severely and rapidly declined due to the effects of repeated myrtle rust infection. With very limited material available in the wild and freezing-sensitive seeds that have prevented storage in a seed bank, ex situ conservation of this exceptional species has proven difficult. Material from a seed orchard grown at the Australian Botanic Garden Mount Annan was successfully used to initiate three new accessions into tissue culture from cuttings, and to undertake cryopreservation experiments using a droplet-vitrification (DV) protocol for both seeds and cultured shoot tips. Use of seedling material for tissue culture initiation was very effective, with a 94–100% success rate for semi-hardwood explants and a 50–62% success rate for softwood explants. Although no survival of seeds after cryopreservation was observed, seeds of R. psidioides showed some tolerance of desiccation and exposure to cryoprotective agents. Regeneration after cryopreservation using a DV protocol was demonstrated in only one shoot tip precultured on basal medium containing 0.4 M sucrose and incubated in PVS2 for 20 min prior to immersion in liquid nitrogen. These results demonstrate the value of living collections in botanic gardens for conservation research, highlight the importance of germplasm choice for tissue culture initiation, and demonstrate the potential of cryobiotechnologies for the ex situ conservation of exceptional plant species
Sustainable Supply Chain Management and Performance Outcomes: Supply Chain Practice View and Mediated Moderation Perspectives
No full textManufacturing supply chains face an ever-increasing risk of failing to address contentious social issues and achieve financial stability. Regrettably, previous studies highlight resources that provide few leaders in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) with a competitive advantage over many other firms. As a result, it remains unclear how firms across manufacturing supply chains leverage imitable sustainability practices for economic and social benefits, particularly in emerging markets with resource constraints. To address this issue and extend this research stream, we draw on supply chain practice view theory to introduce two imitable SSCM practices—basic SSCM practices and advanced SSCM practices—and propose that they play a crucial role in shaping the social and economic performance of firms across manufacturing supply chains. Using cross-sectional survey data from 262 managers of firms across manufacturing supply chains in Ghana, our results reveal that basic SSCM practices are a prerequisite for advanced SSCM practices. Additionally, the results demonstrate an indirect impact of advanced SSCM practices on economic performance via community-focused performance. Unlike hypothesised, our study's results do not identify basic SSCM practices as a boundary condition affecting the relationships between advanced SSCM practices and community- and employee-focused performances. By theorising and revealing a more nuanced understanding of how significantly imitable practices contribute to manufacturing supply chains' social and economic performance, we enhance the existing body of knowledge on the antecedents, boundary conditions and performance implications of SSCM practices
Vulnerability, complexity and risk management in global livestock supply chains: The case of the MV Bahijah
No full textNew to this Edition: Expanded discussion of sustainability and ethical supply chain practices In-depth analysis of supply chain vulnerability and risk management Greater emphasis on reverse logistics and circular economy strategies Enhanced ..
Quantitative Analysis of Early-stage Transient Adhesion Between Bioactive Glass and Planktonic Bacteria
Get PDFBacterial infections associated with implants continue to present major clinical challenges. This study examines the interactions between planktonic bacteria and bioactive glass 58S using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), focusing on the influence of crystallinity and composition on antibacterial performance. Amorphous 58S synthesized via the sol-gel method demonstrated superior antibacterial efficacy compared to its semi-crystalline counterparts. The incorporation of silver nanoparticles into 58S further enhanced antibacterial activity, particularly against E. coli. AFM revealed stronger adhesion forces for E. coli compared to S. aureus, with irreversible attachment beginning within one second. The composition also exhibited excellent bioactivity, making it suitable for implant coatings and porous scaffolds
A new special tribunal will investigate Russia’s aggression against Ukraine. Will it be effective?
No full textWise Proactivity: Antecedents, Outcomes, and a Mechanism
No full textBeing proactive involves taking personal initiative to change a situation or oneself. While research to date has paid considerable attention to the frequency with which individuals engage in proactive behaviors, less attention has been given to the ways in which people act proactively to garner positive outcomes. In this paper, we draw on the conceptualization of wise proactivity developed by Parker, Wang, and Liao in 2019 to construct a measure that captures employees' deliberate and thoughtful consideration of context, others, and self as they proactively initiate and pursue change in the workplace. Through a series of empirical studies, we investigate the key antecedents of wise proactivity, showing that it is predicted by wisdom and political skills. We also examine whether, and through what mechanism, wise proactivity affects the outcome of job performance. We show that wise proactivity predicts job performance above and beyond the frequency with which one engages in proactivity and does so because wise proactivity is perceived of as desirable. Our study highlights the value of shifting the focus in proactivity research and practice to explore how employees can engage in proactive behavior in a wise manner