19683 research outputs found
Sort by
Parental Perceptions About Energy Balance Related Behaviors and Their Determinants Among Children and Adolescents Living with Disability: A Qualitative Study in Greece
No full textBackground/Objectives: The prevalence of obesity is high among children living with disability. The present study aimed to examine the perceptions of parents and caregivers of children living with disability regarding children’s energy balance related behaviors (EBRBs) and their determinants. Methods: Parents/caregivers of children living with disability (n = 45) from Thessaly, Crete and Attica Regions of Greece, participated in semi-structured interviews between November and December 2023. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and transferred to N-VIVO software. The results were analyzed according to the framework of the socio-ecological model, using deductive thematic analysis. Results: Parents/caregivers reported that eating habits of children living with disability and their physical activity levels were poorer compared to the general population. At an individual level, certain disabilities may affect children’s food preferences and parents’ ability to prepare healthy foods. At a familial level, financial difficulties may influence healthy eating, whereas some parents/caregivers act as children’s role models to encourage them to be physically active. Home food environments may also influence children’s eating patterns and peer influence on their EBRBs. At a community level, lack of trained personnel, available amenities/equipment and food education initiatives and the availability of unhealthy foods in school canteens were described as major barriers to healthy EBRBs. At an organizational level, lack of accessible/safe facilities, the marginalization/stigma that children living with disability may experience and lack of dietitians/nutritionists in health centers were named as the main factors influencing children’s EBRBs. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the importance of designing multi-sectoral policy interventions to promote healthy EBRBs and tackle obesity in children living with disability in Greece.</p
A meta-analysis of persuasive design, engagement, and efficacy in 92 RCTs of mental health apps
No full textThis systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of digital mental health apps and the impact of persuasive design principles on intervention engagement and outcomes. Ninety-two RCTs and 16,728 participants were included in the meta-analyses. Findings indicate that apps significantly improved clinical outcomes compared to controls (g = 0.43). Persuasive design principles ranged from 1 to 12 per app (mode = 5). Engagement data were reported in 76% of studies, with 25 distinct engagement metrics identified, the most common being the percentage of users who completed the intervention and the average percentage of modules completed. No significant association was found between persuasive principles and either efficacy or engagement. With 25 distinct engagement metrics and 24% of studies not reporting engagement data, establishing overall engagement with mental health apps remains unfeasible. Standardising the definition of engagement and implementing a structured framework for reporting engagement metrics and persuasive design elements are essential steps toward advancing effective, engaging interventions in real-world settings.</p
The Role of Siblings in Caring for Middle‐Aged and Older People With Severe Mental Illness: A Scoping Review
No full textThe intersection of severe mental illness (SMI) and ageing poses significant health and psychosocial challenges for middle‐aged and older adults with SMI. Informal care from siblings can be crucial for this group, who are less likely to have the involvement of spouses or children in their ageing. Despite growing interest in sibling support within mental health research, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding siblings' roles in caring for their ageing relatives with SMI. We conducted a scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley's approach and reported results using the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. Identifying 28 English‐language studies published between 2000 and 2024 from PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE and ProQuest, we synthesised key themes concerning the involvement of siblings in caring for individuals with SMI. The findings reveal a widespread willingness among siblings to provide care, though they often adopt a cautious approach. Many siblings feel unprepared to assume parental roles in long‐term care, showing reluctance to engage in regular, intensive daily care activities. The extent of their involvement, its impact and their coping strategies are intricately linked to (1) the triangular relationship among parents and siblings with and without SMI, (2) socio‐economic status and emotional and educational resources and (3) socio‐cultural values. This review contributes to the development of scholarship by identifying critical directions for future research, practice and policy.</p
How were PPH rates stabilised in Australian jurisdictions in 2021? The answer is elusive
No full textNo description supplied</p
Understanding the Unmet Needs of People Living with Type 2 Diabetes in Self-Managing Their Condition
No full textBackground/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence is rising worldwide. Despite numerous efforts to address the condition, many initiatives fall short due to limited consumer engagement. Involving people with lived experience in healthcare design is increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for improving diabetes management. Aim: To understand the unmet needs of people with T2D in self-managing their condition through the establishment of a Consumer Reference Group (CRG). Methods: The CRG was established using a standardized approach advised by Monash Partners, with specific terms of reference for consumer engagement. A face-to-face training workshop was conducted to develop consumers’ capacity to co-design T2D interventions. Two focus groups were held to explore consumers’ unmet needs and propose potential solutions. An inductive thematic analysis was performed. Results: Ten adults (three females/seven males; 58–78 years old) with T2D participated. Four main themes emerged: (1) misinformation; (2) limited guidance; (3) challenges in self-management; and (4) gaps in prevention and screening. Participants reported difficulties in maintaining motivation, balancing T2D management with other life commitments, and addressing mental health concerns. They reported feeling misinformed and inadequately supported by healthcare professionals and diabetes organizations, often relying on conflicting sources of information. Participants from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds noted a lack of tailored dietary information. Proposed solutions included better training for primary care providers, reinforcing the role of diabetes nurse educators, expanding mental health support, and collaborating with CALD communities to provide culturally appropriate dietary information. Conclusions: These insights are critical for developing consumer-driven interventions that are responsive to the real-world needs of people living with T2D.</p
Providence, and misfortune on the Victorian goldfields 1852- 1870
No full textMost gold seekers and their families hoped to attain great advantage by migrating to Bendigo's goldrush in the mid-19th century, but many encountered significant misery instead. Environmental catastrophe, rough living conditions, poverty, illness and early death tested the fortitude of many individuals and families. Dr Jones tells how one Scottish family, the Browns, made sense of their misfortune through examination of family letters held by the National Library of Scotland and material artefacts in the La Trobe University Sandhurst Collection. Researched by Associate Professor Jennifer Jones, with assistance from Dr Rachel Goldust, supported by the Sandhurst Research grant fund.© Goldfields Libraries 2024</p
The Proteomic and RNA Cargo in Extracellular Vesicles associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
Collaboration for Spread Handbook: An Approach to Guiding Spread of Successful Community-based Interventions
No full textThis Collaboration for Spread Handbook grew out of our experiences in the IMPACT research program. The Innovative Models Promoting Access-to-Care Transformation (IMPACT) initiative was a five-year Canadian-Australian research program that provided an opportunity to build new and existing partnerships, programs, and research to co-create models of care that enhance access and ultimately improve health outcomes for vulnerable populations.This Handbook is intended for people who are engaging in collaborative community-based research to advance primary healthcare (i.e., partners including health systems, community agencies, and researchers). The Handbook builds on existing knowledge and is intended to provide an initial introduction to community-based collaborative research. It will be of interest to all stakeholders involved in community-based collaborative research with particular emphasis on supporting researchers to collaborate. An intent of this Handbook is to promote better understanding of the knowledge, skill, and resource requirements needed to develop and sustain community-based research collaboration and partnerships.This Handbook has an accompanying Pop-Up Implementation Guide https://doi.org/10.26181/28622168</p
Securing cross-domain data access with decentralized attribute-based access control
No full textIn attribute-based access control (ABAC), access to resources depends on the specific attributes of the entity requesting access. Existing ABAC models primarily depend on local attribute authorities to define and confirm attributes, which makes it challenging to support access decisions cross-domains without introducing centralization. Centralized solutions often conflict with individual domains’ security, privacy, and control requirements and, if compromised for any reason, can impact access to large datasets across participating domains. This paper introduces a novel access control model for cross-domain environments that significantly reduces central control. Our decentralized ABAC (D-ABAC) model uses group signature techniques to exchange attribute information securely and privately within cross-domains. Each domain maintains its own policies and attribute authorities, reducing the need for global trust or centralization to mutual trust between attribute authorities. We further design and implement a proof-of-concept system to demonstrate the practical feasibility of our proposed system for the collaborative and secure sharing of healthcare data in cross-domain environments. The proposed system model enhances security, scalability, and privacy in cross-domain settings, making it suitable for sensitive environments such as healthcare.</p
On the bending, buckling and free vibration analysis of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite shear and normal deformable beams
No full textThe mechanical behaviours of bio-inspired helicoidal symmetric laminated composite (BIHLC) beams are investigated via the Ritz method. By exploiting the variational formulation, equations of motion along with element stiffness, geometrical stiffness, and mass matrices are derived. The study conducts a thorough examination, covering bending, buckling stability, and free vibration analyses of BIHLC beams with various lamination schemes. The developed model is verified against existing literature on conventional composite laminated and BIHLC beams. The study also examines the mechanical response of BIHLCs, considering boundary conditions, lamination schemes, orthotropy ratios, and aspect ratios. Notably, deflections, critical buckling loads, and fundamental frequencies demonstrate variations dependent on the specific lamination scheme, boundary condition, and aspect ratio. Novel findings, presented for the first time, offer valuable insights for future studies in this area.</p