19683 research outputs found
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Lived Experiences of Migrant Fathers in the Perinatal Period: A Systematic Review and Analysis
No full textAbstract: The worldwide population of migrant families is on the rise, and there is growing acknowledgement of the significance of supporting parental mental health within these families. However, understanding of the experiences of migrant fathers during the perinatal period remains incomplete. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of existing research on perinatal migrant fathers’ experiences in different cultures. Multiple searches were conducted in April 2023 for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies across six electronic databases: Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus. Fourteen eligible articles were identified, including nine qualitative studies, five quantitative studies, and no mixed-methods studies. The Mixed-methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality of these studies. The quantitative findings were transformed into narrative summaries to be analysed thematically along with the qualitative data. Three themes were identified: (1) Cultural competence (dealing with cultural differences, needs related to original country); (2) Parenthood in a new country (challenges and adaptation to fatherhood, challenging traditional gender norms, lack of extended family and building new support networks, being the main supporter for the family); (3) Needs of the fathers and their personal difficulties. The findings of this review suggest a direction for future research in perinatal psychology. The review also provides insights into the need for social and community support for migrant fathers and how healthcare services can support this group during the perinatal period.</p
Understanding the Female Autism Phenotype: Is There a Moderating Role of Developmental Abilities on Sex Differences in Early Childhood Autism and Co-occurring Features?
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
A Sociology of Autistic Masking and Camouflaging: The Intersectionality of Neurotypical Privilege and the Neuroarchy
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Social Inquiry and Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
Fighting flu: novel CD8+ T-cell targets are required for future influenza vaccines
No full textSeasonal influenza viruses continue to cause severe medical and financial complications annually. Although there are many licenced influenza vaccines, there are billions of cases of influenza infection every year, resulting in the death of over half a million individuals. Furthermore, these figures can rise in the event of a pandemic, as seen throughout history, like the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic (50 million deaths) and the 1968 Hong Kong influenza pandemic (~4 million deaths). In this review, we have summarised many of the currently licenced influenza vaccines available across the world and current vaccines in clinical trials. We then briefly discuss the important role of CD8+ T cells during influenza infection and why future influenza vaccines should consider targeting CD8+ T cells. Finally, we assess the current landscape of known immunogenic CD8+ T-cell epitopes and highlight the knowledge gaps required to be filled for the design of rational future influenza vaccines that incorporate CD8+ T cells.</p
Knee confidence, fear of movement, and psychological readiness for sport in individuals with knee conditions: A systematic review with meta-analysis
No full textOBJECTIVES: To (1) compare activity-related psychological factors between individuals with and without knee conditions, and (2) assess associations between these factors and objective measures of function in individuals with knee conditions. DESIGN: A priori registered systematic review with meta-analysis. LITERATURE SEARCH: MEDLINE-Ovid, Embase-Ovid, Scopus-Elsevier, CINAHL-EBSCO, SPORTDiscus-EBSCO, and Cochrane Library were searched to May 27, 2022. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included peer-reviewed primary data studies (observational and experimental) of human participants with and without knee conditions reporting knee confidence, fear of movement/avoidance beliefs, and/or psychological readiness to return to sport (RTS) or reporting correlations between these factors and objective measures of function in knee conditions. DATA SYNTHESIS: Where possible, data were pooled by knee conditions, otherwise performed narrative syntheses. The Downs and Black checklist assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. RESULTS: Forty studies (3546 participants with knee conditions; 616 participants without knee conditions) were included. There was very low–certainty evidence of higher fear of movement in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41, 0.52), but not in individuals with patellofemoral pain (SMD, 0.66; 95% CI: −7.98, 9.29) when compared with those without knee conditions. There was very low–certainty evidence of no differences in psychological readiness to RTS after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (SMD, −1.14; 95% CI: −2.97, 0.70) compared to no knee condition, and negligible to weak positive correlations between psychological readiness to RTS and objective measures of function. CONCLUSION: There was very low–certainty evidence of higher fear of movement in individuals with knee osteoarthritis compared to those without, and very low–certainty evidence of no correlations between these factors and objective measures of function following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(4):234-247. Epub 29 January 2024.</p
Constraining the age of the Middle Stone Age locality of Bargny (Senegal) through a combined OSL-ESR dating approach
No full textAbstract: The Middle Stone Age (MSA) is the major chrono-cultural phase associated with the emergence and evolution of Homo sapiens in Africa. Despite its importance, the MSA has not been evenly investigated across Africa, and West Africa in particular remains poorly understood. Although new research is beginning to fill in this crucial gap of knowledge, the existing MSA chronologies in West Africa only rely on Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating. In this context, the increasing use of a multi-method dating approach appears essential to strengthen this emerging geochronological framework. Here, we apply such approach to constrain the age of Bargny locality, located in close proximity to the modern Senegalese coast (South of Dakar), and which documents one of the oldest MSA occupations in West Africa. Specifically, we combine OSL and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) methods to date the MSA sites of Bargny 3 (BG3) and Bargny 1 (BG1). A mean OSL age of 127±8 ka may be proposed for the MSA of BG3, which is in good agreement with a mean Ti-H ESR age of 125±14 ka from the same unit. Interestingly, similar ages are obtained by OSL (144±7 ka) and Ti-H ESR (138±14 ka) for the MSA horizon from BG1. While these results illustrate the great potential of the combined OSL-ESR dating approach to establish robust chronologies, they also contribute to improve the geographical and chronological resolution of the MSA record in West Africa. More specifically, they also corroborate the presence of MSA occupations along the Senegambian coast around the MIS 6-MIS 5 transition. In combination with the associated estuarine environments and mangrove forest, the evidence from Bargny adds to the known diversity, and likely complex behaviour, of early human populations living by Africa’s coastlines.</p
Applications of Nijenhuis Geometry V: Geodesic Equivalence and Finite-Dimensional Reductions of Integrable Quasilinear Systems
No full textWe describe all metrics geodesically compatible with a gl -regular Nijenhuis operator L. The set of such metrics is large enough so that a generic local curve γ is a geodesic for a suitable metric g from this set. Next, we show that a certain evolutionary PDE system of hydrodynamic type constructed from L preserves the property of γ to be a g-geodesic. This implies that every metric g geodesically compatible with L gives us a finite-dimensional reduction of this PDE system. We show that its restriction onto the set of g-geodesics is naturally equivalent to the Poisson action of Rn on the cotangent bundle generated by the integrals coming from geodesic compatibility.</p
Dust to dust: Materialising illness and death in the archive
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ Experiences Factsheet 7: Experiences in education among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ young people
No full textBetween 2017 and 2020, several national surveys of LGBTQA+ people across Australia were conducted by the Telethon Kids Institute and by ARCSHS. These included:Trans Pathways: a study of gender diverse young people and their mental health and care pathwaysPrivate Lives 3: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQ+ adults (aged 18+)Writing Themselves In 4: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQA+ young people (aged 14-21)Each of these studies heard from some LGBTQA+ people who were also Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. In order to highlight their specific and unique experiences, this project sought to draw together the responses from these LGBTQA+ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Findings from these responses are presented in a series of factsheets.This factsheet explores experiences of school, TAFE and university as an LGBTQA+ person among participants in Writing Themselves In 4.</p
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ Experiences Factsheet 3: Feeling good as an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ young person
No full textBetween 2017 and 2020, several national surveys of LGBTQA+ people across Australia were conducted by the Telethon Kids Institute and by ARCSHS. These included:Trans Pathways: a study of gender diverse young people and their mental health and care pathwaysPrivate Lives 3: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQ+ adults (aged 18+)Writing Themselves In 4: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQA+ young people (aged 14-21)Each of these studies heard from some LGBTQA+ people who were also Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. In order to highlight their specific and unique experiences, this project sought to draw together the responses from these LGBTQA+ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Findings from these responses are presented in a series of factsheets.This factsheet explores findings from Indigenous LGBTQA+ participants in Writing Themselves In 4 and Trans Pathways about practices and experiences that affirmed their sexuality and/or gender identity.</p