19683 research outputs found
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Implementing digital technologies in prison: Inmates’ ongoing experiences of tablet access and connections with family and friends
No full texthttps://correctiveservices.dcj.nsw.gov.au/documents/research-and-statistics/b20-inmates-ongoing-experiences-tablet-access.pdf</p
Impact of 24 h shifts on urinary catecholamine in emergency physicians: a cross-over randomized trial
No full text24-h shift (24 hS) exposed emergency physicians to a higher stress level than 14-h night shift (14 hS), with an impact spreading on several days. Catecholamines are supposed to be chronic stress biomarker. However, no study has used catecholamines to assess short-term residual stress or measured them over multiple shifts. A shift-randomized trial was conducted to study urinary catecholamines levels of 17 emergency physicians during a control day (clerical work on return from leave) and two working day (14 hS and 24 hS). The Wilcoxon matched-pairs test was utilized to compare the mean catecholamine levels. Additionally, a multivariable generalized estimating equations model was employed to further analyze the independent relationships between key factors such as shifts (compared to control day), perceived stress, and age with catecholamine levels. Dopamine levels were lower during 24 hS than 14 hS and the control day. Norepinephrine levels increased two-fold during both night shifts. Epinephrine levels were higher during the day period of both shifts than on the control day. Despite having a rest day, the dopamine levels did not return to their normal values by the end of the third day after the 24 hS. The generalized estimating equations model confirmed relationships of catecholamines with workload and fatigue. To conclude, urinary catecholamine biomarkers are a convenient and non-invasive strong measure of stress during night shifts, both acutely and over time. Dopamine levels are the strongest biomarker with a prolonged alteration of its circadian rhythm. Due to the relation between increased catecholamine levels and both adverse psychological effects and cardiovascular disease, we suggest that emergency physicians restrict their exposure to 24 hS to mitigate these risks.</p
Suicide in autism: Research evidence and policy brief
No full textThis policy brief underscores the urgent need for the Australian Government and key suicide prevention bodies to formally acknowledge the significantly increased risk of suicide among Autistic Australians. Despite clear evidence from both national and international research highlighting a heightened risk of suicide within the Autistic community, Autistic Australians have not been prioritised in suicide prevention efforts. The brief identifies specific barriers to accessing mental health and suicide prevention services, such as long waitlists, high costs, and ineligibility for support services. It calls for targeted research, policy changes, and practices that address these barriers and reduce the risk of suicide among Autistic Australians.In 2025 we updated this report to submit to the Federal Government's the Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Agreement Review. </p
Feasibility of Post-stroke Incontinence Rehabilitation with Adjunct Transcutaneous Electric Stimulation (PIRATES)
No full textA thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p
Competitive Pasture Species to Suppress the Growth of Annual Riceflower (Pimelea trichostachya Lindl.) at Different Planting Densities and Spatial Arrangements
No full textThis study assessed the effectiveness of four competitive pasture species—Premier digit grass (Digitaria eriantha Steud. var. Premier), Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth.), sabi grass (Urochloa mosambicensis Hack.), and buffel grass (Pennisetum ciliare L.) against the toxic annual riceflower (Pimelea trichostachya Lindl.) at varying planting densities and ratios. At six plants pot−1, with a 66:33 grass-to-weed ratio, riceflower biomass decreased by 73.7%, 82.5%, 73.7%, and 60.6% when grown alongside Premier digit, Rhodes, sabi, and buffel grasses, respectively. Similarly, with four plants pot−1 at a 75:25 ratio, reductions were 69.1%, 79.8%, 71.0%, and 44.5%, respectively. Annual riceflower experienced the greatest suppression when grown with Rhodes grass, showing aggressivity index (AI) values of −60.2 and −67.2 and relative crowding coefficient (RCC) values of 0.4 for both six and four plants pot−1. Premier digit grass also suppressed riceflower effectively, with riceflower AI values of −35.6 and −36.7 and RCC values of 0.5 and 0.6. Buffel grass had the least impact, with riceflower AI values of −41.1 and −27.9 and RCC values of 0.9 and 2.0. Sabi grass also demonstrated good suppressive effects, though slightly less than the top two species. Higher planting densities generally resulted in stronger riceflower suppression. The results highlight the importance of considering planting density, arrangement, and key plant traits when selecting pasture species for successful weed control. Based on these findings, we conclude that Premier digit grass and Rhodes grass show promising potential for effective suppression of annual riceflower growth.</p
CREATING BURNING ISSUES IN CLASSICS
No full textCreating Burning Issues in Classics allowed the involved staff to develop a process for curating quality content that can be readily replicated for future iterations and by others to create ebooks containing student assessment projects. It considered ways to limit power imbalances with the staff involved while publishing the high quality student created content as an ebook that can be used by staff with future cohorts in the subject and other interested parties. The key to the project’s success was the type of assessment task that provided students with the chance to demonstrate skills in research and presentation and readily allowed the content to be published where the criteria were met and peer review undertaken.</p
Alcohol’s impact on the health and wellbeing of women in low-and middle-income countries: An integrative review
No full textIn lower-and middle-income countries (LMICs), alcohol poses significant challenges to the health, well-being, and safety of women. This integrative review builds upon a previous rapid assessment conducted by Laslett and Cook in 2019, delving into the specific impacts of alcohol on women's health in LMICs while also shedding light on research gaps across different global regions. We advocate for further research endeavours and policy initiatives aimed at addressing these deficiencies. Additionally, we prompt discussions regarding the necessity of establishing distinct priorities for alcohol research, monitoring, policy, and evaluation tailored to women's needs in LMICs, as compared to those for men or the general population, particularly in high-income countries (HICs).</p
Accessing supports due to others' harmful drinking
No full textIntroduction: Alcohol's harm to others (AHTO) refers to harms caused to those other than the drinker. The current paper estimates the prevalence of formal and informal supports sought due to AHTO and examines whether the type of support accessed varies by sociodemographic, economic and harm-related characteristics. Methods: An Australian sample of 2574 people completed the 2021 AHTO survey, out of which 888 perceived they experienced harm from another's drinking. Prevalence of accessing services and supports was measured. Additionally, several sociodemographic factors, economic factors and harm-related factors were included in multivariable logistic regression models predicting service/support use. Specifically, four models were constructed probing use of any service/support, use of police, use of counselling services and use of family/friend support. Results: Of the survey sample, 12.4% accessed any support/service. Seeking support from family and/or friends was most common, followed by police, counselling, healthcare services and being admitted to hospital. Women had higher odds of accessing counselling and family/friend support. Respondents with a higher education level and two or more financial stressors had higher odds of accessing police and counselling. Respondents harmed by a stranger had higher odds of accessing police, whereas respondents harmed by someone they know had higher odds of seeking support from family/friends. Experiencing more severe harm was associated with greater odds of accessing any support. Discussion and Conclusions: Several sociodemographic and economic factors were associated with accessing different supports. These findings may inform service development, interventions and policy changes for people affected by others' drinking.</p
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTQA+ Experiences Factsheet 4: Experiences of affirmation among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander trans and gender diverse people
No full textBetween 2017 and 2020, several national surveys of LGBTQA+ people across Australia were conducted by the Telethon Kids Institute and by ARCSHS. These included:Trans Pathways: a study of gender diverse young people and their mental health and care pathwaysPrivate Lives 3: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQ+ adults (aged 18+)Writing Themselves In 4: a study of health and wellbeing among LGBTQA+ young people (aged 14-21)Each of these studies heard from some LGBTQA+ people who were also Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. In order to highlight their specific and unique experiences, this project sought to draw together the responses from these LGBTQA+ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Findings from these responses are presented in a series of factsheets.This factsheet explores the experiences of Indigenous participants in the Writing Themselves In 4, Private Lives 3 and Trans Pathways surveys in how they desire, access or experiences gender affirmation and how they are treated by others.</p
Measuring and capturing the financial benefits from process improvement activities in healthcare
No full textA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Public Health to the School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.</p